Climate of Ecuador
The climate of Ecuador is generally tropical and varies with altitude and region, due to differences in elevation and, to a degree, in proximity to the equator.[1]
Ecuador map of Köppen climate classification.
The coastal lowlands in the western part of Ecuador are typically warm with temperatures in the region of 25 °C (77 °F).[2] Coastal areas are affected by ocean currents and are hot and rainy between January and April.[3]
The weather in Quito is consistent with that of a subtropical highland climate. The average temperature during the day is 21 °C (70 °F), which generally falls to an average of 10 °C (50 °F) at night. The average temperature annually is 18 °C (64 °F). There are two seasons in the city: dry and wet. The dry season runs from June to September and the wet season is from October to May.
Effects of Climate Change
Protesters in Quito during the September 2019 climate strikes.
Ecuador has a diverse geography and is very vulnerable to climate change. Antisana, Cotopaxi, Chimborazo, Cayambe, the Ilinizas (north and south), El Altar, and Carihuairazo are the seven glaciers of Ecuador. These glaciers are all located on volcanic craters that are affected by the greenhouse effect. Because of global warming glacier Carihuairazo has already lost 96% of its glacier surface. With the continued worsening of climate change, Carihuairazo can disappear within five years. By the end of 2018, there was an average nationwide loss of 53% of glacier coverage. Glacier shrinkage is a natural phenomenon that has existed; however, in the last 20 years climate change has exacerbated shrinkage. These glaciers in Ecuador play a major role in the climate because they gather the atmospheric circulation from the Pacific and the humidity of the Amazon region.[4]
Examples
| Climate data for Quito | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 33.0 (91.4) |
28.6 (83.5) |
32.0 (89.6) |
25.6 (78.1) |
30.4 (86.7) |
29.0 (84.2) |
31.0 (87.8) |
27.0 (80.6) |
29.0 (84.2) |
27.0 (80.6) |
29.3 (84.7) |
29.0 (84.2) |
33.0 (91.4) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 21.2 (70.2) |
21.0 (69.8) |
20.8 (69.4) |
20.9 (69.6) |
21.0 (69.8) |
21.1 (70.0) |
21.5 (70.7) |
22.2 (72.0) |
22.3 (72.1) |
21.8 (71.2) |
21.3 (70.3) |
21.3 (70.3) |
21.4 (70.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 15.5 (59.9) |
15.6 (60.1) |
15.5 (59.9) |
15.6 (60.1) |
15.6 (60.1) |
15.5 (59.9) |
15.5 (59.9) |
15.9 (60.6) |
15.9 (60.6) |
15.7 (60.3) |
15.5 (59.9) |
15.5 (59.9) |
15.6 (60.1) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 9.8 (49.6) |
10.1 (50.2) |
10.1 (50.2) |
10.2 (50.4) |
10.1 (50.2) |
9.8 (49.6) |
9.4 (48.9) |
9.6 (49.3) |
9.4 (48.9) |
9.5 (49.1) |
9.6 (49.3) |
9.7 (49.5) |
9.8 (49.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 3.0 (37.4) |
4.7 (40.5) |
5.1 (41.2) |
5.3 (41.5) |
2.5 (36.5) |
3.0 (37.4) |
3.0 (37.4) |
2.2 (36.0) |
3.4 (38.1) |
4.2 (39.6) |
2.5 (36.5) |
2.5 (36.5) |
2.2 (36.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 82.5 (3.25) |
111.0 (4.37) |
146.6 (5.77) |
171.2 (6.74) |
105.5 (4.15) |
39.5 (1.56) |
21.5 (0.85) |
27.7 (1.09) |
68.9 (2.71) |
114.9 (4.52) |
108.5 (4.27) |
100.4 (3.95) |
