doas

doas (“dedicated openbsd application subexecutor”)[3] is a program to execute commands as another user. The system administrator can configure it to give specified users privileges to execute specified commands. It is free and open-source under the ISC license[4] and available in Unix and Unix-like operating systems.

doas
Original author(s)Ted Unangst
Developer(s)OpenBSD Project[1]
Initial release18 October 2015 (2015-10-18)[1]
Stable release
1.98 Edit this on Wikidata[2] / 22 December 2022 (22 December 2022)
Repository
Written inC
TypeSecurity software
LicenseISC license
Websitehttps://man.openbsd.org/doas

doas was developed by Ted Unangst for OpenBSD as a simpler and safer sudo replacement.[5][6] Unangst himself had issues with the default sudo config, which was his motivation to develop doas.[3]

doas was originally developed by Ted Unangst[7] and was released with OpenBSD 5.8 in October 2015 replacing sudo.[1] However, OpenBSD still provides sudo as a package.[1]

Configuration

Definition of privileges should be written in the configuration file, /etc/doas.conf.[8] The syntax used in the configuration file is inspired by the packet filter configuration file.[3]

Examples

Allow user1 to execute procmap as root without password:

permit nopass user1 as root cmd /usr/sbin/procmap

Allow members of the wheel group to run any command as root:

permit :wheel as root

Simpler version (only works if default user is root (after install it is)):

permit :wheel

To allow members of wheel group to run any command (default as root) and remember that they entered the password:

permit persist :wheel

Ports and availability

Jesse Smith’s[9] port of doas is packaged for DragonFlyBSD,[10] FreeBSD,[11] and NetBSD.[12] According to the author, it also works on illumos and macOS.[13] OpenDoas, a Linux port, is packaged for Debian, Alpine, Arch, CRUX, Fedora, Gentoo, GNU Guix, Hyperbola, Manjaro, Parabola, NixOS, Ubuntu, and Void Linux.[14] Starting with Alpine Linux v3.16 release, OpenDoas became the suggested replacement for sudo, which got its security maintenance time reduced within the distribution.[15]

See also

References
  1. "OpenBSD 5.8". www.openbsd.org. Archived from the original on 2021-05-17. Retrieved 2020-05-06.
  2. "src/usr.bin/doas/doas.c - view - 1.98". 2022-12-22. Retrieved 2023-07-22.
  3. "doas - dedicated openbsd application subexecutor". flak.tedunangst.com. Retrieved 2022-01-01.
  4. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2021-03-03. Retrieved 2021-09-29.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  5. Yegulalp, Serdar (2016-07-25). "OpenBSD 6.0 tightens security by losing Linux compatibility". InfoWorld. Archived from the original on 2021-07-25. Retrieved 2020-05-06.
  6. Millman, Rene (18 October 2019). "Linux Sudo bug could allow hackers root access". SC Media UK. SC Media UK. Archived from the original on 2021-09-29. Retrieved 2020-05-06.
  7. doas(1) – OpenBSD General Commands Manual
  8. "Privileges | OpenBSD Handbook". www.openbsdhandbook.com. Archived from the original on 2021-03-03. Retrieved 2020-05-06.
  9. "Slicer69 (Jesse Smith) · GitHub". GitHub. Archived from the original on 2021-08-31. Retrieved 2020-05-06.
  10. "DPorts/Security/Doas at master · DragonFlyBSD/DPorts · GitHub". GitHub. Archived from the original on 2021-03-03. Retrieved 2020-08-24.
  11. "[ports] Log of /Head/Security/Doas/PKG-descr". Archived from the original on 2021-09-29. Retrieved 2020-08-24.
  12. "The NetBSD Packages Collection: security/doas". ftp.netbsd.org. Archived from the original on 2021-09-29. Retrieved 2020-05-06.
  13. Smith, Jesse. "doas". GitHub. Archived from the original on 2021-04-27. Retrieved 2020-08-24.
  14. "opendoas". repology.org. Archived from the original on 2021-03-03. Retrieved 2020-08-24.
  15. "Alpine 3.16.0 released". alpinelinux.org. Retrieved 2023-06-10.
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