Common Electrical I/O

The Common Electrical I/O (CEI) refers to a series of influential Interoperability Agreements (IAs) that have been published by the Optical Internetworking Forum (OIF). CEI defines the electrical and jitter requirements for 3.125, 6, 11, 25-28, and 56 Gbit/s electrical interfaces.

CEI, the Common Electrical I/O

The Common Electrical I/O (CEI) Interoperability Agreement published by the OIF defines the electrical and jitter requirements for 3.125, 6, 11, 25-28, and 56 Gbit/s SerDes interfaces. This CEI specification has defined SerDes interfaces for the industry since 2004, and it has been highly influential. The development of electrical interfaces at the OIF began with SPI-3 in 2000, and the first differential interface was published in 2003. The seventh generation electrical interface, CEI-56G, defines five reaches of 56 Gbit/s interfaces. The OIF completed work on its eighth generation through its CEI-112G project.[1] The OIF has launched its ninth generation with its CEI-224G project.[2] CEI has influenced or has been adopted or adapted in many other serial interface standards by many different standards organizations over its long lifetime. SerDes interfaces have been developed based on CEI for most ASIC and FPGA products.

CEI direct predecessors

Throughout the 2000s, the OIF produced an important series of interfaces that influenced the development of multiple generations of devices. Beginning with the donation of the PL-3 interface by PMC-Sierra in 2000, the OIF produced the System Packet Interface (SPI) family of packet interfaces. SPI-3 and SPI-4.2 defined two generations of devices before they were supplanted by the closely related Interlaken standard in the SPI-5 generation in 2006.

The OIF also defined the SerDes Framer Interface (SFI) family of specifications in parallel with SPI. As a part of the SPI-5 and SFI-5 development, a common electrical interface was developed termed SxI-5. SxI-5 abstracted the electrical I/O interface away from the individual SPI and SFI documents. This abstraction laid the groundwork for the highly successful CEI family of Interoperability Agreements and was incorporated in the original release of CEI 1.0 a generation later.

Generations of OIF Electrical Interfaces

Gen.
IA
Title
Pub.
as
Clause
#'s
Max
per pair
Mult.
of bit
rate
per wire
Typical
appli
-cation
Year
pub.
Adopted,
adapted or
influenced
Num.
ranges
Modu-
lations
9 CEI-224G 232 Gbit/s 1160x 1600GE thru 200GE IEEE 802.3dj PAM-4
8 CEI-112G CEI 5.0[3] 23-4, 26-7 116 Gbit/s 580x 800GE thru 100GE 2022 IEEE 802.3ck, Infiniband NDR, 128G Fibre Channel and others 4 PAM-4 and CNRZ-5
7 CEI-56G CEI 4.0[4][5] 16-22 56 Gbit/s 290x 400GE thru 50GE 2017 IEEE 802.3bs and 802.3cd, Infiniband HDR, 64G Fibre Channel 5 NRZ, PAM-4 and ENRZ
6.5 CEI-28G (added 25G LR) CEI 3.1 [6] 11 28 Gbit/s (25 for LR) 140x 100GE thru 25GE 2011 InfiniBand EDR, 32G Fibre Channel, SATA 3.2, IEEE 802.3 100GBASE-KR4, 100GBASE-CR4 and CAUI4, SAS-4, Interlaken 1.9 4 NRZ
6 CEI-28G CEI 3.0,[7] 10, 12-14 28 Gbit/s 140x 100GE thru 25GE 2008 InfiniBand EDR, 32GFC, SATA 3.2, IEEE 802.3 CAUI4, SAS-4, Interlaken 1.9 4 NRZ
5 CEI-11G CEI 2.0 8-9 11 Gbit/s 55x OC-768, 100GE, 40GE 2008 InfiniBand QDR, 10GBASE-KR, 10GFC, 16GFC, SAS-3, RapidIO v3, Interlaken 3 NRZ
4 CEI-6G CEI 1.0 6-7 6 Gbit/s 30x OC-768 (~40 Gbit/s) 2004 4GFC, 8GFC, InfiniBand DDR, SATA 3.0, SAS-2, RapidIO v2, HyperTransport 3.1, Interlaken 2 NRZ
3 SxI-5 SxI-5 [8] and CEI 1.0 4-5 3.125 Gbit/s 16x OC-192, 10GE 2002, 2004 Interlaken, SPI-5, SFI-5, FC 2G, InfiniBand SDR, XAUI, 10GBASE-KX4, 10GBASE-CX4, SATA 2.0, SAS-1, RapidIO v1 1 NRZ
2 SPI-4.2 SPI-4, 4.2 [9] 0.8 Gbit/s 4x OC-48 (2.488 Gbit/s) 2001-2 HyperTransport 1.03 1 NRZ
1 SPI-3 SPI-3 0.1 Gbit/s (single ended) 1 (ref) OC-12 (0.622 Gbit/s) 2000 (From PMC-Sierra's PL-3) 1 NRZ

Two earlier generations in this development path were defined by some of the same individuals at the ATM Forum in 1994 and 1995. These specifications were called UTOPIA Level 1 and 2. These operated at 25 Mbit/s (0.025 Gbit/s) and 50 Mbit/s per wire single ended and were used in OC-3 (155 Mbit/s) applications.[10] PL-3 was a packet extension of the cells carried by those earlier interfaces.

Public demonstrations

Compliant implementations to the draft CEI-56G IAs were demonstrated in the OIF booth at the Optical Fiber Conference in 2015, 2016 and 2017.[11]

References
  1. "OIF Launches CEI-112G Project for 100G Serial Electrical Links". Businesswire, 30 Aug 2016.
  2. "OIF to Update Industry on Next-Generation Electrical and Optical Interface Projects, including 224 Gbps & Co-Packaging, at DesignCon 2023". OIF, 11 Jan 2023.
  3. "Common Electrical I/O (CEI) - Electrical and Jitter Interoperability agreements for 6G+ bps, 11G+ bps, 25G+, 56G+ and 112G+ bps I/O" (PDF). OIF, May 2022.
  4. "Common Electrical I/O (CEI) - Electrical and Jitter Interoperability agreements for 6G+ bps, 11G+ bps, 25G+, and 56G+ bps I/O" (PDF). OIF, Dec 2017.
  5. "OIF CEI Technology For 56 Gbps Available For Wider Industry Adoption". OIF, Jan 2018.
  6. "Common Electrical I/O (CEI) - Electrical and Jitter Interoperability agreements for 6G+ bps, 11G+ bps and 25G+ bps I/O" (PDF). OIF, 8 Feb 2014.
  7. "Common Electrical I/O (CEI) - Electrical and Jitter Interoperability agreements for 6G+ bps, 11G+ bps and 25G+ bps I/O" (PDF). OIF, Sept 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-01-18. Retrieved 2017-05-08.
  8. "System Interface Level 5 (SxI-5): Common Electrical Characteristics for 2.488 – 3.125Gbps Parallel Interfaces" (PDF). OIF, Oct 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-02-19. Retrieved 2017-05-08.
  9. "System Packet Interface Level 4 (SPI-4) Phase 2 Revision 1: OC-192 System Interface for Physical and Link Layer Devices" (PDF). OIF, 15 Oct 2003.
  10. "OIF shows 56G electrical interfaces & CFP2-ACO". Gazzettabyte, 25 Mar 2015.
  11. "ATM Physical Layers" (PDF). Washington University in St. Louis (originally published by Ohio State), ~1998.
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