Ford Cyclone engine

The Cyclone engine, also branded Duratec, is Ford Motor Company's latest DOHC family of gasoline V6 engines introduced in 2006.[1] The Cyclone succeeds Ford's previous V6 engine families, including the Canadian built Ford Essex engine introduced in 1981, the Ford Vulcan engine introduced in 1985, the original Duratec V6 introduced in 1993, and the Ford Cologne V6 engine, whose design dates back to 1962. The first version of the Cyclone engine, a 3.5 L V6, appeared in the 2007 Ford Edge and the Lincoln-badged luxury variant, the Lincoln MKX, as well as the Lincoln MKZ. Mazda badges its versions of the Cyclone MZI as it did with its versions of the Duratec V6.

Ford Cyclone engine
Overview
ManufacturerFord Motor Company
Also called
Production2006–present
Layout
Configuration60° V6
Displacement3.3 L; 203.8 cu in (3,339 cc)
3.5 L; 213.3 cu in (3,496 cc)
3.7 L; 227.4 cu in (3,726 cc)
Cylinder bore90.4 mm (3.56 in)
92.5 mm (3.64 in)
95.5 mm (3.76 in)
Piston stroke86.7 mm (3.41 in)
Cylinder block materialAluminum
Cylinder head materialAluminum
ValvetrainDOHC 4 valves per cylinder with VCT and Ti-VCT (later models)
Valvetrain drive systemTiming Chain
Combustion
TurbochargerTwin-turbo (on Ecoboost engine)
Fuel systemSequential fuel injection
Direct injection (turbocharged models)
Fuel typeGasoline
Cooling systemWater-cooled
Output
Power output262–350 hp (195–261 kW)
Torque output248–320 lb⋅ft (336–434 N⋅m)
Chronology
PredecessorFord Duratec V6

Although Ford continues using the Duratec name, the Cyclone shares no components or design with the previous Duratec and was entirely new.[2]

Notable Cyclone features include a capacity for displacements ranging up to 4.0 L,[1] DOHC 4-valve per cylinder heads, direct acting mechanical bucket (DAMB) camshaft tappets, variable cam timing (iVCT) on the intake camshafts, and twin-independent variable cam timing (Ti-VCT) on some later versions. Features such as Gasoline direct injection and turbocharging were considerations in the design phase and have been added to the engine as part of EcoBoost. The 3.5 L is ULEV-II compliant and is capable of meeting the PZEV requirement.

3.3 L

The Duratec 33 3.3 L; 203.8 cu in (3,339 cc) is a downsized version of Duratec 35 with both port and direct injection starting in 2018 model year for Ford F-150, serving as the new base engine.

Vehicle Horsepower Torque Notes
2018–2023 Ford F-150 290 hp (216 kW) at 6,500 rpm 265 lb⋅ft (359 N⋅m) at 4,000 rpm Naturally Aspirated
2020–present Ford Police Interceptor Utility 285 hp (213 kW) at 6,500 rpm 260 lb⋅ft (353 N⋅m) at 4,000 rpm Naturally Aspirated
2020–present Ford Explorer Hybrid 285 hp (213 kW) 318 hp (237 kW) combined at 6,500 rpm 260 lb⋅ft (353 N⋅m) 322 lb⋅ft (437 N⋅m) combined at 4,000 rpm 318 hp (237 kW) and 322 lb⋅ft (437 N⋅m) combined

3.5 L

The Duratec 35 displaces 3.5 L; 213.3 cu in (3,496 cc) with a 92.5 mm × 86.7 mm (3.64 in × 3.41 in) bore and stroke. Due to packaging differences in transverse (FWD) applications, the water pump is relocated to the valley behind the timing cover and is driven by the timing chain. The 3.5 L engine will fit into any engine bay the smaller Duratec 3.0 L will, and replaced it in some applications (notably the Ford Taurus) in the 2008 model year. Production began in 2006 for the Ford Edge, Lincoln MKX, and Lincoln MKZ.

Official SAE certified engine output is 265 hp (198 kW) and 250 lb⋅ft (339 N⋅m) on 87 octane gas. This is a substantial upgrade in power from the Duratec 30 and bested all comparable 87 octane rated V6 engines at the time of its launch.[3] For 2011, the 3.5 L received Ti-VCT, helping to boost output to 285 hp (213 kW) and 253 lb⋅ft (343 N⋅m).[4] The 3.5 L's highest output to date is 290 bhp (216 kW; 294 PS). This version was used in the redesigned 2011 Ford Explorer.

The engine is assembled at Lima Engine in Lima, Ohio, with expansion planned in Cleveland Engine Plant #1.

The 3.5 L was on the Ward's 10 Best Engines list for 2007.

