Eclipta prostrata

Eclipta prostrata, commonly known as false daisy, yerba de tago, guntagalagara aaku, Karisalankanni, and bhringraj, is a species of plant in the family Asteraceae. It is widespread across much of the world.[3][4][5]

"E. alba" redirects here. For the bat, see Ectophylla alba.

Eclipta prostrata
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Eclipta
Species:
E. prostrata
Binomial name
Eclipta prostrata
Synonyms
Synonymy
  • Verbesina prostrata L.
  • Eclipta undulata Willd.
  • Eclipta patula Schrad. ex DC.
  • Micrelium tolak Forssk.
  • Cotula oederi Murray
  • Eclipta longifolia Schrad. ex DC.
  • Eclipta dichotoma Raf.
  • Eclipta zippeliana Blume
  • Spilanthes pseudo-acmella (L.) Murray
  • Eclipta philippinensis Gand.
  • Eclipta ciliata Raf.
  • Eclipta heterophylla Bartl.
  • Cotula prostrata (L.) L.
  • Verbesina pseudoacmella L.
  • Eclipta brachypoda Michx.
  • Galinsoga oblonga DC.
  • Verbesina conyzoides Trew
  • Amellus carolinianus Walter
  • Anthemis viridis Blanco
  • Anthemis cotula-foetida Crantz
  • Eupatoriophalacron album (L.) Hitchc.
  • Eclipta oederi (Murray) Weigel
  • Eclipta linearis Otto ex Sweet
  • Buphthalmum diffusum Vahl ex DC.
  • Eclipta punctata L.
  • Bellis ramosa Jacq.
  • Eclipta simplex Raf.
  • Eclipta procumbens Michx.
  • Eclipta tinctoria Raf.
  • Verbesina alba L.
  • Eleutheranthera prostrata (L.) Sch.Bip.
  • Eclipta palustris DC.
  • Acmella lanceolata Link ex Spreng.
  • Eclipta strumosa Salisb.
  • Eclipta nutans Raf.
  • Eclipta dubia Raf.
  • Eclipta sulcata Raf.
  • Eclipta dentata B.Heyne ex Wall.
  • Eclipta marginata Boiss.
  • Eclipta spicata Spreng.
  • Chamaemelum foetidum Baumg.
  • Eclipta patula Schrad.
  • Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk.
  • Cotula alba (L.) L.
  • Wilborgia oblongifolia Hook.
  • Anthemis cotuloides Raf. ex DC.
  • Ecliptica alba (L.) Kuntze
  • Eclipta arabica Steud.
  • Grangea lanceolata Poir.
  • Galinsoga oblongifolia (Hook.) DC.
  • Eclipta adpressa Moench
  • Eclipta erecta L.
  • Wedelia psammophila Poepp.
  • Artemisia viridis Blanco
  • Chamaemelum foetidum Garsault
  • Eclipta flexuosa Raf.
  • Bellis racemosa Steud.
  • Anthemis sulphurea Wall. ex Nyman
  • Eclipta thermalis Bunge
  • Eclipta marginata Steud.
  • Polygyne inconspicua Phil.
  • Eclipta parviflora Wall. ex DC.
  • Eclipta angustifolia C.Presl
  • Paleista brachypoda (Michx.) Raf.
  • Eclipta longifolia Schrad.
  • Anthemis cotula Blanco
  • Anthemis abyssinica J.Gay ex A.Rich.
  • Eclipta hirsuta Bartl.

This plant has cylindrical, grayish roots. Solid, circular, purplish stems with white fine hairs 0.8m. Leaves arranged in opposite pairs, hairy in two-sided, lanceolate, serrated 2–12.5 cm long, 5-35 mm wide. The solitary flower heads are 6–8 mm (0.24–0.31 in) in diameter, with white florets. The bumpy achenes are compressed and narrowly winged.[6]

in Kerala, India

This species grows commonly in moist places in warm temperate to tropical areas worldwide. It is widely distributed throughout India, Nepal, China, Thailand, Bangladesh and Brazil.

Traditional uses
Flower of Eclipta prostrata
Seed of Eclipta prostrata, closeup view

The plant has traditional uses in Ayurveda. In India, it is known as bhangra or bhringaraj. Wedelia calendulacea is known by the same names, so the white-flowered E. alba is called white bhangra and the yellow-flowered W. calendulacea is called yellow bhangra.[7]

In Southeast Asia, the dried whole plant is used in traditional medicine,[8] although there is no high-quality clinical research to indicate such uses are effective. The Balinese cook it as a vegetable, the Javanese consume this herb (orang-aring or urang-aring) as part of their lalap, they also infuse it with coconut oil as a kind of hair oil popular until the 1970s[9] Its leaves are extracted as a black hair dye, and in tattooing.[10]

Phytochemistry

Eclipta prostrata contains various phytochemicals, such as coumestans, polypeptides, polyacetylenes, thiophene derivatives, steroids, sterols, triterpenes, and flavonoids.[11]

References
  1. Lansdown, R.V.; Beentje, H.J. (2017). "Eclipta prostrata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T164051A121894451. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T164051A121894451.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  2. "Eclipta prostrata (L.) L." The Plant List version 1.1. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
  3. Flora of North America, Eclipta Linnaeus, Mant. Pl. 157, 286. 1771.
  4. Flora of China, 鳢肠 li chang Eclipta prostrata (Linnaeus) Linnaeus, Mant. Pl. 2: 286. 1771.
  5. Altervista Flora Italiana, Falsa margherita , false daisy, tattoo plant, Eclipta prostrata (L.) L.
  6. Steenis, CGGJ van (1981). Flora, untuk sekolah di Indonesia. PT Pradnya Paramita, Jakarta. pp. 423-424
  7. Puri, H. S. 2003. Rasayana: Ayurvedic Herbs for Longevity and Rejuvenation. Taylor & Francis, London. pages 80–85.
  8. Nantana Sittichai; Chayan Picheansoothon, eds. (2014). Herbal Medicines Used in Primary Health Care in ASEAN. Department for Development of Thai Traditional and Alternative Medicine. pp. 148–149. ISBN 9786161122119.
  9. Heyne, Karel (1987). Tumbuhan Berguna Indonesia, vol. 3: p. 1833. Yayasan Sarana Wana Jaya, Jakarta
  10. Jukema, J., N.Wulijarni-Soetjipto, R.H.M.J. Lemmens & J.W.Hildebrand (1991). Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk. Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine Internet Record from Proseabase. Lemmens, R.H.M.J. and Wulijarni-Soetjipto, N. (Editors). PROSEA (Plant Resources of South-East Asia) Foundation, Bogor, Indonesia
  11. Chung, I. M; Rajakumar, G; Lee, J. H; Kim, S. H; Thiruvengadam, M (2017). "Ethnopharmacological uses, phytochemistry, biological activities, and biotechnological applications of Eclipta prostrata". Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 101 (13): 5247–5257. doi:10.1007/s00253-017-8363-9. PMID 28623383. S2CID 9288894.

Further reading
  • Everitt, J.H.; Lonard, R.L.; Little, C.R. (2007). Weeds in South Texas and Northern Mexico. Lubbock: Texas Tech University Press. ISBN 0-89672-614-2
  • Caldecott, Todd (2006). Ayurveda: The Divine Science of Life. Elsevier/Mosby. ISBN 0-7234-3410-7.
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