Frank (company)

Frank was founded in 2016 by Charlie Javice, a graduate from the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania.[2] Javice, who was 24 years old at the time, said her goal was to reduce student debt.[1][3][4][5][6] In 2017, co-founder and chief technology officer Adi Omesy sued Javice and the company for wage theft and failure to award the promised equity; he received $35,000 as compensation per court order.[7] The original website was frankfafsa.com; however, the term FAFSA was removed in 2018 following a settlement with the U.S. Department of Education who owns trademark rights to the acronym.[5]

In January 2018, Frank raised $10 million in funding from investors including Lemonade, WeWork, Bradley Tusk, and Marc Rowan, co-founder of Apollo Global Management.[8] At that time, Frank had 18 full-time employees in the United States and Israel.[1][8] Javice was named as one of Forbes' 30 Under 30[9][10] and Crain's New York's 40 under 40.[4]

Javice approached JPMorgan Chase in the summer of 2021 about a potential acquisition.[11] In September 2021, Frank was purchased by the bank for $175 million to deepen ties with college students as potential customers.[14][15][11][3][10][5] Javice remained CEO of Frank and joined JPMorgan Chase as head of student solutions on the digital products team.[3]

Fifteen Frank employees were brought on as part of the acquisition, from mid-level associates to executive level.[15] As part of the acquisition, Javice received more than $9 million directly in stock proceeds and a $20 million retention bonus.[16][5]

In December 2022, JPMorgan Chase sued Javice and Frank chief growth officer Olivier Amar for fraud, alleging that they lied to the bank by making up millions of fake student accounts to show that it had a successful, growing business.[11][14][17] The lawsuit was filed in a Delaware federal court.[11] Javice claimed that Frank had 4.25 million users. According to the lawsuit, the company had fewer than 300,000 in reality.[11][14][17] According to the lawsuit, Javice and Amar paid a data-science professor $18,000 to create a list of fake user-generated names and addresses in addition to purchasing a list of 4.5 million student names from a marketing firm.[11][14][17]

JPMorgan Chase claimed that it uncovered the fake user data when it launched an email-marketing campaign and more than 70% of the addresses that were allegedly Frank customers were not successfully delivered.[11][10] The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission charged Javice with fraud, which was filed in U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York.[16][17] Javice was arrested in April 2023 and has denied the allegations.[10][17][18]

In a counter lawsuit, Javice sued JPMorgan Chase for wrongful termination after the bank fired her in November 2022, alleging she was owed millions of dollars for expenses incurred while defending herself against internal investigations.[11][19][16][20] She also claimed the bank violated student privacy laws.[14] In May 2023, a Delaware court ordered JPMorgan Chase to cover Javice's legal fees.[21]

JPMorgan Chase shut down the Frank website in January 2023.[10][22]

In July 2023, Amar was charged with wire fraud, bank fraud, securities fraud, and conspiracy.[10][23]