Vaupés Department

Vaupés (Spanish pronunciation: [bawˈpes]) is a department of Southeastern Colombia in the jungle covered Amazonic Region. It is located in the southeast part of the country, bordering Brazil to the east, the department of Amazonas to the south, Caquetá to the west, and Guabari, and Guainia to the north; covering a total area of 54,135 km2. Its capital is the town of Mitú. As of 2018, the population was 40,797, making it the least populous department in Colombia.

Department of Vaupes
Departamento del Vaupés
Department
Flag of Department of Vaupes
Flag
Coat of arms of Department of Vaupes
Coat of arms
Vaupés shown in red
Vaupés shown in red
Topography of the department
Topography of the department
Coordinates: 1°12′N 70°10′W
Country Colombia
RegionAmazonía Region
EstablishedJuly 4, 1991
CapitalMitú
Government
 • GovernorJesús Maria Vásquez Caicedo (2016-2019)
Area
[1][2]
 • Total54,135 km2 (20,902 sq mi)
 • Rank7th
Population
 (2018)[3]
 • Total40,797
 • Rank32nd
 • Density0.75/km2 (2.0/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC−05
ISO 3166 codeCO-VAU
Municipalities6
HDI (2019)0.639[4]
medium · 33rd of 33
Websitewww.vaupes.gov.co

History

During the colonization by the Spanish and first days of the first republic, the territory of Vaupes was part of the Province of Popayán, during the Greater Colombia. After the independence from Spain between 1821 and 1830 became part of the first version of the Boyacá Department. Between 1831 and 1857 the territory became part of the National Territory of Caquetá to later be part of the Sovereign State of Cauca. In 1886 became part of the then recently created Cauca Department.[5]

With the expansion of the rubber industry and the industrial revolution, exploration for rubber reached the area bringing colonizers that altered and in some cases extinguished the majority of the indigenous population.

The territory was first made into a territorial division in 1910 and functioned as Commissaries (Comisarias) with the town of Calamar as capital (located in present-day Guaviare) but later moved to the town of Mitú to make an "act of presence" near the border with Brazil. In 1963 Guainía segregated from the Vaupes and became a commissary. In 1977, Guaviare followed the same path.

The department was created after the Colombian Constitution of 1991 which established it as a Department of Colombia on July 4, 1991.[6]

Economy

The department's main economic activities feature logging and fishing, with much exportation to neighboring Brazil.

Demographics

The vast majority of the population consists of indigenous inhabitants. It is the least populated department in the country.

Historical population
YearPop.±%
1973 23,250—    
1985 26,178+12.6%
1993 24,671−5.8%
2005 39,279+59.2%
2018 40,797+3.9%
Source:[7]

Transportation

Because of its location in the Amazon jungle, it has no roads connecting it with the rest of the country or internally from settlement to settlement, and commerce and contact with the outside world is achieved through travel along the main rivers and by means of air travel. Several of the small settlements have airstrips with service to the department's capital, Mitú, and from there with the rest of the country.[8]

Administrative divisions

Because of its small population and vast extension of land, Vaupes only has three municipalities. Other sections of the department were classified as an especial type of corregiments, which has certain hybrid functions from a municipality and corregimiento.

Municipalities
  1. Caruru
  2. Mitú
  3. Taraira

Department Corregimients
  1. Pacoa
  2. Papunahua
  3. Yavarateh

Municipal Corregiments
  1. Acariquara
  2. Fatima Ville

See also

Notes
  1. "Nuestro Departamento: Información general". Gobernación del Vaupés. Archived from the original on 2013-02-16. Retrieved 2012-02-12.
  2. "Vaupés, Department of". Historical Dictionary of Colombia. Scarecrow Press. 2012. p. 291. ISBN 978-0-8108-7813-6.
  3. "DANE". Archived from the original on November 13, 2009. Retrieved February 13, 2013.
  4. "Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org. Retrieved 2018-09-13.
  5. Vaupes - Capitán Paz
  6. (in Spanish) Vaupes Secretary of Education; History of Vaupes
  7. "Reloj de Población". DANE. Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadísitica. Retrieved 6 July 2017.
  8. (in Spanish) Finagro; Vaupes Department

References
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