List of early Lithuanian dukes

Vykintas, one of the early Samogitian dukes, as depicted by Alexander Guagnini

• Žvelgaitis (Svelgates) – earliest known duke. In 1205, he attacked Riga and was killed in the battle, led by ruler of Semigallia, Vester.[1][2]
• Daugirutis (Dangerutis, Dangeruthe) – Livonians imprisoned this Lithuanian duke in 1213, where he killed himself.[3]
• Stekšys (Stakys, Steksė) – another powerful duke, killed in 1214 near Lielvārde.[4]
• Father of Mindaugas – several sources mention that he was a powerful duke, but do not give his name. 16th century genealogies gave him the name of Ryngold or Ringaudas.[5][6]
• The following Lithuanian dukes signed a peace treaty with the rulers of Galicia–Volhynia in 1219:[7]
  • Duke elders
    • Živinbudas (presumably the eldest duke)[8]
    • Daujotas[9]
    • Dausprungas[10]
    • Mindaugas (brother of Dausprungas)[11]
    • Vilikaila or Viligaila (brother of Daujotas)[12]
  • Rulers of Samogitia
    • Erdvilas[13]
    • Vykintas[14]
  • Ruškaičiai family[15]
    • Kintibutas[15]
    • Vembutas[15]
    • Butautas[15]
    • Vyžeitis[15]
    • Velžys (son of Vyžeitis)[15]
    • Kitenis[15]
    • Plikienė (wife of Plikys, probably a widow)[15][16]
  • Bulionys family (three brothers, all of them killed by Mindaugas)[17]
    • Vismantas (his wife was taken by Mindaugas for himself)[17]
    • Gedvilas[17]
    • Sprudeikis[17]
  • Rulers of the duchy of Deltuva
    • Juodikis[18]
    • Buteikis[19]
    • Bikšys[20]
    • Ligeikis[21]

Of the dukes who signed the peace treaty, only four are mentioned in other written sources: Mindaugas, who went on to become the Grand Duke of Lithuania and was crowned as King of Lithuania in 1253, Vykintas, leader of anti-Mindaugas coalition during the civil war in 1248–1251, Bikšys and Ligeikis, both identified as Mindaugas relatives and nobles, mentioned in a document, dated 1260 and sometimes considered a forgery.[22][23]

• Palemonids – a list of early mythological rulers of Lithuania
• List of Lithuanian rulers
• List of Lithuanian monarchs

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