Exsudoporus floridanus

Exsudoporus floridanus is a species of edible bolete mushroom in the family Boletaceae. In 1945, American mycologist Rolf Singer described a species he found in Florida during his 1942–3 tenure of a Guggenheim Memorial Fellowship.[1] He originally described it as a subspecies of the eastern North American species Boletus frostii, but later considered it worthy of distinct species status in a 1947 publication.[2] Based on morphological and phylogenetic data, Vizzini and colleagues transferred this species to a newly described genus Exsudoporus in 2014.[3] Due to lack of sufficient sequences, Wu et al. (2016) were reluctant to accept Exsudoporus and considered it a synonym of Butyriboletus, so they proposed a new combination Butyriboletus floridanus.[4] However, following phylogenetic and morphological analyses clearly resolved Exsudoporus as a monophyletic, homogenous and independent genus that is sister to Butyriboletus. [5][6]

Exsudoporus floridanus
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Boletales
Family: Boletaceae
Genus: Exsudoporus
Species:
E. floridanus
Binomial name
Exsudoporus floridanus
(Singer) Vizzini, Simonini & Gelardi (2014)
Synonyms
  • Boletus frostii subsp. floridanus Singer (1945)
  • Boletus floridanus (Singer) Murrill (1948)
  • Suillellus floridanus (Singer) Murrill (1948)
  • Butyriboletus floridanus (Singer) G. Wu, Kuan Zhao & Zhu L. Yang (2016)
  • Exsudoporus floridanus (Singer) G. Wu, Kuan Zhao & Zhu L. Yang (2016)
Exsudoporus floridanus
View the Mycomorphbox template that generates the following list
Pores on hymenium
Cap is convex or flat
Hymenium is adnate
Stipe is bare
Spore print is olive-brown
Ecology is mycorrhizal
Edibility is edible

Exsudoporus floridanus differs from Exsudoporus frostii in having a lighter cap color[7] and in the texture of the cap surface: the subspecies is tomentose (covered with dense, short, soft, matted hairs) or velutinous (like velvet), compared to the relatively smooth surface of E. frostii. Singer notes that although the physical characteristics between the two taxa may be blurred and are hard to define, the area of origin is a reliable indicator of subspecies status. E. floridanus is found on shaded lawns and scrubland in open oak stands in non-tropical regions of Florida, typically on grassy or sandy soil. It grows under or near several oak species, including Chapman oak (Quercus chapmanii), swamp laurel oak (Q. laurifolia), and southern live oak (Q. virginiana), and it fruits between May and October.[2]

Edibility

Exsudoporus floridanus is said to be edible but bitter, tasting slightly acidic, akin to lemons. It is known to cause gastric upset in some who consume it.[8]


See also

References
  1. Singer R. (1945). "New Boletaceae from Florida (a preliminary communication)". Mycologia. 37 (6): 797–9. doi:10.2307/3755143. JSTOR 3755143.
  2. Singer R. (1947). "The Boletoideae of Florida with notes on extralimital species III". American Midland Naturalist. 37 (1): 77–8. doi:10.2307/2421647. JSTOR 2421647.
  3. Vizzini A. (August 22, 2014). "Nomenclatural novelties" (PDF). Index Fungorum (183): 1.
  4. Wu, Gang; Li, Yan-Chun; Zhu, Xue-Tai; Zhao, Kuan; Han, Li-Hong; Cui, Yang-Yang; Li, Fang; Xu, Jian-Ping; Yang, Zhu L. (November 2016). "One hundred noteworthy boletes from China". Fungal Diversity. 81 (1): 25–188. doi:10.1007/s13225-016-0375-8. ISSN 1560-2745. S2CID 22506275.
  5. Loizides M, Bellanger JM, Assyov B, Moreau PA, Richard F (2019). "Present status and future of boletoid fungi (Boletaceae) on the island of Cyprus: cryptic and threatened diversity unraveled by 10-year study". Fungal Ecology. 41 (13): 65–81. doi:10.1016/j.funeco.2019.03.008. S2CID 181958289.
  6. Biketova AY, Gelardi M, Smith ME, Simonini G, Healy RA, Taneyama Y, Vasquez G, Kovács Á, Nagy LG, Wasser SP, Peintner U, Nevo E, Bunyard BA, Vizzini A (2022). "Reappraisal of the Genus Exsudoporus (Boletaceae) Worldwide Based on Multi-Gene Phylogeny, Morphology and Biogeography, and Insights on Amoenoboletus". Journal of Fungi. 8 (2): 2–25. doi:10.3390/jof8020101. PMC 8874676. PMID 35205856.
  7. Specifically, "Corinthian red" in the subspecies compared with "jasper red", "nopal red" or "carmine" in the typical form, using Ridgway color standards.
  8. "Exsudoporus floridanus". The Bolete Filter. 2015-07-24. Retrieved 2022-10-25.
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