DP World

Dubai Ports International (DPI) was founded in 1999.[3] Its first project was at Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, collaborating with a local partner on the South Container Terminal (SCT). DPI then began operations at the ports of Djibouti in 2000, Vizag, India in 2002 and Constanța, Romania in 2003.[3] In January 2005, DPI acquired CSX World Terminals (CSX WT).[4] It was later, in September 2005 that Dubai Ports International officially merged with the Dubai Ports Authority to form DP World.[5] The rapid expansion through acquisition continued in March 2006 when DP World purchased the fourth largest ports operator in the world, P&O for £3.9 billion.

The ownership of various US ports by DP World (which had been acquired as part of the P&O deal) was seen as highly controversial by many in the United States even though it was supported by the US president George W. Bush; the US ports were sold shortly afterwards.

P&O operated major US port facilities in New York, New Jersey, Philadelphia, Baltimore, New Orleans, and Miami. Before the deal was secured, the arrangement was reviewed by the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States headed by the US Treasury Department and including the Departments of State, Commerce, and Homeland Security. It was given the green light, but soon after, both Democratic and Republican members of Congress expressed concern over the potential negative impact the deal would have on port security.

On 22 February 2006, President George W. Bush threatened to veto any legislation passed by Congress to block the deal, which would be the first time in his presidency he would exercise the privilege. In a statement to reporters, Bush claimed, "It would send a terrible signal to friends and allies not to let this transaction go through."[6] On 23 February 2006, DP World volunteered to postpone its takeover of significant operations at the seaports and on 9 March 2006, is said that it would transfer its operations of American ports to a "US entity".[7]

The United States House of Representatives held a vote on 16 March 2006 on legislation that would have blocked the DP World deal, with 348 members voting for blocking the deal, and 71 voting against.[8] DP World later sold P&O's American operations to American International Group's asset management division, Global Investment Group for an undisclosed sum.[9]

In August 2006, DP World signed an agreement with the Port Qasim Authority, to invest in a new container terminal at Port Muhammad Qasim near Karachi and announced that it was in discussions with the Pakistani Government about the development of a container terminal at Gwadar in Balochistan.[10] DP World had been favourite to win the Gwadar concession, but withdrew from the bidding.[11] Gwadar Port was subsequently awarded to PSA (Port of Singapore Authority) and opened in March 2007.[12]

In June 2007 the company raised $3.25 billion in Islamic and conventional bond sales to refinance existing debt and fund expansion[13] and issued 3.818 billion shares, representing 20% of the company on the NASDAQ Dubai stock exchange in November 2007 in what was the Middle East's largest initial public offering (IPO) which raised 4.96 billion dollars.[14]

By 2008 the company was handing 46.8 million TEU worldwide, up 8% on 2007, with expansion and development projects in India, China, the Middle East, and elsewhere. Capacity was expected to rise to around 95 million TEU over the next ten years.[3]

In December 2009 Moody's downgraded DP World's financial status to junk after the Dubai 2009 debt standstill.[15]

DP World's English logo from 2016 until 2021

In the second quarter of 2010 DP World gave the go-ahead for construction of the £1.5 billion London Gateway port.[16][17] Work started in February 2010[18] with the port due to open in the fourth quarter of 2013. By April 2011, Moody's upgraded DP World's financial status to 'investment grade'.[19] Since December 2010, DP World has undertaken a series of asset disposals, exiting markets where it does not have a significant presence and seeking to redeploy funds in fast-growing markets.[20]

On 20 February 2019, DP World announced it had repurchased P&O Ferries from Dubai World in a £322m deal.[21]

In March 2021, the company said that, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, it had witnessed a drop of its profits by 29% comparing to 2019.[22]

In May 2021, Abdulla Bin Damithan was appointed as CEO and managing director of UAE business.[23]

In October 2021, coinciding with the launch of Expo 2020, DP World unveiled its new corporate identity.[24] DP World is an official premier partner of Expo 2020.

On 17 March 2022, P&O Ferries sacked its entire British work force and abruptly suspended its operations, cancelling all sailings and offloading passengers and cargo. Eight hundred UK staff were told in a video call that their employment was "terminated with immediate effect due to redundancy", and that their work would in future be undertaken by staff contracted to a third-party supplier. A spokesman for the National Union of Rail, Maritime and Transport Workers said that there had been no consultation with the staff or trade unions.[25] Staff on some ferries refused to leave their vessels. Some replacement staff, unaware of the circumstances or location of their deployment, declined to work,[26] and a recruitment agency who supplied replacement staff said that they were unaware of the plans.[27]

The method of the expulsion, overseen by ex-military security guards, has been criticised by government and business leaders, and Mark Russell, a non-executive director of DP World, resigned afterwards in disagreement. P&O Ferries had recently seen losses during the COVID-19 pandemic as well as deficits in its pension fund. Industry sources have also cited its high overheads and competition from Irish Ferries as contributory factors. Verity Slater, expert in maritime employment law at Stephens Scown, commented that P&O may not have to follow UK employment laws, since some of its ships are not registered in Britain.[28]

DP World has been certified as a partner in the Customs-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism (C‑TPAT) initiative by US Customs and Border Protection – to date, the only international port operator to have achieved this recognition. This certification is primarily based on DP World's commitment to the independently audited international ISO 28000 security standards. DP World was the first global maritime terminal operator to achieve ISO 28000 supply chain security certification and is rolling out the standard to all its terminals.[31]

In June 2012, DP World convened the second high-level, public-private counterpiracy conference, in Dubai.[32] The Washington Post reported "Diplomats and business leaders...are pushing for stronger partnerships between the public and private sectors in combating piracy off the coast of Somalia".[33]

The April 2011 conference was the first time companies rather than governments had contributed financial support to the UN counter-piracy trust fund.[34] The inaugural conference was attended by more than 65 governments and representatives of international organisations, including the United Nations[35] and more than 120 leaders from maritime industry related companies.

New DP World Berbera Container Terminal Port.

In 2016 a US$442 million agreement was reached between DP World and the government of Somaliland.[36] The deal involves enhancing and operating the regional trade and logistics hub at the Port of Berbera.[37] The project, which will be phased in, will also involve the setting up of a free zone.

On 1 March 2018, Ethiopia became a major shareholder following an agreement with DP World and the Somaliland Port Authority. DP World holds a 51% stake in the project, Somaliland 30% and Ethiopia the remaining 19%. As part of the agreement, the government of Ethiopia will invest in infrastructure to develop the Berbera Corridor as a trade gateway for the inland country, which is one of the fastest-growing countries in the world. There are also plans to construct an additional berth at the Port of Berbera, in line with the Berbera master plan which DP World has started implementing, while adding new equipment to further improve the efficiencies and productivity of the port.[38]

The agreement comes as part of a larger government-to-government memorandum of understanding between the Government of the United Arab Emirates and the Government of Somaliland to further strengthen their strategic ties.[39] Somalia's attempts to obstruct and block the deal were frustrated and failed to stop the project from commencing.[40]

On 3 January 2022, construction began on the US$1.13 billion deep-water port at Ndayane, around 50 km (31 miles) south of the Senegalese capital Dakar, when President Macky Sall laid the foundation stone. DP World Dakar is a joint venture between DP World and the Port Authority of Dakar. The first phase of the project will include 840 metres of quay and a 5 kilometres marine channel designed to handle 366-metre vessels. The second phase will add 410 metres of container quay and further dredging to handle 400-metre vessels.[41]

Because of company's continued business with Russia amid Russian invasion of Ukraine, DP World is listed among International Sponsors of War by Ukrainian National Agency on Corruption Prevention.[42]