Sophomore slump

A sophomore slump (also known as a sophomore jinx or sophomore jitters) is when a sophomore fails to live up to the relatively high standards that occurred during freshman year.

For the album, see Sophomore Slump (album).

It is commonly used to refer to the apathy of students (second year of high school, college or university),[1][2] the performance of athletes (second season of play), singers/bands (second album),[3] television shows (second seasons), films and video games (sequels/prequels).

In the United Kingdom, the "sophomore slump" is more commonly referred to as "second year blues", particularly when describing university students. In Australia, it is known as "second year syndrome", and is particularly common when referring to professional athletes who have a mediocre second season following a stellar debut.[4]

The phenomenon of a "sophomore slump" can be explained psychologically, where earlier success has a reducing effect on the subsequent effort, but it can also be explained statistically, as an effect of the regression towards the mean.[5][6]

Industry-specific terms

In music, a similar trend to the sophomore slump is the difficult second album, difficult third album, or second-album syndrome,[7] which is often characterized by struggles in changing musical style. Examples include the Doors' Waiting for the Sun,[8] Joe Jackson's Beat Crazy,[9] Bauhaus' The Sky's Gone Out,[10] and Killing Joke's Revelations.[11] Artists such as Billy Bragg,[12] Dr. Strangely Strange, Black Reindeer, Roddy Ricch' Live Life Fast,[13] and more recently Jack Harlow's Come Home the Kids Miss You [14] have referenced the effect in their respective album titles and artwork. American indie rock band Grandaddy used a double entendre for their second album, titled The Sophtware Slump.

In English football, second season syndrome is the phrase that is used to describe a downturn in fortunes for a football club in its second season after its promotion to the Premier League, particularly if the first season after promotion had brought a strong finish.[15]

See also
  • Howard Wainer (2007), "The Most Dangerous Equation", American Scientist 95

References
  1. Feinstein, Jessica. Sophomore slump sneaks up on students. Archived 2012-09-19 at archive.today Yale Daily News. 25 March 2004.
  2. Henderson, Angela. Sophomore slump afflicts many students. Archived 2011-06-07 at the Wayback Machine The Lantern. 28 May 2008.
  3. Lynskey, Dorian. Are you suffering from DSAS? The Guardian. 19 September 2003.
  4. "Mortimer shakes 'second year syndrome'". ABC News. 6 January 2011. Retrieved 17 December 2014.
  5. Regression Toward the Mean https://onlinestatbook.com/2/regression/regression_toward_mean.html
  6. Investigating Sophomore Slump https://batflipsandnerds.com/2020/03/26/investigating-sophomore-slump/
  7. "It's brilliant second album syndrome". The Irish Times. Retrieved 13 October 2020.
  8. Graff, Gary. "The Doors' Robby Krieger Recalls 'Difficult' Third Album, Shares Rough Mix of 'Spanish Caravan': Exclusive". Billboard. Retrieved 6 May 2020.
  9. Jackson, Joe. "Beat Crazy". joejackson.com.
  10. Rigby, Paul (October 2008). "That Difficult Third Album Syndrome..." Record Collector. Diamond Publishing. Retrieved 25 February 2013.
  11. Ogg, Alex. "Revelations review". AllMusic. Retrieved 1 February 2015.
  12. "Talking with the Taxman About Poetry", Billy Bragg, Elektra 9 60502-1 (1986) LP
  13. Hynes, Hayley (17 December 2021). "Roddy Ricch's "Live Life Fast" Receives Incredibly Mixed Reactions From Listeners". HotNewHipHop. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
  14. "Come Home the Kids Miss You Reviews". Metacritic. 17 December 2021. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
  15. Gandy, Rob (2016). "Second season syndrome". Significance. 13 (3): 26–29. doi:10.1111/j.1740-9713.2016.00916.x. ISSN 1740-9713.
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