White's Ferry

39°9′17.26″N 77°31′13.50″W

White's Ferry on the Potomac River in 2007

White's Ferry, originally Conrad's Ferry, is an inactive cable ferry service that carried cars, bicycles, and pedestrians across the Potomac River between Loudoun County, Virginia and Montgomery County, Maryland, and is the last one of its kind to cross the Potomac.[1] The location offered fishing services and water recreation including canoeing. It transported between 600 and 800 customers daily until its operations were suspended indefinitely in 2020 due to a legal dispute over the land surrounding it.[2]

History
Loading on the Virginia side, with a view of the Maryland side
White's Ferry Road crosses the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, with stone ruins of the granary on the left
The base of the CSA monument moved from Rockville to White's Ferry
Crossing on the ferry

Early settlers recognized that the relatively still waters of the Potomac River at the location would provide an ideal location for a ferry. One of the earliest mentions of the ferry appeared in an act of the Maryland General Assembly passed on December 27, 1791 (Liber JG. No. 1, folio 447):

Be it enacted, by the General Assembly of Maryland, that the following roads shall be laid out, surveyed, marked, bounded, and cleared in the manner herein directed, to wit: One road through Anne-Arundel county from the turnpike road in Baltimore county until it intersects the road from Frederick-town at the line of Frederick county, near William Hobbs's; one other road from Green's bridge, on Patuxent river, to the mouth of Monocacy, on Potowmack river, through Montgomery county; and one other road from Conrad Myer's ferry on Potowmack river aforesaid, until it intersects the road from Green's bridge aforesaid, to the mouth of Monocacy aforesaid, southwestward of the road leading from Frederick to George-town in Montgomery county aforesaid; and one other road from Conrad Myer's ferry on Potowmack river to the mouth of Seneca, or to intersect the road from Georgetown to the mouth of Monocacy, by way of Brooke Beall's mill on Watt's branch, in Montgomery county.

A road map published in the Maryland Land Records for Montgomery County in 1795 (Liber F-6, folio 195) showed a side road near Seneca Bridge coming off the main road between Georgetown and the mouth of the Monocacy River labeled "Road to Conrad Mire's ferry." Another early mention of the ferry appeared in the book: "The life and adventures of Robert Bailey, from his infancy up to December 1821" written by himself: "From the house of this good man, I crossed at Conrood's ferry, and went to Montgomery County, in Maryland, where I once more (after an absence of nearly six years,) had the heart feeling gratification of beholding my dear and affectionate mother and my kind and loving sister." Assuming the book is chronological, the crossing apparently took place after December 15, 1778. But, "The Moco Show" claims that the ferry was opened to the public in 1786.[2] The following advertisement appeared in the National Intelligencer on Thursday, February 1, 1821: "Ranaway in September last, Abraham Dublin, a black man; from Geo. Ward, Montg. Co, Md; living about 17 miles from Gtwn, on the road leading to Coonrod's ferry." The first known ferry operation at the location was Conrad's Ferry,[3] pronounced contemporaneously by the locals as "Coonrod's Ferry"[4] in 1861. After the Civil War, former Confederate officer Elijah V. White purchased it and made many improvements to the service. He named his ferry boat in honor of his former commander, General Jubal Early.[5] The ferry boat was renamed "Historic White's Ferry" in June 2020.

Currently, the ferry is owned by Malcolm Brown, whose father purchased the location in 1946 with other business partners. He eventually bought out his partners and shipped new ferries from Baltimore in 1953 and from Norfolk in 1988; both of which were named after Confederate General Jubal A. Early because of his, "rebellious, no surrender attitude".[6]

The Confederate statue that had been moved from Rockville to White's Ferry in 2017, was moved to a private storage location by the owners on June 16, 2020, although the base of the monument remains.[7]

Each May, White's Ferry hosts an event honoring wounded soldiers recovering at Walter Reed Army Medical Center. Escorted to the area by a large motorcycle honor guard, the soldiers enjoy a day of music, food, fishing, and rides on the ferry. The event is sponsored by the town of Poolesville, Maryland, and receives support from many groups and individuals within the community.[8]

Service disruptions and current closure

On September 13, 2006, the United States Coast Guard ordered White's Ferry to be shut down because the operator was unlicensed. The ferry continued to operate regardless.[9] The next day the Coast Guard allowed the ferry to resume operations after the owners assured the Coast Guard that there would be licensed individuals on the vessel. For operating without a licensed operator the ferry was fined $8,000, which it could appeal.[10]

On December 28, 2020, the owners of White's Ferry ceased operation after a decade-long lawsuit in the Circuit Court of Loudoun County over their use of private land for a Virginia landing. The decision to cease operation of the ferry was a unilateral decision made by White's Ferry, Inc., which operates the privately owned ferry.[11] Judge Stephen E. Sincavage decided the case against White's Ferry on November 23, 2020, awarding Rockland Farm damages for trespass, damage to property and breach of contract.[12] Despite the ferry's closure, no effort was made to dismantle it as it entered legal limbo.

