Fatimah bint Muhammad al-Taymi

Fāṭimah bint Muḥammad al-Taymī (Arabic: فاطمة بنت محمد التيمي) was the third influential wife of the Abbasid caliph al-Mansur. She was the mother of famous prince Sulayman.

Fatimah bint Muhammad al-Taymi
فاطمة بنت محمد التيمي
Zawjat al khalifa
Consort of the Abbasid caliph
Tenure765/66 – 775
Born740s
DiedBaghdad, Abbasid Caliphate
SpouseAl-Mansur
Children
Names
Umm Sulayman Fatimah bint Muhammad al-Taymi
HouseBanu Taym (by birth)
Abbasid (by marriage)
FatherMuhammad al-Taymi
ReligionIslam

Biography

Fatimah belonged to Banu Taym clan of the Quraysh. She was also known as 'Fatimah al-Talhi'. Before her marriage to Caliph al-Mansur, her husband was married to Arwa.

Al-Mansur's first wife was Arwa, known as Umm Musa, whose lineage went back to the kings of Himyar.[1][2] She had two sons, Muhammad (the future caliph al-Mahdi) and Ja'far.[1] According to their pre-marital agreement, while Arwa was still alive, al-Mansur had no right to take other wives and have concubines. Al-Mansur tried to annul this agreement several times, but Arwa always managed to convince the judges to not accede to the caliph's attempts. Arwa died in 764.[1] After her death, al-Mansur married Hammadah and Fatimah.

Fatimah became the third wife of al-Mansur. Her father was Muhammad, a descendant of a prominent companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, Talhah ibn Ubaydallah. She had three sons, Sulayman,[3][4] Isa, and Ya'qub.[2]

Fatimah lived most of her life in the caliphal palace. She became the most influential wife of al-Mansur after Arwa. Her sons were not in the line of succession as al-Mansur kept his eldest sons as heirs. However, Fatimah's sons became important officials of the Caliphate.

Family

Fatimah was related to the several members of the Abbasid ruling house of the Caliphate.

No. Family member Relation
1 Al-Mansur Husband
2 Al-Mahdi Step-son
3 Sulayman Elder son
4 Isa ibn al-Mansur Son
5 Ya'qub ibn al-Mansur Youngest son
6 Ja'far ibn al-Mansur Step-son
7 Salih al-Miskin Step-son
8 Qasim ibn al-Mansur Step-son
9 Aliyah bint al-Mansur Step-daughter
10 Abbasa bint Sulayman Granddaughter
11 Ja'far ibn Abi Ja'far Step-son

References

  1. Abbott, Nabia (1946). Two Queens of Baghdad: Mother and Wife of Hārūn Al Rashīd. University of Chicago Press. pp. 15–16. ISBN 978-0-86356-031-6.
  2. Al-Tabari; Hugh Kennedy (1990). The History of al-Tabari Vol. 29: Al-Mansur and al-Mahdi A.D. 763-786/A.H. 146-169. SUNY series in Near Eastern Studies. State University of New York Press. pp. 148–49.
  3. Madelung 2000, p. 328.
  4. Kennedy 1990, pp. 94, 148–149.

Sources

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