Enrique Jurado

Captain Enrique L. Jurado (July 15, 1911 – October 14, 1944) was an officer in the Philippine Army – Offshore Patrol during the Second World War. A graduate of the United States Naval Academy, Class of 1934, Foreign Midshipman who returned to the Philippines to teach at the Philippine Military Academy. Later joined its Army Coastal Defense force, the Offshore Patrol (OSP), as an instructor to its first class of graduates. He was the officer-in-command of the OSP, just before the Pearl Harbor attack on December 4, 1941.[1] He led his squadron of three torpedo boats (Q-111 Luzon, Q-112 Abra, Q-113 Agusan) and two gunboats (Q-115 Baler and Q-114 Danday) in the Bataan defense campaign, and managed to escape the Japanese when he ordered his flagship to Batangas. After his escape and recovery, he joined the guerrillas in Panay. Jurado was sent to Mindoro to try to consolidate the guerrillas there, but was killed by a rival guerrilla faction.[1]

Enrique L. Jurado
Birth nameEnrique Lopez Jurado
Nickname(s)"Henry", "Hank"
BornJuly 15, 1911
Lucena, Philippine Islands
DiedOctober 14, 1944(1944-10-14) (aged 33)
Bongabong, Mindoro, Japanese-occupied Philippines
Buried
Philippines
Allegiance Philippines
Service/branch USAFFE
Years of service1936–1941 (Army)
1941–1944 (USAFFE)
Rank Captain (USAFFE)
UnitOffshore Patrol – (USAFFE)
Commands heldOSP Chief Commander
OSP Base Commander
Battles/warsWorld War II
* Battle of Bataan

Early life and education

Jurado was born on July 15, 1911, in Lucena, Philippines to Severo Jurado and Peregrina López Jurado. He has three other siblings, Mercedes, Ramon and Augusto.[2]

Graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy the year the United States agreed to grant Philippine independence in 1934. During his freshman year, he was participant in soccer until a four-year mainstay in wrestling, earning letterman honors in his final three years.[1] He competed at the 1936 Summer Olympics in the freestyle bantamweight class.[3][4] In 1937, he began his Ordnance training at Picatinny Arsenal in New Jersey and then continued postgraduate studies in Ordnance training at the U.S. Army, Aberdeen Proving Ground in Maryland.[1]

Mindoro Mission and death

Jurado by 1944 was working with Gen. Douglas MacArthur's SWPA Allied Intelligence Bureau (AIB) and its sub-unit the Philippine Regional Section (PRS). He was assigned in Panay working with Lt. Col. Macario Peralta Jr. of the 6th Military District, and from here Peralta sent Jurado to Mindoro to take over the operational control of the guerrillas on the island, the Bolo Combat Team.[5][6]

Upon reaching Mindoro on November 1943, Jurado would find himself in the middle of the power struggle between the two main factions of the guerrillas, Maj. Ramon Ruffy was the provincial commander of the Philippine Constabulary before the Japanese invasion, and Capt. Esteban Beloncio, who at once was Ruffy's executive officer and second-in-command. Jurado initially appointed Ruffy as the commanding officer of the Bolo Battalion, but by June 8, 1944, relieved him of command and replaced him with Beloncio.[5]

Ruffy in turn threatened and ordered Jurado off the island. Jurado stood his ground, and the tension led to an encounter where Jurado was killed on October 19, 1944, by Ruffy's deputies, Jose L. Garcia, Prudente M. Francisco, Dominador Adeva and Andres Fortus.[5][6]

Ruffy would later face trial over the murder, but would be acquitted, and his deputies pardoned.

Legacy

On May 15, 1953, the Philippine Military Academy dedicated their gymnasium at Fort General Gregorio del Pilar in Baguio City, "Jurado Hall" in his honor.[7] In June 2013, the original Jurado Hall was demolished to be upgraded to a modern sport complex.[8] The newly completed Philippine Military Academy (PMA) Sports Complex, Jurado Hall, was inaugurated by President Benigno Aquino III on the morning of March 15, 2015.[9] Fort Bonifacio, military headquarters of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) in Manila, also named their gymnasium, Jurado Hall, after him. His name is also on a bronze plaque at Rizal Memorial Coliseum, a major sports arena in Manila.[1]

His name is engraved with those of his United States Naval Academy classmates in Memorial Hall. His name is also on a bronze plaque on a staircase at USNA’s Dahlgren Hall.[1]

The Philippine Navy commissioned BRP Enrique Jurado (PG-371) is the second ship of the Jose Andrada class coastal patrol boats on June 24, 1991.[10][11] The patrol craft was part of the first batch of its class ordered through US Foreign Military Sales (FMS) in 1989.

References
  1. 1934, "Wartime Patrol – December, 1941", United States Naval Academy, Retrieved February 23, 2016.
  2. "Enrique Jurado, Sr." Geni: A My Heritage Website, June 14, 2015, Retrieved February 23, 2016
  3. "Wrestling: 1936 Olympic Results – Men's bantamweight, freestyle". sports-reference.com. Archived from the original on 2020-04-18. Retrieved 2018-08-25.
  4. Official Olympic Report p. 729, la84.org. Retrieved 25 August 2018.
  5. "G.R. No. L-533". lawphil.net. Arellano Law Foundation. Retrieved 5 October 2023.
  6. Villanueva, James (2022). Awaiting MacArthur's Return. University Press of Kansas. p. 50. ISBN 978-0700633579.
  7. "Plebe Notes", The Four Classes – Philippines Military Academy, Retrieved February 23, 2016.
  8. "Modern sports complex soon to rise at PMA", Inquirer.net, June 11, 2013, Retrieved February 27, 2016.
  9. "P-Noy inaugurates PMA Sports Complex in Baguio City" Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine, Interaksyon: The Online News Portal of TV5, March 15, 2013, Retrieved February 27, 2016.
  10. GlobalSecurity.org PG Jose Andrada Class.
  11. Manokski's ORBAT @ Hueybravo. Jose Andrada class page
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