Erynia (fungus)

Erynia
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Fungi
Division:	Entomophthoromycota
Class:	Entomophthoromycetes
Order:	Entomophthorales
Family:	Entomophthoraceae
Genus:	Erynia; (Nowak. ex A. Batko) Remaud. & Hennebert, 1980
Synonyms
	Erynia Nowak., 1881; ; Zoophthora subgen. Erynia Nowak. ex A. Batko, 1966;

Erynia is a genus of fungi within the family of Entomophthoraceae and order Entomophthorales of the Zygomycota.[1] This has been supported by molecular phylogenetic analysis (Gryganskyi et al. 2012).[2]

The genus name of Erynia was originally named by the Polish scientist Leon Nowakowski in 1881. It was named after the Greek mythological creatures known as the Erinyes or as the Romans called them, the Furies, who were described as spirits that claimed vengeance against a crime. It could be classed as an insect pest feeding on a plant, being a specific crime for which the fungus would kill the insect, thus exacting vengeance.[3]

Distribution

It has a cosmopolitan distribution (scattered worldwide).[4] Including Switzerland.[5]

Hosts

Species Erynia conica infects two types of mosquitos; Aedes aegypti and Culex restuans.[6]

Species

As accepted by Species Fungorum;[7]

Erynia aquatica (J.F. Anderson & Ringo ex J.F. Anderson & Anagnost.) Humber (1981)
Erynia chironomi (M.Z. Fan & Z.Z. Li) M.Z. Fan & Z.Z. Li (1995)
Erynia cicadellis Z.Z. Li & M.Z. Fan (1992)
Erynia conica (Nowak.) Remaud. & Hennebert (1980)
Erynia curvispora (Nowak.) Remaud. & Hennebert (1980)
Erynia delpiniana (Cavara) Humber (1981)
Erynia fluvialis S. Keller (2007)
Erynia gigantea Z.Z. Li, Z.A. Chen & Y.W. Xu (1990)
Erynia gracilis (Thaxt.) Remaud. & Hennebert (1980)
Erynia henrici (Molliard) Humber & Ben Ze'ev (1981)
Erynia jaczewskii (Zaprom.) Humber (1981)
Erynia nebriae (Raunk.) S. Keller (2018)
Erynia ovispora (Nowak.) Remaud. & Hennebert (1980)
Erynia pentatomis Z.Z. Li (1989)
Erynia phalangicida (Lagerh.) Remaud. & Hennebert (1980)
Erynia phalloides (A. Batko) Humber & Ben Ze'ev (1981)
Erynia plecopteri Descals & J. Webster (1984)
Erynia rhizospora (Thaxt.) Remaud. & Hennebert (1980)
Erynia sepulchralis (Thaxt.) Remaud. & Hennebert (1980)
Erynia thurgoviensis S. Keller (2012)
Erynia triangularis Villac. & Wilding (1994)
Erynia tumefacta S. Keller (2007)
Erynia variabilis (Thaxt.) Remaud. & Hennebert (1980)

Former species; (all family Entomophthoraceae)[7]

