Fares and ticketing on the Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore)

Because the rail operators are government-assisted profit-based corporations, fares and ticketing on Singapore's Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) system are currently aimed at least in breaking even to at least compensate for their costs of running the system. The rail operators collect fares by selling electronic tickets capable of storing data, the price of which is calculated based on the distance between the start and destination stations. These prices increase in fixed stages for standard non-concessionary travel. From the information that was earlier written in these tickets, it is possible to increase the fare according to increments based on approximate distances between stations.

Orchard MRT concourse level with the faregates.

Stations on the MRT system are divided into two areas, paid and unpaid areas, which allows the rail operators to collect needed fares by restricting entry only through the fare gates, also known as access control gates. These gates, connected to a computer network, are able to read the electronic tickets, and can store information such as the amount of time taken per trip, and the start and destination stations of each trip. This allows the rail operators to collect fares based on this information.

Fares

Although operated by private companies, the system's fare structure is regulated by the Public Transport Council (PTC), to which the operators submit requests for changes in fares.[1][2] Fares are kept affordable by pegging them approximately to distance-related bus fares, thus encouraging commuters to use the network and reduce heavy reliance on the bus system. A fare review is conducted every year, based on a formula that itself is reviewed every 5 years. Since 2021, fare formula has been revised such that there is no Network Capacity Factor (NCF) involved, but the NCF for 2021 only has January 2020 data. The formula takes into account the main factors affecting the cost of operating the public transport system, including the MRT and public buses.[3] Fare increases have caused public concern, but fares are reduced in both 2009, 2010, 2015, 2016 and 2017.[4][5] Historically, fares on the fully underground North East, Circle, and Downtown lines had been higher than those of the North South and East West lines (NSEWL), a disparity that was justified by citing higher costs of operation and maintenance on a completely underground line. However, the Public Transport Council (PTC) announced in 2016 that fares for the three underground lines would be reduced to match those on the NSEWL, which took effect along with the annual fare review, on 30 December 2016.[6][7]

After the opening of Downtown line Stage 3, Transport Minister Khaw Boon Wan announced that public transport fare rules will be reviewed to allow for transfers across MRT lines at different stations due to the increasing density of the rail network. At the time, commuters were charged a second time when they made such transfers. He added that the PTC would review distance-based fare transfer rules to ensure they continue to facilitate "fast, seamless" public transport journeys. The review of distance-based fare rules on MRT lines was completed, and a waiver on the second boarding fee incurred when making such transfers was announced on 22 March 2018. The scheme was implemented on 29 December 2018.[8][9][10]

MRT fares

Fares (as of 26 December 2021)[11]
AdultSenior citizen /
Persons with disabilities
Student1Workfare transport
Concession
$0.95 - $2.21$0.60 - $0.93$0.43 - $0.64$0.69 - $1.73

Notes

Children under the age of 4 and below the height of 0.9m travels for free. Children under the age of 7 can travel for free using a child concession card.

1: Only for school smartcards, Diploma Student EZ-Link, and ITE Student EZ-Link Card only. Undergraduates have to pay adult fares, as more than 90% of the undergraduates are eligible voters.

Ticketing

Main articles: EZ-Link, NETS, and CEPAS

Tickets

Contactless smart cards fully replaced their magnetic ticket predecessors on 1 December 2002, making Singapore one of the first cities to implement contactless smart card payment on all main modes of public transportation, similar to Hong Kong.

The ticketing system uses the EZ-Link and NETS FlashPay contactless smart cards based upon the Symphony for e-Payment (SeP) system for public transit built on the Singapore Standard for Contactless ePurse Application (CEPAS) system. This system permits up to 4 card issuers to provide for the market.[12] The EZ-Link card was introduced on 13 April 2002 as a replacement to the original TransitLink farecard, while its competitor, the NETS FlashPay card, entered the smart card market on 9 October 2009.

Stored-value cards and SimplyGo

An adult EZ-Link card may be purchased for S$12 (inclusive of a S$5 non-refundable card cost and a S$7 credit) for payment of public transportation fares in Singapore. The old CEPAS EZ-Link card (non-SimplyGo) can only be purchased outside the public transport facilities. The card may also be used for payment of goods and services at merchants displaying the "EZ-Link" logo, Electronic Road Pricing tolls and Electronic Parking System carparks.[12][13] From 15 March 2022, only SimplyGo EZ-Link card is available at TransitLink Ticket Office or Passenger Service Centre. Commuters can upgrade adult stored-value EZ-Link cards to SimplyGo, and once done, it is optional to download the EZ-Link app or the TransitLink SimplyGo app to check card balance.

