Fixed-dose procedure

The fixed-dose procedure (FDP), proposed in 1992 by the British Toxicology Society, is a method to assess a substance's acute oral toxicity.[1][2]

In comparison to the older LD50 test developed in 1927, this procedure produces similar results while using fewer animals and causing less pain and suffering.[3] As a result, in 1992 this test was proposed as an alternative to the LD50 test by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development under OECD Test Guideline 420.[4] However, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has begun to approve non-animal alternatives in response to research cruelty concerns and the lack of validity/sensitivity of animal tests as they relate to humans.[5][6]

See also

References
  1. Stallard, N.; Whitehead, A. (2 July 2016). "Reducing animal numbers in the fixed-dose procedure". Human & Experimental Toxicology. 14 (4): 315–323. doi:10.1177/096032719501400401. PMID 7598991. S2CID 37663587.
  2. Walum, E (April 1998). "Acute oral toxicity". Environmental Health Perspectives. 106 (Suppl 2): 497–503. doi:10.1289/ehp.98106497. JSTOR 3433801. PMC 1533392. PMID 9599698.
  3. van den Heuvel, M.J.; Clark, D.G.; Fielder, R.J.; Koundakjian, P.P.; Oliver, G.J.A.; Pelling, D.; Tomlinson, N.J.; Walker, A.P. (January 1990). "The international validation of a fixed-dose procedure as an alternative to the classical LD50 test". Food and Chemical Toxicology. 28 (7): 469–482. doi:10.1016/0278-6915(90)90117-6. PMID 2210519.
  4. Stallard, N; Whitehead, A; Ridgway, P (2 July 2016). "Statistical evaluation of the revised fixed-dose procedure". Human & Experimental Toxicology. 21 (4): 183–196. doi:10.1191/0960327102ht239oa. PMID 12099620. S2CID 45430481.
  5. "Allergan Receives FDA Approval for First-of-Its-Kind, Fully in vitro, Cell-Based Assay for BOTOX® and BOTOX® Cosmetic (onabotulinumtoxinA)" (Press release). Allergan. June 24, 2011. Retrieved May 19, 2020.
  6. Gaul, Gilbert M. (12 April 2008). "In U.S., Few Alternatives To Testing On Animals". The Washington Post.

Further reading



This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.