Escobaria missouriensis

Escobaria missouriensis, the Missouri foxtail cactus and formerly Coryphantha missouriensis, is a species of low-growing North American cacti. It is found in along the Missouri River in the tallgrass prairie and shortgrass Great Plains, from Texas to Montana and the Dakotas, and in the Rocky Mountains woodlands of Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa), pinyon-juniper, and Gambel oak (Quercus gambelii) west of it. It is also native to the Southwestern United States in Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah.[2][3][4]

Escobaria missouriensis
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Cactaceae
Subfamily: Cactoideae
Genus: Escobaria
Species:
E. missouriensis
Binomial name
Escobaria missouriensis
(Sweet) D.R.Hunt
Synonyms[1]
Synonymy
  • Cactus missouriensis (Sweet) Kuntze
  • Coryphantha missouriensis (Scheer) Britton & Rose
  • Coryphantha similis (Engelm.) Britton & Rose
  • Mammillaria missouriensis Sweet
  • Neobesseya missouriensis (Sweet) Britton & Rose
  • Neobesseya similis (Engelm.) Britton & Rose
  • Neomammillaria missouriensis (Sweet) Britton & Rose ex Rydb.
  • Escobaria asperispina (Boed.) D.R.Hunt, syn of subsp. asperispina
Escobaria missouriensis var. asperispina - Missouri foxtail cactus

Description

Escobaria missouriensis grows up to 30 centimetres (12 in) high and forms clumps to 30 centimetres (12 in) or greater in diameter. They are generally larger in the Southwest. The plants are primarily unbranched, except eastern populations that can be profusely branched. The spines are bright white, pale gray, or pale tan, weathering to gray or yellowish brown.[2] The plant blooms in April to June, with flowers that are pale greenish yellow to yellow-green with midstripes of green or rose-pink to pale brown.[2][5]

Escobaria missouriensis has been extirpated from many of its historically known sites by introduced fire ants, suburban development, brush encroachment following fire suppression, and over-grazing.[2]

Subspecies[1]
  • Escobaria missouriensis subsp. asperispina (Boed.) N.P.Taylor
  • Escobaria missouriensis subsp. missouriensis

References
  1. The Plant List, Escobaria missouriensis (Sweet) D.R.Hunt
  2. Flora of North America, Missouri foxtail cactus Coryphantha missouriensis . accessed 4.4.2011
  3. United States Department of Agriculture plants profile, Escobaria missouriensis . accessed 4.4.2011
  4. Biota of North America Program, 2014 county distribution map
  5. NPIN_Escobaria missouriensis . accessed 4.4.2011
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