Der Kampf (magazine)

Der Kampf (German: The Struggle) was a monthly political magazine published in the period between 1907 and 1938. It was first headquartered in Vienna and then in Prague and Brno. It was affiliated with the Austrian Social Democratic Party (SDAP), and its subtitle was Sozialdemokratische Monatsschrift (German: Social democratic monthly).[1]

For the Luxembourgish weekly newspaper, see Der Kampf.

Der Kampf
CategoriesPolitical magazine
FrequencyMonthly
PublisherVerlag der Wiener Volksbuchhandlung
Founded1907
First issueOctober 1907
Final issue1938
CountryAustria
Based in
LanguageGerman
OCLC1716851

History and profile

Der Kampf was launched by the Austrian social democrats, including Otto Bauer, Adolf Braun and Karl Renner in October 1907.[2][3] It was modeled on Die Neue Zeit which had been founded by Karl Kautsky.[3] Its major goal was to provide a platform for the discussions about the theoretical issues and those regarding the Austrian workers' movement.[4] Der Kampf supported modern science and the methods of social research.[5]

The editors of Der Kampf included Otto Bauer, Adolf Braun and Karl Renner.[1][6] It was published by Georg Emmerling on a monthly basis in Vienna until February 1934 when it was banned.[1][6][7]

From 1934 to 1938 Der Kampf was published illegally[1] and was first based in Prague and then in Brno.[6]

Content and contributors

In February 1933 Der Kampf published an exchange between Friedrich Adler and Karl Kautsky about the socialist democracy.[8] Its leading contributors included Max Adler, Friedrich Austerlitz, Robert Danneberg, Julius Deutsch, Wilhelm Ellenbogen, Ludo Hartmann, Rudolf Hilferding, Engelbert Pernerstorfer, Pavel Axelrod, August Bebel, and Emile Vandervelde.[1] A short article on terrorism by Leon Trotsky was also featured in Der Kampf.[1] Otto Bauer published a total of 152 articles in the journal which were mostly concerned with the national and international political events as well as problematic issues regarding the international workers’ movement and the Social Democratic Party.[4] Bauer used various pseudonyms such as Karl Mann and Heinrich Weber, but he also used his name in these articles.[4] One of the articles written by Max Adler was about the effects of the unemployment on the class consciousness of working class.[9]

Julius Braunthal was among the members of the editorial board of Der Kampf.[10] He also contributed to the magazine and published the first article on Fascism entitled "Der Putsch der Fascisten" in November 1922 shortly after the March on Rome, an organized mass demonstration and a coup d'état by Benito Mussolini's National Fascist Party.[11]

References
  1. Eric C. Kollman (1970). "Book review". Austrian History Yearbook. 6: 423–425. doi:10.1017/S0067237800010729. S2CID 143791169.
  2. Leonardo Rapone (2010). "Bauer, Otto". In Silvio Pons; Robert Service (eds.). A Dictionary of 20th-Century Communism. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. p. 45. ISBN 9781400834525.
  3. Astrid von Busekist (2019). "After Empire: Karl Renner's Danubian model of pluralism". Nations and Nationalism. 25 (2): 547. doi:10.1111/nana.12464. S2CID 150161863.
  4. Ewa Czerwińska-Schupp (2017). Otto Bauer (1881–1938). Thinker and Politician. Vol. 121. Leiden; Boston: Brill. p. 15. ISBN 978-90-04-32583-8. JSTOR 10.1163/j.ctt1w76v3b.
  5. Joseph Malherek (2022). Free market socialists. European émigrés who made capitalist culture in America, 1918–1968. Budapest; Vienna; New York: CEU Press. p. 22. ISBN 978-963-386-447-0.
  6. Otto Bauer (2000). The Question of Nationalities and Social Democracy. Minneapolis, MN; London: University of Minnesota Press. p. 462. ISBN 978-0-8166-3265-7.
  7. Anton Holzer (16 March 2019). ""Der Kuckuck", Sprachrohr des "Roten Wien"". Wiener Zeitung. Retrieved 6 July 2023.
  8. Melvin Croan (November 1959). "The Politics of Marxist Sovietology: Otto Bauer's Vision". The Journal of Politics. 24 (1): 588. doi:10.2307/2126856. JSTOR 2126856. S2CID 154184860.
  9. Charles H. Clavey (2021). "Resiliency or Resignation: Paul F. Lazarsfeld, Austro-Marxism, and the Psychology of Unemployment, 1919–1933". Modern Intellectual History. 18 (1): 166. doi:10.1017/S1479244319000192.
  10. Joyce Tsai (2005). "Der Kuckuck and the problem of workers' photography in Austria". History of Photography. 29 (3): 275. doi:10.1080/03087298.2005.10442802. S2CID 154281898.
  11. Gerhard Botz (October 1976). "Austro-Marxist Interpretation of Fascism". Journal of Contemporary History. 11 (4): 130. doi:10.1177/002200947601100408. S2CID 161022112.
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