E. americana (Thaxt.) Remaud. & Hennebert (1980) = Furia americana
E. anglica (Petch) Ben Ze'ev (1986) = Zoophthora anglica
E. anhuiensis Z.Z. Li (1986) = Zoophthora anhuiensis
E. aphidis (H. Hoffm.) Humber & Ben Ze'ev (1981) = Zoophthora aphidis
E. athaliae Z.Z. Li & M.Z. Fan (1991) = Zoophthora athaliae
E. blunckii (G. Lakon ex G. Zimm.) Remaud. & Hennebert (1980) = Pandora blunckii
E. borea M.Z. Fan & Z.Z. Li (1991) = Pandora borea
E. brahminae (S.K. Bose & P.R. Mehta) Remaud. & Hennebert (1980) = Pandora brahminae
E. bullata Remaud. & Hennebert (1980) = Pandora bullata
E. bullata Thaxt. & D.M. MacLeod ex Humber (1981) = Pandora bullata
E. calliphorae (Giard) Remaud. & Hennebert (1980) = Entomophthora calliphorae
E. canadensis (D.M. MacLeod, Tyrrell & R.S. Soper) Humber & Ben Ze'ev (1981) = Zoophthora canadensis
E. caroliniana (Thaxt.) Remaud. & Hennebert (1980) = Eryniopsis caroliniana
E. castrans (A. Batko & J. Weiser) Remaud. & S. Keller (1980) = Strongwellsea castrans
E. coleopterorum (Petch) Humber & Ben Ze'ev (1981) = Entomophthora coleopterorum
E. crassitunicata (S. Keller) Humber & Ben Ze'ev (1981) = Zoophthora crassitunicata
E. creatonoti D.F. Yen ex Remaud. & Hennebert (1980) = Furia creatonoti
E. creatonoti D.F. Yen ex Humber (1981) = Furia creatonoti
E. crustosa (D.M. MacLeod & Tyrrell) Humber & Ben Ze'ev (1981) = Furia gastropachae
E. dacnusae Bałazy (1982) = Pandora dacnusae
E. delphacis (Hori) Humber (1981) = Pandora delphacis
E. dipterigena (Thaxt.) Remaud. & Hennebert (1980) = Pandora dipterigena
E. echinospora (Thaxt.) Remaud. & Hennebert (1980) = Pandora echinospora
E. elateridiphaga (Turian) Humber, Ben Ze'ev & R.G. Kenneth (1981) = Zoophthora elateridiphaga
E. ellisiana Ben Ze'ev (1986) = Furia ellisiana
E. erinacea (Ben Ze'ev & R.G. Kenneth) Remaud. & Hennebert (1980) = Zoophthora erinacea
E. forficulae (Giard) Bałazy (1986) = Zoophthora forficulae
E. formicae Humber & Bałazy (1981) = Pandora formicae
E. geometralis (Thaxt.) Humber & Ben Ze'ev (1981) = Zoophthora geometralis
E. gloeospora (Vuill.) Remaud. & Hennebert (1980) = Pandora gloeospora
E. humberi Aruta & Carrillo (1989) = Zoophthora humberi
E. ithacensis J.P. Kramer (1981) = Furia ithacensis
E. kondoiensis Milner (1983) = Pandora kondoiensis
E. lanceolata (S. Keller) Humber & Ben Ze'ev (1981) = Zoophthora lanceolata
E. magna (Humber) Remaud. & S. Keller (1980) = Strongwellsea magna
E. minutispora S. Keller (1994) = Pandora minutispora
E. montana (Thaxt.) Remaud. & Hennebert (1980) = Furia montana
E. myrmecophaga Turian & Wuest ex Remaud. & Hennebert (1980) = Pandora myrmecophaga
E. neoaphidis Remaud. & Hennebert (1980) = Pandora neoaphidis
E. neopyralidarum Ben Ze'ev (1982) = Furia neopyralidarum
E. nouryi Remaud. & Hennebert (1980) = Pandora nouryi
E. occidentalis (Thaxt.) Humber & Ben Ze'ev (1981) = Zoophthora occidentalis
E. orientalis (Ben Ze'ev & R.G. Kenneth) Humber, Ben Ze'ev & R.G. Kenneth (1981) = Zoophthora orientalis
E. petchii (Ben Ze'ev & R.G. Kenneth) Ben Ze'ev & R.G. Kenneth (1982) = Zoophthora petchii
E. phytonomi (Arthur) Humber, Ben Ze'ev & R.G. Kenneth (1981) = Zoophthora phytonomi
E. pieris Z.Z. Li & Humber (1984) = Furia pieris
E. radicans (Bref.) Humber, Ben Ze'ev & R.G. Kenneth (1981) = Zoophthora radicans
E. suturalis Ben Ze'ev (1987) = Zoophthora suturalis
E. virescens (Thaxt.) Remaud. & Hennebert (1980) = Furia virescens
E. vomitoriae (Rozsypal) Remaud. & Hennebert (1980) = Furia vomitoriae
E. zabri Rozsypal ex Ben Ze'ev & R.G. Kenneth (1982) = Furia zabri

References

Elya, Carolyn; De Fine Licht, Henrik H. (12 November 2021). "The genus Entomophthora: bringing the insect destroyers into the twenty-first century &". IMA Fungus. 12 (34): 34. doi:10.1186/s43008-021-00084-w. PMC 8588673. PMID 34763728.
Gryganskyi AP, Humber RA, Smith ME et al (2012) Molecular phylogeny of the Entomophthoromycota. Mol Phylogenet Evol 65:682–694. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2012.07.026
Nowakowski, L. 1881. Dziennik Trzeciego Zjazdu lekarzy i przyrodników polskich, Kraków. Sekcyja Botaniczno-Zoologíczna, 6, 67-68.
"Erynia (Nowak. ex A.Batko) Remaud. & Hennebert". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
Keller, Siegfried (1991). "Arthropod pathogenic Entomophthorales of Switzerland. II. Erynia, Eryniopsis, Neozygites, Zoophthora and Tarichium". Sydowia. 43: 39–122.
Cuebas-Incle, E. L. (December 1992). "Infection of adult mosquitoes by the entomopathogenic fungus Erynia conica (Entomophthorales: Entomophthoraceae)". J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 8 (4): 367–71. PMID 1474381.
"Erynia - Search Page". www.speciesfungorum.org. Species Fungorum. Retrieved 31 December 2022.

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[1] Elya, Carolyn; De Fine Licht, Henrik H. (12 November 2021). "The genus Entomophthora: bringing the insect destroyers into the twenty-first century &". IMA Fungus. 12 (34): 34. doi:10.1186/s43008-021-00084-w. PMC 8588673. PMID 34763728.

[2] Gryganskyi AP, Humber RA, Smith ME et al (2012) Molecular phylogeny of the Entomophthoromycota. Mol Phylogenet Evol 65:682–694. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2012.07.026

[3] Nowakowski, L. 1881. Dziennik Trzeciego Zjazdu lekarzy i przyrodników polskich, Kraków. Sekcyja Botaniczno-Zoologíczna, 6, 67-68.

[4] "Erynia (Nowak. ex A.Batko) Remaud. & Hennebert". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 31 December 2022.

[5] Keller, Siegfried (1991). "Arthropod pathogenic Entomophthorales of Switzerland. II. Erynia, Eryniopsis, Neozygites, Zoophthora and Tarichium". Sydowia. 43: 39–122.

[6] Cuebas-Incle, E. L. (December 1992). "Infection of adult mosquitoes by the entomopathogenic fungus Erynia conica (Entomophthorales: Entomophthoraceae)". J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 8 (4): 367–71. PMID 1474381.

[Fungorum-7] "Erynia - Search Page". www.speciesfungorum.org. Species Fungorum. Retrieved 31 December 2022.