Coilia nasus

Coilia nasus,[1][2][3][4] also known as ungeo[5] and the Japanese grenadier anchovy or Chinese tapertail anchovy is a species of ray-finned fish from the family Engraulidae (anchovies). It grows to 41 cm (16 in) total length;[4][6] it is a relatively large species for its genus.[4] It is found in marine, freshwater, and brackish water at depths down to 50 m (160 ft). It is an example of an anadromous fish species, with some populations moving to freshwater to spawn.[4][6] Overall they are distributed in the northwest Pacific, between 21–42°N and 109–134°E,[6] or from Guangdong in China to the west coast of the Korean peninsula and the Ariake Sound in southwestern Japan.[4][5][6] A traditional delicacy, the species is commercially fished in Korea, China and Japan. In China it is one of the most expensive fish sold, and as the anadromous variety is more expensive than the freshwater variety, the industry is mostly focussed in the Yellow Sea, East China Sea, and Yangtze.[7]

Migratory route of the fish.
Seasonal migration and migratory dimorphism of coilia nanus.

Coilia nasus
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Clupeiformes
Family: Engraulidae
Genus: Coilia
Species:
C. nasus
Binomial name
Coilia nasus
Temminck and Schlegel, 1846
Synonyms[1][2][3][4]

Coilia ectenes Jordan and Seale, 1905

Sashimi of etsu (Japanese name for Coilia nasus)

Some Chinese populations migrate anadromously every spring up the Yangtze River before their final gonadal maturation in order to spawn in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze. After this the mature fish then migrate back to the sea. Other groups have been reported to be resident in freshwater lakes during their entire life cycle, making the species an interesting model of partial migration or migratory dimorphism.[8] To understand this process a 870Mb length reference genome has been assembled, and using this a population genetics study of representative freshwater and migratory individuals has probed deeper into the molecular mechanisms of migratory adaptation.[9]

References
  1. Eschmeyer, W. N.; R. Fricke; R. van der Laan, eds. (30 June 2017). "Catalog of Fishes". California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  2. "Coilia nasus". Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). Retrieved 2014-05-30.
  3. "Coilia nasus". The Encyclopedia of Life (EOL). Retrieved 2014-05-30.
  4. Whitehead, Peter J.P.; Gareth J. Nelson; Thosaporn Wongratana (1988). FAO species catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, anchovies and wolfherrings. Part 2 - Engraulididae. Rome: Food & Agriculture Org. pp. 470–472.
  5. "Ung-eo fish - Ark of Taste". Slow Food Foundation. Retrieved 11 April 2018.
  6. Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2017). "Coilia nasus" in FishBase. February 2017 version.
  7. Jiang, T.; Yang, J.; Lu, M. J.; Liu, H. B.; Chen, T. T.; Gao, Y. W. (2017). "Discovery of a spawning area for anadromous Coilia nasus Temminck et Schlegel, 1846 in Poyang Lake, China". Journal of Applied Ichthyology. 33 (2): 189–192. doi:10.1111/jai.13293. ISSN 1439-0426.
  8. Chapman, B. B.; Hulthén, K.; Brodersen, J.; Nilsson, P. A.; Skov, C.; Hansson, L.-A.; Brönmark, C. (2012). "Partial migration in fishes: causes and consequences". Journal of Fish Biology. 81 (2): 456–478. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8649.2012.03342.x. ISSN 1095-8649. PMID 22803720.
  9. Xu, Gangchun; Bian, Chao; Nie, Zhijuan; Li, Jia; Wang, Yuyu; Xu, Dongpo; You, Xinxin; Liu, Hongbo; Gao, Jiancao; Li, Hongxia; Liu, Kai (2020-01-01). "Genome and population sequencing of a chromosome-level genome assembly of the Chinese tapertail anchovy (Coilia nasus) provides novel insights into migratory adaptation". GigaScience. 9 (1). doi:10.1093/gigascience/giz157. PMC 6939831. PMID 31895412.


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