Datta dynasty

The Datta dynasty is a dynasty of rulers who flourished in the northern India in the areas of Mathura and Ayodhya around the 1st century BCE – 1st century CE.[1] They are named after the "-datta" ending of their name, and essentially only known through their coins. It is thought that they replaced the Deva dynasty, which had originated with the rise of Sunga Empire Pushyamitra, and that they were in turn replaced by the Mitra dynasty.

Dattas of Mathura
1st century BCE–1st century BCE
CapitalMathura
Religion
Hinduism
GovernmentMonarchy
History 
• Established
1st century BCE
• Disestablished
1st century BCE
Preceded by		Succeeded by
Deva dynasty
Indo-Greeks
Mitra dynasty
Northern Satraps
Scythian Empire
Today part ofIndia
Coin of Ramadatta. Obv. Elephant facing. Rev. Standing figure with symbols.
Datta dynasty is located in India
Datta dynasty
Location of the Datta dynasty in Mathura, India.
Coin of Sivadatta, minted in Almora. Obv: railing with symbol between the posts. Obv: Sivadatasa, uncertain central symbol, margin: deer and tree within railing.

The known Datta rulers are:[2]

  • Seshadatta
  • Ramadatta
  • Sisuchandradatta
  • Sivadatta.

The coins of Ramadatta usually represent a Lakshmi standing, and facing elephants.[2] In the archaeological excavations of Sonkh, near Mathura, the earliest coins of the Northern Satraps level were those of Hagamasha and Ramadatta.[3]

The Datta rulers are never mentioned as "king" or Raja on their coins, suggesting that they may only have been local rulers subservient to another king. Since the Indo-Greeks were in control of Mathura around the same time frame (150–50 BCE) according to the Yavanarajya inscription, it is thought that there may have been a sort of tributary relationship between the local Datta or Mitra dynasty and the Indo-Greek kings.[4] Alternatively, the Datta and Mitra dynasties of rulers may simply have replaced Indo-Greek rule in the region, before the advent of the Indo-Scythian Northern Satraps and then the Kushans.

  • Coin of Uttamadatta.
    Coin of Uttamadatta.
  • Coin of Purushadatta.
    Coin of Purushadatta.
  • Coin of Ramadatta.
    Coin of Ramadatta.

References
  1. History of Early Stone Sculpture at Mathura: Ca. 150 BCE – 100 CE, Sonya Rhie Quintanilla, BRILL, 2007, p.170
  2. Dimensions of Human Cultures in Central India, A. A. Abbasi, Sarup & Sons, 2001, p.145-146
  3. Hartel, Herbert (2007). On The Cusp Of An Era Art In The Pre Kuṣāṇa World. BRILL. p. 324.
  4. History of Early Stone Sculpture at Mathura: Ca. 150 BCE – 100 CE, Sonya Rhie Quintanilla, BRILL, 2007, p.8–10
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