1,098.2 (43.24) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 10 | 11 | 15 | 15 | 13 | 7 | 5 | 5 | 11 | 14 | 11 | 11 | 128 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 197 | 140 | 122 | 136 | 164 | 189 | 249 | 256 | 196 | 177 | 197 | 215 | 2,238 |
| Source 1: World Meteorological Organization,[5] (precipitation data),[6] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: NOAA[7][8] Voodoo Skies (records),[9] Danish Meteorological Institute (sun and relative humidity)[10] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data for Guayaquil | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 37.2 (99.0) |
35.4 (95.7) |
37.3 (99.1) |
35.8 (96.4) |
35.2 (95.4) |
35.0 (95.0) |
34.1 (93.4) |
34.7 (94.5) |
34.4 (93.9) |
35.1 (95.2) |
35.4 (95.7) |
36.7 (98.1) |
37.3 (99.1) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 31.2 (88.2) |
31.2 (88.2) |
32.2 (90.0) |
32.0 (89.6) |
31.2 (88.2) |
29.8 (85.6) |
29.1 (84.4) |
29.7 (85.5) |
30.5 (86.9) |
30.2 (86.4) |
31.1 (88.0) |
31.8 (89.2) |
30.8 (87.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 27.1 (80.8) |
27.3 (81.1) |
28.0 (82.4) |
27.8 (82.0) |
26.9 (80.4) |
25.7 (78.3) |
25.0 (77.0) |
25.2 (77.4) |
25.5 (77.9) |
25.6 (78.1) |
26.2 (79.2) |
27.1 (80.8) |
26.5 (79.7) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 23.0 (73.4) |
23.4 (74.1) |
23.7 (74.7) |
23.5 (74.3) |
22.6 (72.7) |
21.5 (70.7) |
20.8 (69.4) |
20.7 (69.3) |
20.5 (68.9) |
20.9 (69.6) |
21.3 (70.3) |
22.4 (72.3) |
22.0 (71.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 20.0 (68.0) |
15.8 (60.4) |
19.9 (67.8) |
19.4 (66.9) |
18.5 (65.3) |
17.6 (63.7) |
17.0 (62.6) |
17.2 (63.0) |
17.2 (63.0) |
17.8 (64.0) |
17.0 (62.6) |
18.0 (64.4) |
15.8 (60.4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 200.7 (7.90) |
332.0 (13.07) |
315.7 (12.43) |
207.7 (8.18) |
62.6 (2.46) |
34.0 (1.34) |
15.6 (0.61) |
1.2 (0.05) |
1.5 (0.06) |
5.6 (0.22) |
29.1 (1.15) |
68.0 (2.68) |
1,263.2 (49.73) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 12 | 14 | 15 | 10 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 59 |
| Source 1: World Meteorological Organization[11] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: NOAA[12] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data for Cuenca | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 33.0 (91.4) |
29.9 (85.8) |
28.8 (83.8) |
33.0 (91.4) |
32.0 (89.6) |
31.6 (88.9) |
29.5 (85.1) |
34.0 (93.2) |
31.2 (88.2) |
33.0 (91.4) |
33.0 (91.4) |
33.0 (91.4) |
34.0 (93.2) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 22.4 (72.3) |
22.4 (72.3) |
21.9 (71.4) |
21.7 (71.1) |
21.4 (70.5) |
20.4 (68.7) |
19.9 (67.8) |
20.4 (68.7) |
21.3 (70.3) |
22.3 (72.1) |
23.1 (73.6) |
23.1 (73.6) |
21.7 (71.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 15.3 (59.5) |
15.8 (60.4) |
15.6 (60.1) |
15.3 (59.5) |
14.4 (57.9) |
13.6 (56.5) |
13.3 (55.9) |
13.3 (55.9) |
14.7 (58.5) |
15.3 (59.5) |
14.7 (58.5) |
15.6 (60.1) |
14.7 (58.5) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 10.9 (51.6) |
11.1 (52.0) |
11.2 (52.2) |
10.9 (51.6) |
10.6 (51.1) |
9.8 (49.6) |
9.4 (48.9) |
9.1 (48.4) |
9.5 (49.1) |
10.1 (50.2) |
10.2 (50.4) |
10.6 (51.1) |
10.3 (50.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 0.0 (32.0) |
0.0 (32.0) |
