Francis Stewart Montague-Bates
Brigadier-General Francis Stewart Montague-Bates, CB, CMG, DSO, (1876–1954) was a British Army officer in the early part of the 20th century, seeing active service in the Second Boer War, the First World War, the Occupation of Constantinople, the Anglo-Irish War, and the Second World War.
Francis Stewart Montague-Bates | |
---|---|
Nickname(s) | Monty |
Born | 8 February 1876 |
Died | 21 June 1954 (aged 78) |
Allegiance | ![]() |
Service/ | ![]() |
Years of service | 1900–1932. 1940-1944 |
Rank | Brigadier-General |
Unit | East Surrey Regiment |
Commands held | 1st Bn East Surrey Regiment 12th Bn Cheshire Regiment 77th Brigade 83rd Brigade 66th Brigade 242nd Brigade 141st (5th London) Brigade |
Battles/wars | 2nd Boer War First World War Occupation of Turkey Anglo-Irish War Second World War |
Awards | CB (1919) CMG (1918) DSO (1917) Mentioned in dispatches six times (1915–19) Legion of Honour, 4th Class (France) Croix de Guerre avec Palme (France) Commander of the Order of the Redeemer, 3rd Class (Greece) |
Family life
Francis Stewart Montague-Bates was born on 8 February 1876, the only son of Henry Montague Bates and Mary Montague-Bates, her second husband, whom she married in 1872, following the death of her first husband from Cholera, Colonel Andrew Gammell of the 12th Lancers, in 1869. The family lived in London and also had property in Manaccan, Cornwall. Captain Montague Bates was married in Canada in 1910 to Gladys Thomas of Plymouth. They had one son, Patrick Montague Bates born in 1914, who, after education at Wellington College on a scholarship, joined Imperial Airways. He was a member of the RAFVR, called up in late 1939, trained as a pilot officer in 1940 and was shot down by a Messerschmidt 109 and killed in action in early 1941 piloting a Blenheim IV, whilst returning from a mission bombing a viaduct during the invasion of Crete by German Forces [1][2][3]
Francis Stewart Montague Bates was educated at Appuldurcombe College on the Isle of Wight.[4]
Military career
Second Boer War
When the Second Boer War broke out in October 1899, Montague-Bates was in Rangoon, Burma. He volunteered for service in South Africa, and was accepted on 12 February 1900 and served for a few months (135 days) as a corporal in B Section[5] in Lumsden's Horse, a mounted infantry unit raised by Colonel Lumsden and supported by Sir Giles Playfair. The Unit was mainly composed of volunteers from regiments of the Indian Volunteer Force.[6] On 4 August 1900 he was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the 2nd Battalion East Surrey Regiment, which was serving elsewhere in the South African theatre, and for a while he commanded a section of a composite mounted infantry company formed from 2nd East Surreys and 1st Battalion Durham Light Infantry.[3][4][7][8] He was promoted to lieutenant on 21 May 1902,[9][10] shortly before the end of the war.
After the Boer War, Montague-Bates was in July 1902 seconded for four years to the South African Constabulary organised by Major-General Robert Baden-Powell, the founder of the Scout Movement.[11] (In 1913 Montague-Bates published a book on infantry scouting.[2][3]) He was promoted to captain in 1909 and again seconded, from 1910 to 1912, to the Canadian Forces. When World War I broke out in August 1914, Montague-Bates was serving as adjutant of the 6th Battalion East Surreys, a Territorial Force unit based at Kingston upon Thames.[1][3][4][7]
Western Front
In November 1914 he was sent to the Western Front with a draft of reinforcements to join the 2nd Bn Queen's (Royal West Surrey) Regiment, which had suffered badly in the 1st Battle of Ypres. As the senior officer present he took command of the battalion, becoming a Temporary Major in December.[1][7][12] Holding the line in the Ypres Salient, 2nd Queens' were actively engaged in trench raids during this period. A major attack was ordered for the afternoon of 18 December, when the 7th Division attacked Well Farm near La Boutillerie. The attack was led by 2nd Bn Royal Warwickshire Regiment, with two companies of 2nd Queen's in support. The preliminary bombardment had done little damage to the German defences, and the Warwicks were halted in the wire just short of the enemy trench. Going forward, the Queen's could do no more than reach the wire and reinforce the Warwicks in the dusk. Realising that the attack had failed, Montague-Bates decided not to renew it, but issued orders for the survivors to get back as best they could. Casualties were heavy in the barely reformed battalions, but senior commanders testified to the gallantry and devotion they had shown in attempting an impossible task.[13]
When a more senior officer of the Queen's arrived at the end of the year, Montague-Bates reverted to his previous rank of captain and became adjutant of the battalion until after the Battle of Neuve Chapelle in March 1915, when he was posted to fill the same appointment with the Warwicks.[7][12] In the summer of 1915 he returned to 1st Battalion of his own regiment, which was serving in 5th Division, succeeding to command of the battalion (with promotion to major and temporary lieutenant-colonel) in August, when the commanding officer was invalided home.[1][7]
Salonika
At the end of 1915, Montague-Bates was sent to the Egyptian Expeditionary Force and then to the Salonika front, where in January 1916 he took command of 12th Bn Cheshire Regiment, a 'Kitchener Army' battalion serving in 66th Brigade of 22nd Division.[7][14] At first the British Salonika Army was restricted to digging into its bridgehead around the port (nicknamed 'The Birdcage'), but in April, 66th Bde led the way inland towards the Bulgarian frontier.[15]
