Elisabeth Bormann

Elisabeth Ottilie Marianne Bormann (May 12, 1895 – August 1986) was an Austrian physicist and assistant to Max Born. She was involved in measuring the free path of atoms in gases and the size of molecules.

Elisabeth Bormann
Born(1895-05-12)May 12, 1895
Döbling
Died(1986-08-00)August , 1986
Berlin-Charlottenburg
Alma materUniversity of Vienna
Scientific career
InstitutionsInstitut für Theoretische Physik
Siemens-Schuckert
ThesisZur experimentellen Methodik der Zerfallsschwankungen (1919)

Early life and education

Bormann was born in Döbling, Austria.[1] She attended elementary and community school in Klosterneuburg. As a child, Bormann was enthusiastic about gymnastics and piano.[1] Bormann was part of the advanced training programme offered by Eugenie Schwarzwald, and finished high school at the Wasagasse grammar school (then KK Staatsgymnasium). After completing her high school training, she enrolled in an undergraduate course in mathematics and the University of Vienna. She remained there for her doctoral research, during which she studied decay fluctuations and was awarded a distinction.[1] Her PhD examiners were Franz S. Exner and Gustav Jäger.[1]

Research and career
Born and Bormann experiment

In 1919 Bormann joined the Institut für Theoretische Physik, where she worked as an assistant to Max Born.[1][2] In this capacity, she developed the first atomic beams. Working with Born in 1920, Bormann was the first to measure the free path of atoms in gases and the size of molecules.[3][4] She also worked with Friedrich Dessauer on the development of X-ray based technologies.[1]

Bormann started her independent scientific career at the Siemens-Schuckert, where she studied cable technology. She became a German citizen in 1957. Bormann was involved with the supervision of various physicists, including Wilhelm Heinrich Heraeus.[5]

Legacy

In 2019 a plaque was unveiled to record Born and Bormann's discoveries. It will be attached to the former physics building in Robert-Mayer-Straße 2.[3]

Select publications
  • Born, Max; Bormann, Elisabeth (1920). "Zur Gittertheorie der Zinkblende". Annalen der Physik. 367 (11): 218–246. Bibcode:1920AnP...367..218B. doi:10.1002/andp.19203671103. ISSN 0003-3804.
  • Bormann, Elisabeth (1920). "Das elektrostatische Potential des Flußspatgitters". Zeitschrift für Physik. 1 (1): 55–56. Bibcode:1920ZPhy....1...55B. doi:10.1007/bf01881026. ISSN 1434-6001. S2CID 123021240.
  • Born, Max; Bormann, Elisabeth (1920-06-01). "Die ElektronenaffinitÄt des Schwefelatoms". Zeitschrift für Physik (in German). 1 (3): 250–255. Bibcode:1920ZPhy....1..250B. doi:10.1007/BF01329169. ISSN 0044-3328. S2CID 121149304.

References
  1. Biografien bedeutender österreichischer Wissenschafterinnen : "Die Neugier treibt mich, Fragen zu stellen". Ilse Erika Korotin, Nastasja Stupnicki. Wien. 2018. ISBN 978-3-205-20238-7. OCLC 1038390215.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link)
  2. Toennies, J. Peter (2004-06-01). "Serendipitous Meanderings and Adventures with Molecular Beams". Annual Review of Physical Chemistry. 55 (1): 1–33. Bibcode:2004ARPC...55....1T. doi:10.1146/annurev.physchem.55.081203.151413. ISSN 0066-426X. PMID 15117245.
  3. "Goethe-Universität — "Historic Site" Plaque for Frankfurt Physics". www.goethe-university-frankfurt.de. Retrieved 2021-08-03.
  4. Toennies, J. Peter (June 2004). "Serendipitous Meanderings and Adventures with Molecular Beams". Annual Review of Physical Chemistry. 55 (1): 1–33. Bibcode:2004ARPC...55....1T. doi:10.1146/annurev.physchem.55.081203.151413. ISSN 0066-426X. PMID 15117245.
  5. Jorda, S.; Schmidt-Böcking, H. (2021), Friedrich, Bretislav; Schmidt-Böcking, Horst (eds.), "Wilhelm Heinrich Heraeus—Doctoral Student at the University Frankfurt", Molecular Beams in Physics and Chemistry: From Otto Stern's Pioneering Exploits to Present-Day Feats, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 187–192, Bibcode:2021mbpc.book..187J, doi:10.1007/978-3-030-63963-1_10, ISBN 978-3-030-63963-1
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