The NETS FlashPay (now renamed to "NETS Prepaid") card may be purchased at all TransitLink Ticket Offices at MRT stations, retail points such as 7-Eleven stores, Cheers and Fairprice Xpress as well as iNETS Kiosks. It can be used for the payment of public transportation fares in Singapore and at merchants displaying the "NETS FlashPay" logo. From 15 March 2022, at the TransitLink Ticket Office; only SimplyGo NETS Prepaid card is available.

On 20 March 2017, LTA started a trial of the usage of contactless debit and credit MasterCard cards for fare payments on all main modes of public transport.[14] Fares are charged directly to their debit or credit cards. From 3 December 2018, the trial was expanded to NETS and Visa cards.[15] On 7 March 2019, the system was renamed to SimplyGo, and it was officially launched on 4 April 2019, starting with MasterCard holders. As of November 2019, Visa and NETS card holders are also able to utilise the system.[16] And finally, all EZ-Link cardholders (including concession) can upgrade to SimplyGo. LTA and TransitLink is still in the works of adding concession fares into bank cards and smartwatches.

Singapore Tourist Pass & 7 Singapore Pass

A Singapore Tourist Pass and 7 Singapore Pass contactless smart card may be purchased from S$10[17] (inclusive of a S$10 refundable card deposit and a 3-day pass) for the payment of public transportation fares including sightseeing bus routes under Singapore Ducktours. The card may be purchased at selected TransitLink Ticket Offices, LTA Kiosks, Passenger Service Centres and Singapore Visitors Centres, and can be refunded at both TransitLink Ticket Offices and Passenger Service Centres.[18]

Access-control gates

Access-control gates found in Singapore's MRT and LRT stations have evolved in design & features over the years. A few different series of gates from different manufacturers have been used in MRT and LRT stations. The two oldest generations of these gates in the MRT stations began to be removed starting from March 2010, and this was completed by October 2014.

On 22 July 2018, a hands-free ticketing technology trial was launched at 4 stations to examine the feasibility of a new hands-free fare gate that allows people with disabilities to enter and exit MRT stations without tapping their fare cards. If found to be feasible, the fare gates may be introduced to more stations. The trial lasted until November 2018.[19] A tender for a second trial was announced in February 2020, with the possibility of expanding the system to all public buses and 400 faregates should the trial be successful.[20]

Manufacturer/type Location Image Features
Cubic AFC gates North South line and East West line stations (replaced by 2014, Pioneer and Joo Koon replaced on 27 June 2017) Magnetic fare card reader (removed by 2003)
CEPAS smart card readers
Retractable red flaps
VFD fare information displays (Some units equipped with angled VFD displays, some of them are in analogue and some of them are in digital)
Bulb-operated directional sign displays
Red alarm/concession indicator
ST Electronics AFC gates Expo (East West line)
Bedok
Kembangan
Paya Lebar (East West line)
Raffles Place
Tanjong Pagar
Outram Park (East West line)
Dover
Orchard
(All phased out beginning with Orchard on 10 June 2011, then Bedok, Kembangan, Paya Lebar and Raffles Place in 2014, others were converted between July and November 2017)
Magnetic fare card reader (removed by 2003)
CEPAS smart card readers
Retractable red flaps
Angled VFD fare information displays
LED directional sign displays
Red alarm/concession indicator
Cronos faregates Bukit Panjang LRT stations
Cubic AFC turnstile faregates Bukit Panjang LRT stations (replaced by November 2017) Magnetic fare card reader (removed by 2003)
CEPAS smart card readers
Three arms tripod turnstiles
Angled VFD fare information displays
Bulb-operated directional sign displays
Thales AFC gates Circle line stations A row of Third Generation Gates at Dhoby Ghaut. CEPAS smart card readers
Retractable red flaps (Wide gate feature dual retractable flaps)
6.5" LCD fare information displays
LED directional sign displays
LED gate status indicators
Titan faregates All North South Line, East West Line, North East Line, Punggol LRT, Sengkang LRT and Bukit Panjang LRT stations
Bayfront
Orchard MRT concourse level with the faregates. CEPAS smart card readers
Retractable red flaps
Angled LCD fare information displays
Illuminated LED directional bar
LED gate status indicators
Frontal LCD Display (selected units)
Thales faregates All Downtown line stations Fare gates of the Downtown line concourse at Bukit Panjang MRT/LRT station CEPAS smart card readers
Bidirectional swing flaps
6.5" LCD fare information displays
LED directional sign displays
LED gate status indicators
Cubic AFC gates All Thomson–East Coast line stations[21]

