Eduardo Wandenkolk

Eduardo Wandenkolk was a Brazilian Rear-Admiral and politician of Dutch descent who participated in the Revolta da Armada against the new First Brazilian Republic as well as the Minister of the Navy of the government of Deodoro da Fonseca and Floriano Peixoto.

Eduardo Wandenkolk
Minister of the Navy
In office
15 November 1889 – 22 January 1891
PresidentDeodoro da Fonseca
Preceded byJosé da Costa Azevedo
Succeeded byFortunato Foster Vidal
Personal details
Born(1838-06-29)June 29, 1838
Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Empire of Brazil
DiedOctober 4, 1902(1902-10-04) (aged 64)
Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Resting placeSão João Batista Cemetery, Rio de Janeiro
Military service
Allegiance Empire of Brazil
 First Brazilian Republic
Branch Imperial Brazilian Navy
 Brazilian Navy
Years of service1853 – 1902
RankRear-Admiral
Battles/warsParaguayan War Brazilian naval revolts

Biography

Early Military Career

Eduardo was born on June 29, 1838, as the son of José Eduardo Wandenkolk and Don Martina Gomensoro Wandenkolk. On March 1, 1853, he joined the Imperial Brazilian Navy as a midshipsman when he was only 14.[1][2] He was promoted to 2nd Lieutenant on June 11, 1858, and later to 1st Lieutenant on June 11, 1858. After his promotion to captain on April 12, 1868, he participated in the Paraguayan War.[1][2] For his service in the war, Eduardo Wandenkolk was decorated with the silver medals of the Eastern Campaign for his participation at the Siege of Uruguaiana and the Passage of Humaitá.[1] On November 17, 1875, he was promoted to frigate captain and took command of the Port Authority in the province of Rio Grande do Sul.[1]

He later joined the Club Militar which conspired against the Brazilian monarchy as well as a member of the Grande Oriente do Brasil.[1] After the coup d'état of November 15, 1889, which overthrew the monarchy, he was Minister of the Navy from November 15, 1889, to January 22, 1891, and from March 12 to April 19, 1890.[2] In 1890, Wandenkolk was elected to the Federal Senate. He was then made president of the Club Militar, succeeding Admiral Custódio de Melo.

Revolta da Armada
Main article: Revolta da Armada

The newly founded Brazilian Navy was bitter over the loss of the monarchy and when Floriano Peixoto was elected, Wandenkolk signed the Manifesto of the Thirteen Generals which called for a new election within the republic as well as criticizing Peixoto's methods on suppressing the rebellions within the Brazilian states.[3] However the revolt was crushed due to lack of ammunition and food and Wandenkolk was arrested for conspiring against the government and sent to Tabatinga along with other political prisoners of the revolt. His rights were then restored and was made Chief of Staff of the Armada on January 3, 1900.[1][2]

He was buried in a mausoleum at the Cemitério de São João Batista, in Botafogo, Rio de Janeiro.[2]

References
  1. "WANDENKOLK, Eduardo.pdf" (PDF). Centro de Pesquisa e Documentação de História Contemporânea do Brasil (in Portuguese). Retrieved March 29, 2022.
  2. "CIAW celebra 180º aniversário de seu Patrono, Almirante Wandenkolk". Instrução Almirante Wandenkolk (in Portuguese). Retrieved March 29, 2022.
  3. Textos Políticos da História do Brasil, Vol. III, Primeira República, Paulo Bonavides e Roberto Amaral, org., ed. Senado Federal, 2002.
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