Formin-2

FMN2
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	2YLE, 3R7G
Identifiers
Aliases	FMN2, formin 2, Formin-2
External IDs	OMIM: 606373 MGI: 1859252 HomoloGene: 137334 GeneCards: FMN2
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 1 (human)[1]
End	240,475,187 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 1 (mouse)[2]
End	174,650,295 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	prefrontal cortex; ; Brodmann area 9; ; cingulate gyrus; ; sural nerve; ; caudate nucleus; ; amygdala; ; superior frontal gyrus; ; ganglionic eminence; ; nucleus accumbens; ; postcentral gyrus;
	Top expressed in
	secondary oocyte; ; extraocular muscle; ; olfactory epithelium; ; sciatic nerve; ; dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus; ; supraoptic nucleus; ; habenula; ; islet of Langerhans; ; superior colliculus; ; ventral tegmental area;
	More reference expression data
	n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function	actin binding; molecular function;
Cellular component	cytoplasm; cytosol; endoplasmic reticulum membrane; membrane; plasma membrane; spindle; microvillus; cell cortex; nucleolus; endoplasmic reticulum; actin cytoskeleton; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; cytoskeleton; cytoplasmic vesicle membrane; cytoplasmic vesicle; nucleus;
Biological process	homologous chromosome movement towards spindle pole in meiosis I anaphase; establishment of meiotic spindle localization; intracellular signal transduction; polar body extrusion after meiotic divisions; negative regulation of protein catabolic process; meiotic chromosome movement towards spindle pole; negative regulation of apoptotic process; intracellular transport; actin filament bundle assembly; cellular response to DNA damage stimulus; oogenesis; multicellular organism development; protein transport; formin-nucleated actin cable assembly; cellular response to hypoxia; vesicle-mediated transport; positive regulation of double-strand break repair; positive regulation of actin nucleation;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	56776
	54418
	ENSG00000155816
	ENSMUSG00000028354
	Q9NZ56
	Q9JL04
	NM_001305424; NM_020066; NM_001348094
	NM_019445
	NP_001292353; NP_064450; NP_001335023
	NP_062318
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Formin-2 (FMN2) is an actin binding structural protein and has a localized expression pattern in the developing and adult forms of the central nervous system (CNS).[5] FMN2 plays an important role in the nucleation and assembly of actin filaments. In humans, this gene is located on Chromosome 1.[6]

FMN2 plays a role in the ability of neurons to migrate and innervate target tissues.[7] FMN2 is present in the filopodial tips of neuronal growth cones and influences its pathfinding ability. In chicks FMN2 plays a role in migration of spinal commissural neurons.[8] FMN2 is reported to act like a clutch molecule generating traction to join the actin cytoskeleton to the growth cone.[9]

Biallelic mutations in this gene have been associated with Nonsyndromic Autosomal Recessive Intellectual Disability.[10]

FMN2 double knockout mice are seen to be normal in gross and microscopic morphology of the brain but show decreased fertility, improper positioning of the metaphase spindle and problems in the polar body formation during oogenesis.[10]

References

GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000155816 - Ensembl, May 2017
GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000028354 - Ensembl, May 2017
"Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
"Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
"FMN2 - Formin-2 - Homo sapiens (Human) - FMN2 gene & protein". www.uniprot.org. Retrieved 2022-04-05.
"HostDB". hostdb.org. Retrieved 2022-04-05.
Peng KW, Liou YM (April 2012). "Differential role of actin-binding proteins in controlling the adipogenic differentiation of human CD105-positive Wharton's Jelly cells". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects. 1820 (4): 469–481. doi:10.1016/j.bbagen.2012.01.014. PMID 22330775.
Sahasrabudhe A, Ghate K, Mutalik S, Jacob A, Ghose A (February 2016). "Formin 2 regulates the stabilization of filopodial tip adhesions in growth cones and affects neuronal outgrowth and pathfinding in vivo". Development. 143 (3): 449–460. doi:10.1242/dev.130104. PMID 26718007. S2CID 103636.
Ghate K, Mutalik SP, Sthanam LK, Sen S, Ghose A (November 2020). "Fmn2 Regulates Growth Cone Motility by Mediating a Molecular Clutch to Generate Traction Forces". Neuroscience. 448: 160–171. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.09.046. PMID 33002558. S2CID 221982536.
Law R, Dixon-Salazar T, Jerber J, Cai N, Abbasi AA, Zaki MS, et al. (December 2014). "Biallelic truncating mutations in FMN2, encoding the actin-regulatory protein Formin 2, cause nonsyndromic autosomal-recessive intellectual disability". American Journal of Human Genetics. 95 (6): 721–728. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2014.10.016. PMC 4259997. PMID 25480035.

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[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000155816 - Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000028354 - Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[5] "FMN2 - Formin-2 - Homo sapiens (Human) - FMN2 gene & protein". www.uniprot.org. Retrieved 2022-04-05.

[6] "HostDB". hostdb.org. Retrieved 2022-04-05.

[7] Peng KW, Liou YM (April 2012). "Differential role of actin-binding proteins in controlling the adipogenic differentiation of human CD105-positive Wharton's Jelly cells". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects. 1820 (4): 469–481. doi:10.1016/j.bbagen.2012.01.014. PMID 22330775.

[8] Sahasrabudhe A, Ghate K, Mutalik S, Jacob A, Ghose A (February 2016). "Formin 2 regulates the stabilization of filopodial tip adhesions in growth cones and affects neuronal outgrowth and pathfinding in vivo". Development. 143 (3): 449–460. doi:10.1242/dev.130104. PMID 26718007. S2CID 103636.

[9] Ghate K, Mutalik SP, Sthanam LK, Sen S, Ghose A (November 2020). "Fmn2 Regulates Growth Cone Motility by Mediating a Molecular Clutch to Generate Traction Forces". Neuroscience. 448: 160–171. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.09.046. PMID 33002558. S2CID 221982536.

[auto-10] Law R, Dixon-Salazar T, Jerber J, Cai N, Abbasi AA, Zaki MS, et al. (December 2014). "Biallelic truncating mutations in FMN2, encoding the actin-regulatory protein Formin 2, cause nonsyndromic autosomal-recessive intellectual disability". American Journal of Human Genetics. 95 (6): 721–728. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2014.10.016. PMC 4259997. PMID 25480035.