Passenger service centres

Passenger service centres are control stations that looks after the station, and handle cash top-ups for all MRT cards. By the first half of 2018, cash top-ups at all passenger service centres were phased out.[22]

Ticketing machines

Machine Location Accepted Mode of Payment Features
General Ticketing Machine (GTM) Circle Line
Downtown Line
East West Line
North East Line
North South Line
Thomson-East Coast Line
Bukit Panjang LRT
Sengkang LRT
Punggol LRT
Cash (Minimum S$2 as banknote)
NETS
Credit/Debit Card
Topping up CEPAS cards
Upgrading CEPAS cards to SimplyGo
Checking last 30 travel transactions
Encoding and extension of monthly concession passes with NETS
Manage Auto Reload services through GIRO or Credit/Debit Card[23]
For those using cash, no change is given in the machine. Cash can only be used with $2, $5, $10 and $50 banknotes.
GTMs by Cubic were introduced for North South, East West and Circle lines, whereas GTMs by Ascom were introduced for North East Line.
Add Value Machine (AVM) (2002 - 2013) and Add Value Machine (AVM+) (2013 - 2022) North South Line and East West Line (All replaced by November 2021)
Bus Interchanges
NETS Topping up CEPAS cards
Upgrading CEPAS cards to SimplyGo
Checking last 30 travel transactions
Encoding and extension of monthly concession passes
Manage Auto Reload services through GIRO or Credit/Debit Card[24]
Payment of penalty fee
Express claims and filing for refunds
Emailing of travel transactions
Instant redemption of travel voucher and rewards
Originally accepts magnetic farecards and was upgraded to stored value cards in 2002.
Top-Up Machine (TUM) Circle Line (All replaced by March 2021)
Downtown Line
North South Line
East West Line
Punggol LRT
Sengkang LRT
Bukit Panjang LRT
NETS Topping up CEPAS cards
Upgrading CEPAS cards to SimplyGo
Checking last 30 travel transactions
Top-Up Kiosk (TUK) Circle Line
Downtown Line
East West Line
North East Line
North South Line
Thomson-East Coast Line
Bukit Panjang LRT
Sengkang LRT
Punggol LRT
NETS
Credit/Debit Card
Topping up CEPAS cards
Upgrading CEPAS cards to SimplyGo
Checking last 30 travel transactions
Encoding and extension of monthly concession passes
Manage Auto Reload services through GIRO or Credit/Debit Card[24]
Payment of penalty fee
Express claims and filing for refunds
Emailing of travel transactions
Top-Up Kiosk with Cash Accepted (TUK-A) Circle Line
Downtown Line
East West Line
North East Line
North South Line
Thomson-East Coast Line
Bukit Panjang LRT
Sengkang LRT
Punggol LRT
Cash (Minimum S$2 as banknote)
NETS
Credit/Debit Card
Topping up CEPAS cards
Upgrading CEPAS cards to SimplyGo
Checking last 30 travel transactions
Encoding and extension of monthly concession passes
Manage Auto Reload services through GIRO or Credit/Debit Card[25]
Payment of penalty fee
Express claims and filing for refunds
Emailing of travel transactions
For those using cash, no change is given in the machine. Cash can only be used with $2, $5, $10 and $50 banknotes.
Assisted Service Kiosk (ASK) Thomson-East Coast Line NETS
Credit/Debit Card
Topping up CEPAS cards
Upgrading CEPAS cards to SimplyGo
Checking last 30 travel transactions
Encoding and extension of monthly concession passes
Manage Auto Reload services through GIRO or Credit/Debit Card[26]
Payment of penalty fee
Express claims and filing for refunds
Emailing of travel transactions

Replacement of all ticketing machines into Top-Up Kiosk (TUK)

General Ticketing Machines (GTMs) (Phased out), Assisted Service Kiosks (ASKs) and Top-Up Kiosks (TUK) in the MRT station

During the COVID-19 pandemic, Add Value Machine (AVM), Top-Up Machine (TUM) and General Ticketing Machines (GTMs) were however replaced by Top-Up Kiosk (TUK). These replacement programme are as follows:

  • 23 January 2020 - 15 January 2021: Circle Line and Thomson-East Coast Line
  • 19 April 2021 - 19 July 2021: North South Line
  • 23 July 2021 - 15 November 2021: East West Line
  • 23 November 2021 - 19 February 2022: Downtown Line
  • 1 March 2022 - 15 May 2022: North East Line

Subsequently; all stations were upgraded to Top-Up Kiosk with Cash Accepted (TUK-A) where cash can be accepted. Top Up Kiosks (TUK) can only accept NETS and Credit/Debit Card only together with the Assisted Service Kiosk (ASK).