1.0 (33.8) |
1.0 (33.8) |
0.0 (32.0) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
−3.0 (26.6) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
−1.0 (30.2) |
−2.0 (28.4) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
0.0 (32.0) |
−3.0 (26.6) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 67 (2.6) |
85 (3.3) |
107 (4.2) |
109 (4.3) |
77 (3.0) |
68 (2.7) |
53 (2.1) |
47 (1.9) |
56 (2.2) |
73 (2.9) |
69 (2.7) |
67 (2.6) |
878 (34.5) |
| Average rainy days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 20 | 21 | 22 | 19 | 15 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 12 | 16 | 13 | 10 | 179 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 155 | 113 | 124 | 120 | 155 | 150 | 186 | 186 | 150 | 155 | 150 | 155 | 1,799 |
| Source 1: Temperatures: Climate Ecuador,[13] Voodoo Skies[14] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Other: Cuenca Climate Guide [15] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data for Manta | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 35.0 (95.0) |
34.4 (93.9) |
34.4 (93.9) |
35.6 (96.1) |
34.4 (93.9) |
35.0 (95.0) |
35.0 (95.0) |
35.6 (96.1) |
32.8 (91.0) |
33.3 (91.9) |
32.2 (90.0) |
32.2 (90.0) |
35.6 (96.1) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 30.0 (86.0) |
30.0 (86.0) |
30.6 (87.1) |
30.6 (87.1) |
30.6 (87.1) |
29.4 (84.9) |
28.9 (84.0) |
29.4 (84.9) |
28.9 (84.0) |
28.9 (84.0) |
29.4 (84.9) |
29.4 (84.9) |
29.7 (85.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 26.1 (79.0) |
26.1 (79.0) |
26.4 (79.5) |
26.4 (79.5) |
26.15 (79.07) |
25.25 (77.45) |
24.75 (76.55) |
24.7 (76.5) |
24.45 (76.01) |
24.45 (76.01) |
25 (77) |
25.25 (77.45) |
25.42 (77.75) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 22.2 (72.0) |
22.2 (72.0) |
22.2 (72.0) |
22.2 (72.0) |
21.7 (71.1) |
21.1 (70.0) |
20.6 (69.1) |
20.0 (68.0) |
20.0 (68.0) |
20.0 (68.0) |
20.6 (69.1) |
21.1 (70.0) |
21.2 (70.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 17.2 (63.0) |
17.2 (63.0) |
13.0 (55.4) |
17.2 (63.0) |
17.2 (63.0) |
13.3 (55.9) |
16.1 (61.0) |
15.0 (59.0) |
15.0 (59.0) |
14.4 (57.9) |
15.6 (60.1) |
15.6 (60.1) |
13.0 (55.4) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 40.6 (1.60) |
96.5 (3.80) |
68.6 (2.70) |
25.4 (1.00) |
2.5 (0.10) |
5.1 (0.20) |
5.1 (0.20) |
0.8 (0.03) |
0.8 (0.03) |
0.8 (0.03) |
2.5 (0.10) |
5.1 (0.20) |
253.8 (9.99) |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 124 | 113 | 155 | 150 | 124 | 90 | 93 | 93 | 90 | 93 | 90 | 93 | 1,308 |
| Source 1: Sistema de Clasificación Bioclimática Mundial[16] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: World Climate Guide (sunshine only)[17] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data for Machala | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 30.4 (86.7) |
30.9 (87.6) |
31.0 (87.8) |
31.1 (88.0) |
29.8 (85.6) |
27.8 (82.0) |
27.0 (80.6) |
26.6 (79.9) |
27.0 (80.6) |
26.9 (80.4) |
28.0 (82.4) |
29.7 (85.5) |
28.9 (83.9) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 22.6 (72.7) |
22.8 (73.0) |
22.9 (73.2) |
23.1 (73.6) |
22.7 (72.9) |
21.5 (70.7) |
20.8 (69.4) |
20.1 (68.2) |
20.2 (68.4) |
20.7 (69.3) |
21.0 (69.8) |
21.8 (71.2) |
21.7 (71.0) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 71 (2.8) |