The 3.5 L Duratec 35 installed in a 2007 Lincoln MKZ

Applications
VehicleHorsepowerTorqueCam Phasing
2007–2010 Ford Edge

2007–2010 Lincoln MKX

 265 hp (198 kW) at 6,250250 lb⋅ft (339 N⋅m) at 4,500iVCT
2007–2012 Lincoln MKZ

2007–2016 Mazda CX-9 (MZI)

2008–2012 Ford Taurus

2008–2009 Ford Taurus X

2008–2009 Mercury Sable

2010–2012 Ford Fusion Sport

 263 hp (196 kW) at 6,250249 lb⋅ft (338 N⋅m) at 4,500iVCT
2009–2012 Ford Flex262 hp (195 kW) at 6,250248 lb⋅ft (336 N⋅m) at 4,500iVCT
2015–2017 Ford F-150282 hp (210 kW) at 6,500253 lb⋅ft (343 N⋅m) at 4,000Ti-VCT
2011–2014 Ford Edge285 hp (213 kW) at 6,500253 lb⋅ft (343 N⋅m) at 4,000Ti-VCT
2015–2018 Ford Edge280 hp (209 kW) at 6,500250 lb⋅ft (339 N⋅m) at 4,000Ti-VCT
2013–2019 Ford Flex287 hp (214 kW) at 6,500254 lb⋅ft (344 N⋅m) at 4,000Ti-VCT
2013–2019 Ford Taurus288 hp (215 kW) at 6,500254 lb⋅ft (344 N⋅m) at 4,000Ti-VCT
2013–2019 Ford Police Interceptor Sedan288 hp (215 kW) at 6,500254 lb⋅ft (344 N⋅m) at 4,000Ti-VCT
2011–2019 Ford Explorer290 hp (216 kW) at 6,500255 lb⋅ft (346 N⋅m) at 4,000Ti-VCT

EcoBoost
Main article: Ford EcoBoost engine

It is a twin-turbocharged, gasoline direct injected (GTDI) version of the 3.5 L. This engine is used in the 2013-2019 Ford Explorer Sport, 2010-2019 Ford Taurus SHO, 2014-2019 Ford Flex Limited EcoBoost, 2010-2019 Lincoln MKT EcoBoost, and 2010-2016 Lincoln MKS, and is optional for both the 2014-2019 Ford Police Interceptor sedan and Ford Police Interceptor Utility, both of which are based on the Taurus and Explorer.

3.7 L

The Duratec 37 is a 3.7 L; 227.4 cu in (3,726 cc) version of the Cyclone V6 intended to power heavier or premium vehicles. The 3.7 L's additional displacement comes from an increase in bore diameter to 95.5 mm (3.76 in), stroke remains identical to the 3.5 L at 86.7 mm (3.41 in). Ford Power Products sells this engine as the CSG-637 for industrial uses starting in mid-2015, which replaced the 4.2L Essex and is manufactured under license by Engine Distributors Inc.[5]

A Hiroshima, Japan assembled Mazda MZI 3.7 was installed in the 2008 Mazda CX-9 and was the first 3.7 L Cyclone V6 to see production. The first Ford application of the 3.7 L was the 2009 Lincoln MKS.

A few days before the 2009 Los Angeles International Auto Show, Ford unveiled a new version of the 3.7 L for the 2011 Mustang, making it the first Duratec-badged V6 since the Lincoln LS to be used in a production rear-wheel drive car. Due to packaging differences in transverse applications, the water pump was relocated to the valley behind the timing cover and is driven by the timing chain. This version of the 3.7 L (3,726 cc) features Twin Independent Variable Cam Timing (Ti-VCT); delivers 31 mpg‑US (7.6 L/100 km; 37 mpg‑imp) highway mileage in the Mustang, and was the first production engine to deliver in excess of 300 hp (224 kW) and 30 mpg‑US (7.8 L/100 km; 36 mpg‑imp).[6]

Applications
VehicleHorsepowerTorqueCam Phasing
2008–2015 Mazda CX-9 (MZI)273 hp (204 kW) at 6,250270 lb⋅ft (366 N⋅m) at 4,250iVCT
2009–2013 Mazda 6 (MZI)272 hp (203 kW) at 6,250269 lb⋅ft (365 N⋅m) at 4,250iVCT
2009–2012 Lincoln MKS275 hp (205 kW) at 6,250276 lb⋅ft (374 N⋅m) at 4,250iVCT
2010–2012 Lincoln MKT268 hp (200 kW) at 6,250267 lb⋅ft (362 N⋅m) at 4,250iVCT
2011–2014 Ford F-150[7]302 hp (225 kW) at 6,500278 lb⋅ft (377 N⋅m) at 4,000Ti-VCT
2011–2014 Ford Mustang

2011–2015 Lincoln MKX[8]