In February 2021, White's Ferry was purchased by Loudoun County businessman Chuck Kuhn with plans to revive its operation by either buying or negotiating a permanent easement on the Virginia landing site which is owned by hedge fund manager Peter Brown and his two sisters.[13][14] In August 2021, Kuhn said Loudoun County may need to exercise eminent domain over the private Virginia dock site to restore service.[15]

Because the ferry link is part of the region's transportation network, as of April 2021, Montgomery County and Loudon County are coordinating to identify technical solutions and support the resolution of issues between private parties to re-establish the connection.[16]

During an October 16, 2023, meeting of Montgomery County Council Transportation and Environment Committee, Maryland Del. David Fraser-Hidalgo begged the parties to get past their issues and find a resolution. Chuck Kuhn, who bought the ferry in February 2021, offered at the same meeting to "do anything we can do to help get this ferry going," including donating the ferry and the Maryland shoreline in its entirety to Montgomery county and walk away without a dime if that got the ferry back into operation.[17]

Maryland rock band Clutch has a song titled "White's Ferry", written about the sights frontman Neil Fallon saw on a drive around some country roads in Maryland and Virginia that took him over the Potomac on the ferry.

References
  1. "White's Ferry". Town of Poolesville, MD.
  2. "Recap of the White's Ferry Situation From When Operations Ceased in December 2020". The Moco Show. December 27, 2021. Retrieved December 28, 2020.
  3. "Conrad's Ferry". ClipArt ETC.
  4. "Our War Correspondence From The Divisions of Banks and Stone". The New York Times. November 1, 1861. Retrieved February 7, 2014.
  5. Peck, Garrett (2012). The Potomac River: A History and Guide. Charleston, SC: The History Press. p. 60. ISBN 978-1609496005.
  6. Barned-Smith, St. John (November 1, 2012). "White's Ferry's swift trips across the Potomac have long history". The Gazette. Retrieved February 7, 2014.
  7. Luttrell, Cameron (July 25, 2017). "Controversial Confederate Soldier Statue Moves To White's Ferry". Rockville, MD Patch. Retrieved October 25, 2020.
  8. Stern, Nicholas C. (May 18, 2008). "Wounded veterans get time to heal at picnic". The Frederick News-Post. Retrieved February 7, 2014.
  9. Kunkle, Fredrick (September 15, 2006). "Mutinous Ferry Roils the Waters". The Washington Post. Retrieved February 7, 2014.
  10. Sollinger, Shannon (October 5, 2006). "Ferry keeps running, will be fined". Loudoun Times-Mirror. Archived from the original on January 20, 2010. Retrieved January 24, 2021.
  11. "Historic White's Ferry, the last remaining ferry across Potomac River, shuts down service". WJLA. December 28, 2020. Retrieved December 28, 2020.
  12. "White's Ferry Closes After Legal Dispute". LoudonNow. December 28, 2020. Retrieved December 28, 2020.
  13. Longley, Laura (December 1, 2021). "A Grim Ferry Tale". The Blue Ridge Leader and Loudoun Today. Retrieved March 28, 2023.
  14. Clabaugh, Jeff (February 12, 2021). "White's Ferry purchased by Loudoun County businessman and landowner". WTOP-FM. Retrieved February 13, 2021.
  15. Uliano, Dick (August 19, 2021). "Eminent domain may be needed to restore White's Ferry service, ferry owner says". WTOP-FM. Retrieved August 19, 2021.
  16. "Montgomery County Applauds Loudoun County's Efforts to Restore Potomac River Ferry Service" (Press release). Montgomery County. April 21, 2021. Retrieved April 22, 2021.
  17. Augenstein, Neal (October 16, 2023). "Maryland officials 'begging' White's Ferry, land owner to reopen service nearly 3 years after abrupt closing". WTOP-FM. Retrieved October 16, 2023.
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