Elizabeth Berkeley, Countess of Warwick

Elizabeth de Berkeley, Countess of Warwick and Baroness Lisle (1386 – 28 December 1422), was an English noblewoman and heiress. She was the only child of Thomas de Berkeley, 5th Baron Berkeley, and Margaret de Lisle, 3rd Baroness Lisle.

Elizabeth de Berkeley
Countess of Warwick
Drawing of Elizabeth from the Beauchamp Pageant, c. 1483-1494
Born1386
Berkeley Castle, Berkeley, Gloucestershire, England
Died28 December 1422 (aged 35–36)
BuriedKingswood Abbey
Spouse(s)Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick
IssueMargaret Beauchamp, Countess of Shrewsbury
Eleanor Beauchamp, Duchess of Somerset
Elizabeth Beauchamp, Baroness Latimer
FatherThomas de Berkeley, 5th Baron Berkeley
MotherMargaret de Lisle, 3rd Baroness Lisle

With her father's death in 1417, Elizabeth and her husband Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick, became involved in an inheritance dispute with her cousin James Berkeley, initiating one of the longest lawsuits in English history.

Marriage and issue

Elizabeth de Berkeley was the only child born to Thomas de Berkeley, 5th Baron Berkeley, by his wife Margaret de Lisle, 3rd Baroness Lisle.[1][2] As such, Elizabeth was their sole heir, and was to inherit the baronies of Lisle and Tyes from her mother. Margaret died near 1392, but Elizabeth did not succeed to them until the death of Thomas in 1417, as he held the lands by tenure of courtesy.[1] In September 1392, Baron Berkeley negotiated Elizabeth's marriage to Richard de Beauchamp, eldest son and heir to Thomas de Beauchamp, 12th Earl of Warwick. Elizabeth married him sometime before 5 October 1397, and became the Countess of Warwick in 1403.[1] The marriage remained unconsummated for at least six years. Elizabeth gave birth to three girls:[1]

  1. Lady Margaret Beauchamp (1404 – 1467/1468); married John Talbot, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury[1][3]
  2. Lady Eleanor Beauchamp (c. 1408 – 1467); married (1) Thomas de Ros, 8th Baron de Ros (2) Edmund Beaufort, 1st Duke of Somerset[1] (3) Walter Rokesley
  3. Lady Elizabeth Beauchamp (c. 1417[1] – died before 2 October 1480); married (1) George Neville, 1st Baron Latimer[1] (2) Thomas Wake

Inheritance dispute
Berkeley Castle (as seen in present day), part of the dispute between the Countess and her cousin

Elizabeth's level of education and literacy is evident from a 1410 commission asking John Walton to translate Boethius' De consolatione philosophiae; he dedicated it in her name.[2]

An inheritance dispute erupted with her father's death in 1417. Thomas had named her his heir, but many of his lands and estates, including Berkeley Castle, were entailed through the male line to Elizabeth's cousin James Berkeley.[1][3] Elizabeth and her husband refused to accept the entail, thus "initiat[ing] one of the longest lawsuits in England", which lasted until 1609.[1]

After Lord Thomas' death, the Earl and Countess of Warwick quickly took control of the castle and gained the temporary permission of King Henry V to maintain it. James was unable to seize control of the castle, as Warwick and the king were then fighting in France.[4] To gain support in the dispute, Elizabeth sought the help of John, Duke of Bedford while James successfully bribed Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, each one of the king's brothers. By 1425, Elizabeth was dead and James had been given Berkeley Castle along with most of the entailed lands.[1][4]

Elizabeth died on 28 December 1422. She was buried at Kingswood Abbey, and a marble tomb was later placed over her grave through a provision in her husband's will.[1] The following year, the Earl of Warwick remarried to Lady Isabel le Despenser, the widow of his cousin Richard de Beauchamp, 1st Earl of Worcester.[5]

Ancestry

References
  1. Ward 2004.
  2. Jambeck 1996, p. 233.
  3. Jambeck 1996, p. 234.
  4. Harriss 2004.
  5. Carpenter 2004.

Works cited

  • Carpenter, Christine (2004). "Beauchamp, Richard, thirteenth earl of Warwick (1382–1439)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/1838. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  • Harriss, G.L. (2004). "Berkeley, James, first Baron Berkeley (c.1394–1463)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/50214. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  • Jambeck, Karen K. (1996). "Patterns of Women's Literary Patronage: England, 1200 – ca. 1475". In June Hall McCash (ed.). The Cultural Patronage of Medieval Women. University of Georgia Press. ISBN 9780820317021.
  • Ward, Jennifer C. (2004). "Berkeley, Elizabeth, countess of Warwick (c. 1386–1422), magnate". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online) (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/56573. Archived from the original on 16 February 2019. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
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