111 (4.4) |
116 (4.6) |
69 (2.7) |
24 (0.9) |
14 (0.6) |
12 (0.5) |
11 (0.4) |
11 (0.4) |
16 (0.6) |
13 (0.5) |
21 (0.8) |
489 (19.2) |
| Source: Climate Data | |||||||||||||
| Climate data for San Cristóbal Island, Galápagos Islands (1981–2010 normals) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 29.2 (84.6) |
30.3 (86.5) |
30.5 (86.9) |
30.2 (86.4) |
29.2 (84.6) |
27.6 (81.7) |
26.4 (79.5) |
25.6 (78.1) |
25.7 (78.3) |
26.0 (78.8) |
27.0 (80.6) |
27.8 (82.0) |
28.0 (82.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 26.1 (79.0) |
26.7 (80.1) |
26.7 (80.1) |
26.5 (79.7) |
25.9 (78.6) |
24.7 (76.5) |
23.5 (74.3) |
22.7 (72.9) |
22.8 (73.0) |
23.0 (73.4) |
23.9 (75.0) |
24.8 (76.6) |
24.8 (76.6) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 22.9 (73.2) |
23.1 (73.6) |
22.9 (73.2) |
22.8 (73.0) |
22.7 (72.9) |
21.7 (71.1) |
20.7 (69.3) |
19.8 (67.6) |
19.8 (67.6) |
20.0 (68.0) |
20.9 (69.6) |
21.7 (71.1) |
21.6 (70.9) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 83.4 (3.28) |
107.4 (4.23) |
106.3 (4.19) |
94.9 (3.74) |
41.9 (1.65) |
32.5 (1.28) |
18.8 (0.74) |
9.8 (0.39) |
7.6 (0.30) |
11.0 (0.43) |
12.6 (0.50) |
51.5 (2.03) |
577.7 (22.76) |
| Average precipitation days | 11 | 10 | 11 | 6 | 5 | 8 | 13 | 14 | 12 | 11 | 8 | 10 | 119 |
| Source: World Meteorological Organization[18] | |||||||||||||
See also
References
- "Climate of Ecuador". Archived from the original on 2012-03-05.
- "Climate in Ecuador". Archived from the original on 2017-08-29.
- "Ecuador:Climate".
- "Climate change threatens 2 of Ecuador's 7 glaciers". www.efe.com. Retrieved 2020-10-19.
- "World Weather Information Service – Guayaquil". Met Office. Retrieved 16 January 2016.
- "World Weather Information Service – Quito". World Meteorological Organization. Retrieved 2 March 2013.
- "WMO Normals – Guayaquil". NOAA. Retrieved 16 January 2016.
- "Quito Mariscal Sucre". World Weather Records 9th Series 1991–2000. NOAA. Retrieved 2 March 2013.
- "Quito Monthly Temperature weather history". Voodoo Skies. Retrieved 21 November 2014.
- Cappelen, John; Jensen, Jens. "Ecudaor – Quito" (PDF). Climate Data for Selected Stations (1931–1960) (in Danish). Danish Meteorological Institute. p. 81. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 16, 2013. Retrieved 2 March 2013.
- "World Weather Information Service – Guayaquil". Met Office. Retrieved 16 January 2016.
- "WMO Normals – Guayaquil". NOAA. Retrieved 16 January 2016.
- "ECUADOR - CUENCA". Archived from the original on 13 January 2019. Retrieved 28 August 2015.
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2018-06-03. Retrieved 2015-09-16.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - "Cuenca Climate Guide, Ecuador". Archived from the original on 22 March 2016. Retrieved 28 August 2015.
- "ECUADOR - MANTA". Centro de Investigaciones Fitosociológicas. Retrieved 2011-09-20.
- "Manta Climate Guide". World Climate Guide. Retrieved 2011-09-20.
- "San Cristobal-Galapagos". World Meteorological Organization. Retrieved 23 January 2021.
External links
- Climate map
- Description of climates of each regionArchived 13 July 2013 at the Wayback Machine
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