Donax trunculus

The truncate donax,[1] abrupt wedge shell, wedge clam or coquina clam[2] (Donax trunculus), is a bivalve species in the family Donacidae.

Wedge clam on the beach

Donax trunculus
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Order: Cardiida
Family: Donacidae
Genus: Donax
Species:
D. trunculus
Binomial name
Donax trunculus

It is native to the Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts of western Europe,[1] as well as the Red sea,[3] where it is consumed as a food. The wedge clam prefers to live at depths of 0-2m and in clean, fine, and well sorted sand.[3] These clams are efficient and rapid burrowers, and their survival relies heavily on the composition of the sand they burrow in.[3] Their burrowing times vary based on the coarseness of the sand, which reflects their prevalence in these fine-sanded environments.[4] The wedge clam is a popular food item for human consumption, but can carry heavy metals and hydrocarbon contaminations.[5] As they are commonly consumed raw or lightly cooked, these contaminants are commonly present at the time of consumption.[5] Despite this, the wedge clam is an efficient bioindicator of heavy metals and hydrocarbon contaminants in their environment.[5]

  • Donax trunculus trunculusright valve
    Donax trunculus trunculus
    right valve
  • Donax trunculus trunculusleft valve
    Donax trunculus trunculus
    left valve
  • Donax trunculus trunculus var. flaveolusright valve
    Donax trunculus trunculus var. flaveolus
    right valve
  • Donax trunculus trunculus var. flaveolusleft valve
    Donax trunculus trunculus var. flaveolus
    left valve
  • Donax trunculus trunculus var. subplanusright valve
    Donax trunculus trunculus var. subplanus
    right valve
  • Donax trunculus trunculus var. subplanusleft valve
    Donax trunculus trunculus var. subplanus
    left valve
  • Donax trunculus adriaticusright valve
    Donax trunculus adriaticus
    right valve
  • Donax trunculus adriaticusleft valve
    Donax trunculus adriaticus
    left valve
  • Donax trunculus anatinusright valve
    Donax trunculus anatinus
    right valve
  • Donax trunculus anatinusleft valve
    Donax trunculus anatinus
    left valve

Names in other languages

It is locally known as flion, flion tronqué, olive de mer, haricot de mer or telline (among other names) in French,[6][2][7] lagagnon in the area of Arcaishon and Les Landes,[7] cadelucha in the Bayonne region,[8] which coincides with the Basque name of kadeluxa; tellin, tellina, telline, tenille or truille[8] in the Occitan-speaking area of the Mediterranean, tellina or arsella in Italian, tellerina, tellina or escopinya francesa in Catalan (the latter variant used on Menorca),[9][2][10][11][12][13][14] jòcula cautxa in Catalan of the Alguerès variant,[15] coquina truncada or coquina in Spanish,[6][16][17][13]cadelucha, coquina or navalliña in Galician, conquilha or cadelinha in Portuguese and Um El-Kholol in Egyptian Arabic, etc. In Australia, a very similar shellfish is locally known as "Pippies".

References
  1. "Donax trunculus" at the Encyclopedia of Life, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian, USA. [Consulted 27-09-2021].
  2. "Donax trunculus", TermCat. [Consulted 27-09-2021].
  3. "Donax trunculus, Truncate Donax". www.sealifebase.ca. Retrieved 2021-10-26.
  4. Gosling, EM (2015). Marine bivalve molluscs. John Wiley and Sons.
  5. Heiba, Fadia; Nassef, Mohamed; Mona, Mahy; El−Rasheedy, Israa. "The Depuration Effect on Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbons Contamination Levels in Donax trunculus and Its Influence on The Expression of Oxidative Stress-Related Genes: تأثيره على (Donax trunculus) تأثير التنقية على التلوث بالمعادن الثقيلة والهيدروكربونات الكلية في أم الخلول تعبيرات الجينات المرتبطة بالإجهاد التأكسدي". Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. B, Zoology. 13: Winter/Spring 2021 (1): 77–89. doi:10.21608/EAJBSZ.2021.153758. S2CID 233293667.
  6. "Donax trunculus", SeaLifeBase. [Consulted 27-09-2021].
  7. "Donax trunculus - Flion tronqué" (in French), DORIS (Données d'Observations pour la Reconnaissance et l'Identification de la faune et la flore Subaquatiques). [Consulted 27-09-2021].
  8. "Animals sedentaris, noms viatgers", Llengua ligur i altres llengües del nord d'Itàlia, 13 June 2012, with an excerpt from Trésor de la Langue Française, which in turn cites Les algues et invertébrés marins despêches françaises (1992).
  9. Lloris, Domènec and Messeguer, Sergi: Recursos Marins del Mediterrani. Fauna i Flora del Mar Català (in Catalan), Generalitat de Catalunya, Departament d'Agricultura, Ramaderia i Pesca, 2000, 2a edició 2002, p. 180.
  10. "Tellerina" in Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana. [Consulted 27-09-2021].
  11. "Tellerina" in Diccionari normatiu valencià. [Consulted 27-09-2021].
  12. "Donax trunculus" (in Catalan), Museu de la Pesca, Palamós. [Consulted 27-09-2021].
  13. "Els noms dels peixos i mariscs" (in Catalan), Universitat de les Illes Balears. [Consulted 27-09-2021].
  14. "Productes marins rars de la Costa Brava" (in Catalan), Jaume Fàbrega, Revista de Girona, No. 183, July–August 1997, p. 31.
  15. Corbera Pou, Jaume: "Jòcula cauxta (plana, llisa i petita)" in Caracterització del lèxic alguerès. Contribució al coneixement del lèxic alguerès modern, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 2000, 325 pages, p. 92.
  16. "Donax trunculus" (in Spanish), ICTIOTERM database Andalucía. [Consulted 27-09-2021].
  17. "Donax trunculus" (in Spanish), Asturnatura. [Consulted 27-09-2021].

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