EZ-Link SimplyGo ambassadors were being deployed at selected stations (previously at the heartlands) to help cardholders who face difficulties in transition, mitigate their assistance; including those who have $100 note to give change to small note ($50) and those ticketing machines need to have maintenance, they will ask commuters to move to other facilities nearby.

See also

References

  1. Land Transport Authority, Singapore 1996, pp. 58–59.
  2. "Tricky balance in fare changes". The Straits Times. 17 September 2007. p. 21.
  3. "Review of transport fare formula needed to reflect rising cost of operating MRT system: Khaw Boon Wan". CNA. 8 July 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2020.
  4. Yvonne Cheong (14 April 2005). "Public transport fare hike not justified as SMRT still profitable: CASE". Channel NewsAsia. Singapore. Archived from the original on 2 February 2008.
  5. Christopher Tan (13 September 2008). "Bus and MRT fares to go up from Oct 1". The Straits Times. p. 1.
  6. "Public transport fares may be standardised". The Straits Times. 10 October 2016. Archived from the original on 6 April 2019. Retrieved 6 April 2019.
  7. "Public transport fares to fall by 4.2% from Dec 30 due to lower energy prices". CNA. Archived from the original on 6 April 2019. Retrieved 6 April 2019.
  8. "PTC to review fares incurred when switching between MRT stations, says Khaw". Channel NewsAsia. 22 October 2017. Archived from the original on 23 October 2017.
  9. Koh, Valerie (20 October 2017). "Review underway to address additional fares when switching between MRT lines: Khaw". TODAY Online. Archived from the original on 23 October 2017.
  10. "Commuters can exit and re-enter rail system without penalty". The Straits Times. 22 March 2018. Archived from the original on 26 March 2018. Retrieved 11 March 2019.
  11. "Fare Structure". Public Transport Council. Retrieved 10 April 2022.
  12. Maria Almenoar (9 January 2009). "Free replacement exercise on till Sept 30". The Straits Times. Archived from the original on 5 January 2013. Retrieved 20 July 2009.
  13. Imelda Saad (26 August 2008). "New e-payment system and next generation card for public transport". Channel NewsAsia.
  14. "Joint News Release by the Land Transport Authority (LTA) & Mastercard - LTA Pilots Account-Based Ticketing System for Public Transport with Mastercard | Press Room | Land Transport Authority". www.lta.gov.sg. Archived from the original on 25 March 2017. Retrieved 24 March 2017.
  15. Ng, Huiwen (30 November 2018). "LTA expands contactless payment trial for public transport to Visa, Nets cardholders". The Straits Times. ISSN 0585-3923. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  16. "Pay for train, bus rides with your Nets card from Nov 16". The Straits Times. 8 November 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2020.
  17. "The Singapore Tourist Pass - The only pass that gives you unlimited rides* on public transport". thesingaporetouristpass.com.sg. Archived from the original on 21 November 2017. Retrieved 20 November 2017.
  18. "Why Singapore Tourist Pass". Singapore Tourist Pass. Archived from the original on 16 May 2013. Retrieved 18 June 2013.
  19. "Hands-free fare gates being tried out at four MRT stations". The Straits Times. 22 June 2018. Retrieved 6 April 2019.
  20. "LTA looks to test hands-free payment on trains, buses". The Straits Times. 26 February 2020. Retrieved 10 March 2020.
  21. "Cubic Wins $35.5 Million Contract to Supply Fare Collection Equipment for Singapore Land Transport Authority's Future Rail Line". www.cubic.com. 15 September 2016. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  22. hermesauto (18 February 2018). "Cash top-up at MRT passenger service centres to be phased out by March". The Straits Times. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  23. "e-Payment Top-up at General Ticketing Machines". www.transitlink.com.sg. Retrieved 6 April 2019.
  24. "e-Payment Top-up at General Ticketing Machines". www.transitlink.com.sg. Retrieved 6 April 2019.
  25. "e-Payment Top-up at General Ticketing Machines". www.transitlink.com.sg. Retrieved 6 April 2019.
  26. "e-Payment Top-up at General Ticketing Machines". www.transitlink.com.sg. Retrieved 6 April 2019.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.