On 27 August 1916 Montague-Bates was promoted to Temporary Brigadier-General to take temporary command of 77th Brigade in the neighbouring 26th Division,[16] then moved on 25 September to 83rd Brigade in 28th Division.[17] Finally, on 15 November 1916, he returned to 22nd Division to assume command of 66th Brigade, which position he held until the demobilisation of the division in Turkey in March 1919. He was in charge of the brigade during the heavy fighting of the Battles of Doiran of 1917 and 1918.[14][18] In September 1919 he once more took over 83rd Brigade in 28th Division, which was then forming part of the British Army of Occupation in Turkey.[17]
Turkey
Following the Occupation of Constantinople, 83rd Bde was garrisoning the Dardanelles forts, but in November 1919 it was moved to the Izmit area to guard the Anatolian Railway. In March 1920 it moved back to Constantinople, but a new independent brigade (242nd Brigade) was formed at Izmit under Montague-Bates. This consisted of British and Indian infantry battalions, with supporting troops.[17][19]
During August Montague-Bates authorised a sortie over the River Sarkaria to protect his perimeter against attacks by Nationalist Turks. He was reprimanded by Major-General Edmund Ironside who had just taken over command of the Izmit area. One of Montague-Bates' staff reported that the two generals 'had heated words' and 'When Brigadier Bates came out of the meeting he was white with rage, said good-bye, and having collected his belongings left with hardly a word'. Montague-Bates returned to Constantinople and was sent home. The staff officer wrongly believed that Montague-Bates had resigned his commission, and wrote that 'Monty' was 'a great loss to the army, for though not liked by many, was a first-class soldier'.[20]
Ireland
On return to the United Kingdom Montague-Bates had to relinquish his temporary rank of Brigadier-General and reverted to the Brevet lieutenant-colonelcy he had been awarded in June 1916.[21] He rejoined the 2nd Bn East Surreys and in June 1921 he became Officer Commanding Troops at Dublin Castle during the peak of the violence during the Anglo-Irish War.[1]
Regimental service
In August 1922 Montague-Bates returned from Northern Ireland to the 1st Bn East Surreys stationed in Egypt. He commanded the battalion from December 1923 to December 1927, in Hong Kong and India.[1][22]
During this period, Montague-Bates was promoted to Brevet-Colonel, and in March 1928 after his term of regimental command expired, he was appointed Brigade Commander of 141st (5th London) Brigade of the Territorial Army, based at the Duke of York's Headquarters in Chelsea.[1][7] He retired from the army in 1932, but served again in Cornwall, commanding the Home Guard unit for the Helford Estuary with its headquarters in Gweek. Home Guard during the World War II invasion scare of 1940–41.[1][3]
Frank Montague-Bates died on 21 June 1954 at his home at Manaccan.[3][4] His funeral was held on 30 June at Kensal Green Cemetery.[23]
Awards
During his career Montague-Bates received the following awards and honours:[1][3][7]
- CB (1919)
- CMG (1918)
- DSO (1917)
- Mentioned in dispatches six times (1915–19)
- Legion of Honour, 4th Class (France)
- Croix de Guerre avec Palme (France)
- Commander of the Order of the Redeemer, 3rd Class (Greece)
Publications
References
- "Brigadier-General F S Montague-Bates, CB CMG DSO". Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 29 July 2013.
- "BrigadierGenMontagueBates". sites.google.com.
- Who was Who.
- Obituary, The Times (London), 24 June 1954.
- The History of Lumsdens Horse
- "Anglo Boer War - Lumsden's Horse". www.angloboerwar.com.
- Quarterly Army List.
- Amery, Appendix to Chapters I-XIV, pp. 503–14.
- "No. 27447". The London Gazette (Supplement). 24 June 1902. p. 4119.
- "No. 27491". The London Gazette. 4 November 1902. p. 7014.
- "No. 27502". The London Gazette. 9 December 1902. p. 8512.
- Atkinson, p. 508.
- Atkinson, pp. 120–3.
- Becke, Part 3a, pp. 111–7.
- Wakefield & Moody, pp. 41, 48.
- Becke, Part 3a, pp. 143–9.
- Becke, Part 1, pp. 105–16.
- Wakefield & Moody, pp. 80, 203–11.
- General Sir George Milne's Despatch 11 August 1920, London Gazette, 7 January 1921.
- Lyster, Marie (13 July 2011). Among the Ottomans: Diaries from Turkey in World War I. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 9781848855212 – via Google Books.
- London Gazette 29 October 1920.
- "1st Bn The East Surreys in Regiments.org". Archived from the original on 3 January 2006. Retrieved 1 October 2009.
- The Times (London), 1 July 1954.
Sources
- L.S. Amery (ed), The Times History of the War in South Africa 1899-1902, London: Sampson Low, Marston, 6 Vols 1900–09.
- Maj A.F. Becke,History of the Great War: Order of Battle of Divisions, Part 1: The Regular British Divisions, London: HM Stationery Office, 1934/Uckfield: Naval & Military Press, 2007, ISBN 1-847347-38-X.
- Maj A.F. Becke,History of the Great War: Order of Battle of Divisions, Part 3a: New Army Divisions (9–26), London: HM Stationery Office, 1938/Uckfield: Naval & Military Press, 2007, ISBN 1-847347-41-X.
- Ian Lyster, Among the Ottomans: Diaries from Turkey in World War I, London: Tauris, 2010, ISBN 9781848855212.
- Quarterly Army List January 1932'.
- Aland Wakefield & Simon Moody, Under the Devil's Eye: Britain's Forgotten Army at Salonika 1915–1918, Stroud: Sutton, 2004, ISBN 0-7509-3537-5.
- Who Was Who 1951–60.
External sources
- Queens Royal Surrey regimental website
- AngloBoerWar.com
- London Gazette
- Regiments.org at the Wayback Machine (archived December 28, 2005)