2011–2014 Ford Edge Sport

 305 hp (227 kW) at 6,500280 lb⋅ft (380 N⋅m) at 4,250Ti-VCT
2012-2019 Morgan Roadster 3.7 280 hp (209 kW) at 6,000280 lb⋅ft (380 N⋅m) at 4,500Ti-VCT
2013–2016 Lincoln MKZ 300 hp (224 kW) at 6,500 277 lb⋅ft (376 N⋅m) at 4,000 Ti-VCT
2013–2016 Lincoln MKS304 hp (227 kW) at 6,500279 lb⋅ft (378 N⋅m) at 4,000Ti-VCT
2013–2018 Lincoln MKT300 hp (224 kW) at 6,500275 lb⋅ft (373 N⋅m) at 4,000Ti-VCT
2013–present Radical RXC V6350 hp (261 kW) at 6,250320 lb⋅ft (434 N⋅m) at 4,250Ti-VCT
2012–2015 Ginetta G60310 hp (231 kW) at 6,500288 lb⋅ft (390 N⋅m) at 4,500Ti-VCT
2015–2019 Ford Transit275 hp (205 kW) at 6000260 lb⋅ft (353 N⋅m) at 4,000Ti-VCT
2015–2017 Ford Mustang300 hp (224 kW) at 6,500280 lb⋅ft (380 N⋅m) at 4,000Ti-VCT
2016 AM General MV-1275 hp (205 kW) at 6,250260 lb⋅ft (353 N⋅m) at 4,000Ti-VCT
2016–2018 Lincoln MKX303 hp (226 kW) at 6,500278 lb⋅ft (377 N⋅m) at 4,000Ti-VCT
2017–2020 Lincoln Continental305 hp (227 kW) at 6,500280 lb⋅ft (380 N⋅m) at 4,000Ti-VCT
2015–present CSG-637 by Ford Power Products
2013-2019 Ford Police Interceptor Utility304 hp (227 kW) at 6,500279 lb⋅ft (378 N⋅m) at 4,000Ti-VCT
2013–2019 Ford Police Interceptor Sedan305 hp (227 kW) at 6,500279 lb⋅ft (378 N⋅m) at 4,000Ti-VCT

Water pump issues

Water pumps on transversely mounted 3.5L V6, 3.5L EcoBoost V6, and 3.7L V6 engines have a tendency to fail and potentially ruin the engine when they do. The water pumps on these engines are internally mounted and driven by the timing chain. As a result, when they fail, antifreeze is dumped directly into the crankcase; mixing with engine oil and potentially damaging the head gaskets and connecting rod bearings. Many of these water pump failures occur without warning and repairs often cost thousands of dollars as the engine needs to be disassembled or removed from the vehicle to access the water pump. In some cases, the engine will need to be replaced outright. A class action lawsuit was started against Ford as a result of this issue, but it was dismissed and no recall was given. [9] All longitudinally mounted versions of the 3.3, 3.5, 3.5 EcoBoost, and 3.7 V6 use an external water pump.

Affected vehicles
  • 2008-09 Mercury Sable
  • 2008-09 Ford Taurus X
  • 2007-18 Ford Edge
  • 2009-19 Ford Flex
  • 2010-12 Ford Fusion Sport
  • 2007-16 Lincoln MKZ
  • 2009-13 Mazda 6 3.7L V6
  • 2007-15 Mazda CX-9
  • 2008-19 Ford Taurus (including SHO)
  • 2017-20 Lincoln Continental
  • 2007-18 Lincoln MKX
  • 2010-19 Lincoln MKT
  • 2011-19 Ford Explorer
  • 2013-19 Ford Police Interceptor Sedan
  • 2013-19 Ford Police Interceptor Utility
  • 2009-16 Lincoln MKS

See also

References
  1. Whitfield, Kermit (2003). "Ford's next step in engine manufacturing". Automotive Design & Production.
  2. Visnic, Bill (December 20, 2006). "Ford Motor Co. Duratec 35 3.5L DOHC V-6". Wards Auto. Retrieved 25 March 2018.
  3. "Ford's new V-6 catches up to competitors". Detroit News. Retrieved April 12, 2006.
  4. "2011 FORD EDGE POWERTRAIN: MORE BITE, LESS HUNGER | Ford Motor Company Newsroom". Media.ford.com. 2010-08-16. Archived from the original on 2012-10-04. Retrieved 2012-01-24.
  5. "Ford Engines". Engine Distributors Inc. 5 December 2012. Retrieved 15 August 2020.
  6. "NEW MUSTANG V-6 WITH 305 HP CERTIFIED AT 31 MPG HIGHWAY; MAKES HISTORY AS FIRST CAR WITH 300+ HP AND 30+ MPG | Ford Motor Company Newsroom". Media.ford.com. 2010-03-04. Archived from the original on 2010-07-16. Retrieved 2012-01-24.
  7. "2011 FORD F-150 ALL-NEW POWERTRAIN LINEUP DELIVERS BEST-IN-CLASS CAPABILITY, PROJECTED TOP FUEL ECONOMY | Ford Motor Company Newsroom". Media.ford.com. 2010-11-16. Archived from the original on 2011-09-13. Retrieved 2012-01-24.
  8. "2011 LINCOLN MKX USES ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY TO PRODUCE BEST-IN-CLASS HORSEPOWER, FUEL ECONOMY | Ford Motor Company Newsroom". Media.ford.com. 2010-08-23. Archived from the original on 2011-09-12. Retrieved 2012-01-24.
  9. "Ford Lawsuit Over Duratec V6 Due To Water Pump". Ford Authority. Retrieved February 17, 2021.
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