Franz M. Matschinsky

Franz Maximilian Matschinsky (July 17, 1931 – March 31, 2022) was a German-American medical doctor, pharmacologist, and biochemist. He conducted research in the field of insulin secretion and diabetes therapy.[1]

Franz Maximilian Matschinsky
Born(1931-07-17)July 17, 1931
Breslau, then Germany, now Wrocław, Poland
DiedMarch 31, 2022(2022-03-31) (aged 90)
Wallingford, Pennsylvania
CitizenshipAmerican
EducationHerzog-Heinrich-Schule Liegnitz, Marien-Gymnasium Werl, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (M.D. 1959), Max Planck Institute for Cell Biology, Ladenburg
Known forThe role of hexokinase D in type 2 diabetes
SpouseElke Fritz
ChildrenOne daughter, two sons
AwardsBanting Medal of the American Diabetes Association
Scientific career
FieldsMedicine, biochemistry, pharmacology
InstitutionsMarienhospital Hagen; Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri; Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
ThesisOn the mechanism of the Amanita phalloides toxin phalloidin (1959)
Doctoral advisorOtto Wieland
Other academic advisorsFeodor Lynen, Oliver H. Lowry

Life

Franz M. Matschinsky was born on July 17, 1931, in Breslau, then Germany. He initially grew up in the village of Rothbrünnig Kreis Goldberg (today Brennik, Złotoryja County) in Silesia, where his parents managed a farm. He attended the municipal high school Herzog-Heinrich-Schule in Liegnitz until 1945. In 1946, as a result of the expulsion after the Second World War, the family ended up in the village of Westönnen near Werl (Soest district) in the British Zone of what was later West-Germany. Matschinsky continued his schooling at the Marien-Gymnasium Werl, where he graduated in 1953.

Matschinsky received a BS in Basic Medical Science from the Albert Ludwig University in Freiburg (1953-1955) and then moved to Ludwig Maximilian University in Munich (1955-1959). He received his M.D. in 1959 under Prof. Otto Wieland on the topic of "On the mechanism of the Amanita phalloides toxin phalloidin". During his studies, he spent about one year under Feodor Lynen's personal supervision at the Max Planck Institute of Cell Chemistry in Munich (1955/1956) as a scholarship holder of the German Studienstiftung.

Two years as a postdoctoral fellow in Wieland's laboratory were followed by a period as a medical intern at the Marienhospital in Hagen (1961-1963). During this time he married Elke Fritz[2] to whom he was married until her death in 2019. The couple had a daughter and two sons. Shortly after the birth of their first child, he continued his scientific training with Oliver H. Lowry in the department of pharmacology at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri, United States (1963-1965). At this university, he was then Assistant (1965-1968), Associate (1968-1972), and Full Professor of Pharmacology (1972-1978).

In 1978, he moved to Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, where he became director of the diabetes center (until 1998) and professor of biochemistry and biophysics. During this time, he was also full professor of these subjects at the school of medicine (1984-1993).

He was active in research and teaching until his retirement in 2021.[3] He died on March 31, 2022, at his home in Wallingford near Philadelphia.

Research

After moving to the US he studied the metabolism of the insulin-producing pancreatic islets and ultimately discovered the essential role of glucokinase (liver and pancreas hexokinase)[4][5] in the regulation of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.[6] In subsequent studies, Dr Matschinsky illuminated a role for manipulation of glucokinase in correcting metabolic defects in human pancreatic islet cells and other tissues involved in type 2 diabetes. Current knowledge on the role of glucokinase in the β cell and its misfunction causing diabetes is to a large extent based on work conducted by Dr Matschinsky over the years. He published over 300 papers[7] over his career. He was editor-in-chief of Diabetes (2002 - 2006).[8]

Awards

He has received several awards for his research in the field of insulin secretion and diabetes therapy:

References
  1. https://www.med.upenn.edu/idom/memorial.html Memorial at Penn University
  2. https://www.lyonsfs.com/memorials/elke-matschinsky/4005714/index.php Obituary Elke Matschinsky
  3. PSOM 2021 Retiree Slideshow Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
  4. The liver and pancreatic hexokinase D is no more specific for glucose than the other mammalian hexokinase isoenzymes, and strictly the name glucokinase refers to enzymes of bacteria that are highly specific for glucose. However, it is almost universally applied to hexokinase D.
  5. Cárdenas, M. L.; Rabajille, E.; Niemeyer, H. (1984). "Fructose is a good substrate for rat-liver glucokinase (hexokinase D)". Biochem. J. 222 (2): 363–370. doi:10.1042/bj2220363. PMC 1144187. PMID 6477520.
  6. Matschinsky FM, Ellerman JE: Metabolism of glucose in islets of Langerhans. J Biol Chem 243:2730-2736, 1968
  7. "Researchgate: F.M. Matschinsky".
  8. New Editorial Team Diabetes Journal Diabetes 2007;56(1):1–2 https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-9900
  9. A Lesson in Metabolic Regulation Inspired by the Glucokinase Glucose Sensor Paradigm Banting Lecture 1995
  10. Professor Franz Matschinsky receives the Rolf Luft Award 2020 Karolinska Institute Stockholm
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