Elevator surfing

Elevator surfing, also known as lift surfing, is an activity involving riding on top of elevators, rather than inside them.[1][2] More experienced surfers may attempt riskier maneuvers such as jumping between moving elevators, or riding the elevator's counterweight. Elevator surfing is typically considered a form of urban exploration, more aligned with investigative experiences like rooftopping and tunnel hacking rather than adrenaline-inducing urban sports like train surfing.[3] While elevator surfing was most prominent as a subculture in the United States and United Kingdom in the 1990s, it made a comeback in the late 2010s, with partakers often posting footage of their adventures on YouTube and similar platforms.[4]

Interior of a hydraulic elevator shaft from an elevator surfer's point of view

Entry into the elevator shaft is often achieved using an elevator key—like those carried by first responders and building maintenance staff—to open the outer doors. Alternatively, participants may utilize lock picking techniques or use tools like coat hangers to force the elevator car's doors open between floors and unlatch the outer doors from the inside.[5] Elevator surfers usually cannot use the emergency hatch in the roof of the elevator to access the shaft, as these are designed for first responder use and cannot be opened from the inside.[6]

Elevator surfing typically occurs in skyscrapers or on college campuses, especially those with tall buildings. Participation is often illegal,[7] and if caught, surfers may face other charges like trespassing.[8]

Origins

Although the first instances of elevator surfing are unknown, by 1990, the activity was noted for its popularity among children in New York City public housing projects.[9] Children as young as six partook in the activity, often as a game of chicken.[10] During the same time period, elevator surfing became popular on college campuses, especially along the East Coast.[11]

Hazards

Elevator surfers can be crushed between the elevator and the sides of the elevator shaft, be struck by the counterweight, or slip and fall to their deaths.[2]

Injuries and deaths

In November 1989, twelve-year-old Walter McMillan of Harlem, New York City, was found dead on top of an elevator car in a local housing complex where he had been playing;[12] his legs had been crushed between the car and a beam, resulting in his death. Walter had been a member of the "Little Tough Guys", a group of roughly thirty-five children known for elevator surfing, and police had tried to warn him of the dangers of the activity.[13]

In March 1990, University of Massachusetts Amherst student Joel Mangion was found dead in the bottom of an elevator shaft at his dormitory. Friends reported that he had been jumping from one car to another in the double shaft.[2] While attempting the jump, he slipped and became wedged between the cab and the wall, falling sixteen stories to his death.[14][2]

In March 1991, twenty-three-year-old Indiana State University aviation student Michael Deliduka and his peers used a coat hanger to wedge open elevator doors after a night of drinking.[15] They gained access to the tops of the elevators and subsequently attempted to move between them. While Deliduka was attempting to fix a stuck elevator, it activated, pinning him between the carriage and another elevator part and killing him instantly.[16][17]

In September 1992, Southern Methodist University student and athlete Michael Schlosser slipped while hanging onto the bottom of an elevator, falling thirty feet through the shaft and succumbing to blunt force head injuries. His companion also fell the same distance but only sustained a broken arm. The event prompted SMU to install safety locks on elevator doors so that they could not be pried open with hangers or other tools and would instead only open when an elevator is present.[18]

In May 1997, ten-year-old Paul Illingworth was discovered dead at the bottom of an elevator shaft in his Leeds housing estate. He had been riding on the top of the elevator and fell eight floors to his death.[19]

In April 1999, fourteen-year-old Jason Nolan of Dublin died after becoming trapped between the elevator walls and mechanism at the top of the shaft in the elevator at his apartment complex. Another resident who had been in the elevator at the time of the accident reported a sudden shaking followed by a halt and heard Nolan's friends screaming and a breathing sound that subsequently stopped.[20]

In December 2006, eighteen-year-old Jonathan Figueroa was found dead at the bottom of an elevator shaft in a Bedford Stuyvesant apartment complex. He was likely in the shaft for two to three days.[21]

See also

References
  1. Kruszelnicki, Karl (19 July 2002). "Surfing Medical Madness". ABC. Retrieved 2006-08-27.
  2. Locke, Michelle (15 March 1990). "Student's Dies While Riding Atop Elevator". Associated Press. Archived from the original on 1 February 2021. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
  3. Malone, Luke (30 July 2014). "Is Elevator Surfing Really a Thing?". vocativ.com. Retrieved 25 October 2022.
  4. Bostock, Bill. "Inside the resurgent, often deadly craze of 'lift surfing,' where thrill seekers sneak into skyscrapers to ride on top of speeding elevator cabs". Insider. Retrieved 25 October 2022.
  5. Greger, Gene (2003-10-05). "Urban Exploring Techniques: Elevator Surfing". Retrieved 2006-08-27.
  6. "Common Myths and Facts for Elevators". Mowrey Elevator. Retrieved 25 October 2022.
  7. Kohr, RM (March 1992). "Elevator surfing: a deadly new form of joyriding". Journal of Forensic Sciences. 37 (2): 640–5. doi:10.1520/JFS13273J. ISSN 0022-1198. PMID 1500904.
  8. Feehan, Katie (30 June 2019). "Reckless intruders filmed risking lives by 'lift surfing'". Echo News. Retrieved 25 October 2022.
  9. Finder, Alan (17 April 1990). "Like Russian Roulette, but With Elevators". New York Times. Retrieved 27 October 2022.
  10. James, George (28 March 1991). "Elevator Thrill Game Kills A Boy Once Wary of It". New York Times. Retrieved 27 October 2022.
  11. Bryan, Chad (6 April 1990). ""Elevator Surfing Leads to Student Death"". Middlebury Campus News. Retrieved 27 October 2022.
  12. "Boy, 12, Is Killed Playing on Elevator". New York Times. November 27, 1989.
  13. "Like Russian Roulette, but With Elevators". New York Times. April 17, 1990.
  14. "College student killed while playing game of 'elevator surfing'". The Miami Herald. 14 Mar 1990. Retrieved 17 October 2022 – via newspapers.com.
  15. Evans, Steven (1 May 2002). "ISU campus legends, Vigo County, Indiana" (Interview).
  16. "ISU student killed riding atop elevator". The South Bend Tribune. 21 March 1991. Retrieved 17 October 2022 – via newspapers.com.
  17. Crittenden, Susan (21 March 1991). "Riding atop dorm elevator costs ISU student his life". The Indianapolis Star. Retrieved 17 October 2022 – via newspapers.com.
  18. Goodnough, Abby (19 September 2022). "Friends lament death in 'elevator surfing'". Asbury Park Press. Retrieved 25 October 2022.
  19. Mellor, James (30 May 1997). "Boy dies after falling eight floors in 'lift-surfing' craze". The Independent. Archived from the original on 9 March 2022. Retrieved 6 October 2020.
  20. "Teenage Boy Crushed To Death in Lift-Surfing Game". The Independent. 19 November 1999. Retrieved 25 October 2022.
  21. Feuer, Alan (8 December 2006). "Brooklyn: Body Found in Elevator Shaft". New York Times. Archived from the original on 15 January 2018. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
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