Frances Cromwell

Frances Cromwell, Lady Russell (c. 6 December 1638 – 27 January 1720) was the ninth child and youngest daughter of Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland, and his wife, Elizabeth Cromwell. She was baptized at St. Mary's Church in Ely on 6 December 1638.[1]

Frances Cromwell
by John Michael Wright
Born
Frances Cromwell

6 December 1638
Ely, Cambridgeshire, England
Died27 January 1720
(aged 81)
London, England
NationalityEnglish
Spouses
​
​
(m. 1657; died 1658)​
    ​
    ​
    (m. 1663; died 1669)​
    Children5, including John
    Parent(s)Oliver Cromwell
    Elizabeth Bourchier

    Family and marriage

    After growing up in the Cromwell family home, Frances moved to both Whitehall and Hampton Court when her parents became the protector and protectress of England. Historians have linked her to several suitors, amongst them Charles II,[2] but she did not marry until 11 November 1657 when she wed Robert Rich (1634–1658), grandson of Robert Rich, second earl of Warwick (1587–1658), and only son and heir of Robert Rich, Lord Rich (1611–1659). After a difficult courtship and days of celebration the marriage was short-lived: Rich, who had been ill at the time of the marriage, died 16 February 1658 at Whitehall.[3]

    Five years later, on 7 May 1663 Frances married Sir John Russell. Russell died in March 1669. Frances raised their five children, before spending the latter part of her life with her sister Mary and her husband Thomas.[4]

    Children

    Sir John and Lady Russell had three sons and two daughters:

    References
    1. Gaunt, Peter (2004). "Russell [née Cromwell; other married name Rich], Frances, Lady Russell". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/65816. ISBN 978-0-19-861412-8. Retrieved 8 March 2018. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
    2. Antonia Fraser, (1973) Cromwell our Chief of Men, p. 601
    3. Waylen, James (1897). The House of Cromwell: A Genealogical History of the Family and Descendants of the Protector. 62 Paternoster Row: Elliott Stock. Retrieved 8 March 2018.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
    4. Noble, Mark (1784). Memoirs of the protectorate-house of Cromwell: deduced from an early period, and continued down to the present time, Vol II. London: Pearson and Rollason. p. 382. Retrieved 8 March 2018.
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