Dorothea Crittenden

Dorothea Crittenden (30 April 1915 – 6 December 2008) was a Canadian deputy minister for the Ministry of Community and Social Services from 1974 to 1978. With this position, Crittenden was the first female in Ontario to become a deputy minister. Before her deputy position, Crittenden was with the Department of Public Welfare where she helped with the creation of the General Welfare Assistance Act for Ontario and the Canada Assistance Plan between the 1950s and 1960s. After leaving the ministry, Crittenden was the first female to become chair of the Ontario Human Rights Commission from 1978 to 1981. Between the 1980s and 1990s, Crittenden worked for the Ontario Nursing Home Complaints Committee as their chair and was a government consultant.

Early life and education

Crittenden was born on 30 April 1915 in Blyth, Ontario.[1] During her childhood, Crittenden worked as a babysitter throughout the Great Depression and lived with her parents in St. Thomas, Ontario.[2] For her education, Crittenden went to London Normal School for teacher training.[3] During the 1930s, Crittenden attended Alma College for secretarial courses and studied social science at the University of Toronto.[2]

Career

Early career and government positions

In 1932, Crittenden went to Dryden, Ontario, and worked as a teacher.[2] As a mail order employee, Crittenden held a summer job with Eaton's during the early 1930s.[4] In 1937, Crittenden joined the Department of Public Welfare section of the Government of Ontario.[3] At the beginning of her governmental career, Crittenden held administrative positions before becoming a statistician.[5]

After becoming the first female personnel director for Ontario at the start of the 1950s, Crittenden was hired as an executive assistant at the end of the 1950s.[6] Between the 1950s and 1960s, Crittenden helped create the General Welfare Assistance Act for the province of Ontario and the Canada Assistance Plan.[2] Between 1967 and 1974, Crittenden worked as an assistant deputy minister.[6] For six years during this period, the Department of Public Welfare was known as the Department of Social and Family Services before becoming the Ministry of Community and Social Services.[7]

Crittenden worked in finance while in her assistant deputy minister position before becoming deputy minister in 1974.[8] Upon holding this position for the Community and Social Services ministry, Crittenden became the first female in Ontario to become a deputy minister.[9] While starting her tenure, Crittenden decided to drive an Oldsmobile while working for half a year instead of an executive car.[10] By the end of her deputy minister position in 1978, Crittenden was the only woman to hold this role for Ontario.[11]

Human rights and other positions

In January 1978, Crittenden was the first female chosen by the Ontario Human Rights Commission to become their chair. She was selected to replace Thomas Symons.[12] Before becoming part of the OHRC, Crittenden had planned to continue her career in civil service and leave her deputy minister position.[13] Upon the announcement, Bruce McLeod left the OHRC upon Crittenden's hiring.[14] McLeod and Stephen Lewis believed Crittenden was "a low-profile career civil servant" and should have not been selected.[15]

While working as the commission's chair in February 1978, Crittenden opined that reactions to the murder of Emanuel Jaques would prevent the public from agreeing to make discrimination against homosexuals illegal under the Ontario Human Rights Code. Crittenden also said adding rights for homosexuals under the code could be revisited in the future.[16] When a 1980 affirmative action Ontario Human Rights Code policy to address employment discrimination against minority groups was created, Crittenden stated that a "quota system is the simplest way to correct past discrimination, but not necessarily the fairest".[17]

Crittenden remained in her executive position with the OHRC until 1981.[18] After leaving the OHRC, Crittenden was a government consultant for the province from the 1980s to 1990s, while also working for the Ontario Nursing Home Complaints Committee as their chair.[2] Her committee released a summary of findings in 1986 on visits to over 180 Ontarian nursing homes.[19]

Death

Crittenden died on 6 December 2008 in Toronto.[3]

References
  1. Goar, Carol (27 April 2005). "Strong woman in a man's world". The Toronto Star. p. A24.
  2. Abbate, Gay (24 December 2008). "Canada's first woman deputy minister reformed welfare and social assistance". The Globe and Mail. p. S6.
  3. Bunnell, Eric (2 January 2009). "Dr. Crittenden rose to the occasion". St. Thomas Times-Journal. p. 5.
  4. Stapleton, John; Laframboise, Catherine, eds. (January 2007). "Coming of age in a man's world. Life, times and wisdom of Dorothea Crittenden: Canada's first woman deputy minister" (PDF). Open Policy Ontario. p. 1. Retrieved 23 July 2022.
  5. Kirkland, Bruce (9 February 1974). "First woman hits the heights in Ontario--she's deputy minister". The Toronto Star. p. B5.
  6. "First woman named as deputy minister". The Globe and Mail. 17 January 1974. p. W7.
  7. Little, Margaret Jane Hillyard (1998). 'No Car, No Radio, No Liquor Permit' The Moral Regulation of Single Mothers in Ontario, 1980—1997. Toronto and New York: Oxford University Press. p. 141. ISBN 0195411501. Retrieved August 20, 2022.
  8. "First woman deputy minister". The Whig-Standard. Canadian Press. January 17, 1974. p. Twenty-Three.
  9. Fraser, Judy (July 20, 1974). "Wanted: women's advocates throughout gov't". The Ottawa Journal. p. 23.
  10. "Deputy minister fails to beat the system". The Globe and Mail. July 26, 1976. p. 5.
  11. Wright, Lisa (10 September 1995). "Now Queen's Park really is pink palace". Toronto Star. p. F 5.
  12. "Woman heads Rights Commission". The Ottawa Journal. 10 January 1978. p. 4.
  13. "Appointment draws mixed reaction". The Daily Herald-Tribune. Grande Prairie, Alberta. Canadian Press. January 11, 1978. p. 6.
  14. "Resigns over appointment". The Ottawa Journal. 16 January 1978. p. 15.
  15. "Human rights head likes the challenge". The Leader-Post. Canadian Press. 28 February 1978. p. 22.
  16. Worthington, Helen (24 February 1978). "At age 62 she picks a hot seat: Human rights". The Toronto Star. p. C1.
  17. Lockhart, Kerra (27 November 1980). "Job quotas?". The Citizen. Ottawa, Ontario. p. 1.
  18. "Chairman named". The Expositior. Canadian Press. 15 December 1981. p. 5.
  19. "Crackdown promised after complaints made". The Nugget. North Bay. Canadian Press. 10 September 1986. p. 2.
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