Etchmiadzin uezd

The Etchmiadzin uezd[lower-alpha 1] was a county (uezd) of the Erivan Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. The uezd bordered the Alexandropol uezd to the north, the Nor Bayazet uezd to the east, Erivan uezd to the north, the Surmalu uezd to the south, and the Kars Oblast to the west. It included all of the Armavir Province and most of the Aragatsotn Province of present-day Armenia. The administrative centre of the county was Vagorshapat (Vagharshapat), also referred to as Etchmiadzin—the administrative capital of the Armenian Apostolic Church.[2]

Etchmiadzin uezd
Эчміадзинскій уѣздъ
Uezd
Coat of arms of Etchmiadzin uezd
Coat of arms
Location in the Erivan Governorate
Location in the Erivan Governorate
CountryRussian Empire
ViceroyaltyCaucasus
GovernorateErivan
Established1849
Abolished1930
CapitalVagorshapat
(present-day Vagharshapat)
Area
 • Total3,684.36 km2 (1,422.54 sq mi)
Population
 (1916)
 • Total167,786
 • Density46/km2 (120/sq mi)
 • Rural
100.00%

Administrative divisions

The subcounties (uchastoks) of the Etchmiadzin uezd in 1913 were as follows:[3]

Name 1912 population Area
1-y uchastok (1-й участокъ) 35,411 820.62 square versts (933.92 km2; 360.59 sq mi)
2-y uchastok (2-й участокъ) 56,711 431.09 square versts (490.61 km2; 189.42 sq mi)
3-y uchastok (3-й участокъ) 31,332 982.43 square versts (1,118.07 km2; 431.69 sq mi)
4-y uchastok (4-й участокъ) 33,469 1,003.26 square versts (1,141.77 km2; 440.84 sq mi)

Demographics

Russian Empire Census

According to the Russian Empire Census, the Etchmiadzin uezd had a population of 124,237 on 28 January [O.S. 15 January] 1897, including 65,072 men and 59,165 women. The majority of the population indicated Armenian to be their mother tongue, with significant Tatar[lower-alpha 2] and Kurdish speaking minorities.[6]

Linguistic composition of the Etchmiadzin uezd in 1897[6]
Language Native speakers %
Armenian77,57262.44
Tatar[lower-alpha 2]35,99928.98
Kurdish9,7247.83
Tat4390.35
Assyrian1980.16
Russian940.08
Ukrainian810.07
Georgian510.04
Jewish270.02
Turkish90.01
Persian80.01
Polish80.01
Greek50.00
German20.00
Other200.02
TOTAL 124,237 100.00

Kavkazskiy kalendar

According to the 1917 publication of Kavkazskiy kalendar, the Etchmiadzin uezd had a population of 167,786 on 14 January [O.S. 1 January] 1916, including 86,716 men and 81,070 women, 148,794 of whom were the permanent population, and 18,992 were temporary residents. The statistics indicated an overwhelmingly Armenian population with sizeable Shia Muslim and Kurdish minorities:[7]

Nationality Number %
Armenians115,02668.56
Shia Muslims[lower-alpha 3]41,31024.62
Kurds9,6535.75
Yazidis1,1180.67
Roma4100.24
Asiatic Christians1860.11
Jews420.03
Russians410.02
TOTAL 167,786 100.00

Notes
  2. Before 1918, Azerbaijanis were generally known as "Tatars". This term, employed by the Russians, referred to Turkic-speaking Muslims of the South Caucasus. After 1918, with the establishment of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and "especially during the Soviet era", the Tatar group identified itself as "Azerbaijani".[4][5]
  3. Primarily Tatars.[8]

References
  1. Sâmî, Şemseddîn (1889). قاموس الاعلام: تاریخ و جغرافیا لغاتنی و تعبیر اصحله كافه اسماء خاصه‌یی جامعدر (in Ottoman Turkish). Mihran Matbaası. pp. 840–841 – via Google Books.
  2. Tsutsiev 2014, p. 59.
  3. Кавказский календарь на 1913 год, pp. 172–179.
  4. Bournoutian 2018, p. 35 (note 25).
  5. Tsutsiev 2014, p. 50.
  6. "Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей". www.demoscope.ru. Retrieved 2022-03-26.
  7. Кавказский календарь на 1917 год, pp. 214–221.
  8. Hovannisian 1971, p. 67.

Bibliography

40°10′22″N 44°17′33″E


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