Teluk Gilimanuk-class landing ship

The Teluk Gilimanuk class is a class of medium landing ship (LSM) that currently being operated by Indonesian Navy. They were originally built in East Germany for the Volksmarine as the Hoyerswerda class (NATO reporting name: Frosch I and II classes). These ships were acquired by Indonesian Navy in the 1990s.[2]

KRI Teluk Manado
Class overview
Name
  • Teluk Gilimanuk class
  • Hoyerswerda class / Frosch class
BuildersVEB Peenewerft, Wolgast
Operators
Preceded byTeluk Semangka class
Succeeded byTeluk Bintuni class
Built1974–1980
In service
  • 1976-1990 (Volksmarine)
  • 1993–present (Indonesian Navy)
Planned14
Completed14
Active11
Lost2
Retired1
General characteristics
TypeMedium landing ship
Displacement
Length
  • Frosch I: 98 m (321 ft 6 in)
  • Frosch II: 90.7 m (297 ft 7 in)
Beam11.1 m (36 ft 5 in)
Draught2.8 m (9.2 ft)
Installed power
  • Frosch I:
  • 5,000 hp (3.7 MW)
  • Frosch II:
  • 4,408 hp (3.242 MW)
Propulsion
  • 2 x 61B 4A diesel engines
  • 2 x shafts
Speed18 knots (33 km/h; 21 mph)
Capacity11 amphibious tanks or 400–600 tons cargo
Troops1 company of marines
Complement46
Sensors and
processing systems
  • TSR-333 I-band navigation radar[1]
  • MR-302 Strut Curve F-band air/surface radar[1]
Electronic warfare
& decoys		2 x PK-16 chaff launchers[1]
Armament

Design

Teluk Gilimanuk or Hoyerswerda class consisted of two variants, the Project 108 (Frosch I) regular medium landing ship and Project 109 (Frosch II) combat support ship.

Project 108 (Frosch I) has a length of 98 m (322 ft), a beam of 11.1 m (36 ft), with a draught of 2.8 m (9.2 ft) and their displacement is 1,950 long tons (1,980 t) at full load. The ships is powered by two diesel engines, with total power output of 5,000 metric horsepower (3.7 MW) distributed in two shafts.[1]

Project 109 (Frosch II) has a length of 90.7 m (298 ft), a beam of 11.1 m (36 ft), with a draught of 2.8 m (9.2 ft) and their displacement is 1,700 long tons (1,700 t) at full load. The ships is powered by two diesel engines, with total power output of 4,408 metric horsepower (3.242 MW) distributed in two shafts.[3]

Both variants have a speed of 18 knots (33 km/h)[1]

They both have a complement of 46 personnel.[3]

The Project 108 has a cargo capacity of 600 long tons (610 t), while the Project 109 has a cargo capacity of 650 long tons (660 t). They are equipped with a 5-ton crane amidships.[1][3]

The ships were initially armed with two АК-725 twin 57 mm guns, complemented by two AK-230 twin barrel 30 mm guns for Project 108, and two 2М-3 twin 25 mm autocannons for Project 109. Some ships of Project 108 were also equipped with two 40-tube 122 mm rocket launchers. Both variants were also equipped with Muff Cob fire control radar.[4][5] In Indonesian service, the Project 108 ships were rearmed with one single Bofors 40 mm L/60 gun, one twin V-11 37 mm L/63 guns, and two twin 2М-3 25 mm autocannons,[1] while the Project 109 were rearmed with two twin V-11 37 mm L/63 guns and two twin 2M-3 25 mm autocannons.[3]

Development

Twelve former German Democratic Republic fast medium landing ships (531 to 542) of the Project 108 (Frosch I) class were built by VEB Peenewerft, Wolgast, to an East German design, between 1976 and 1979. This class was named after the East German town of Hoyerswerda.

Logistic support ships of the Project 109 (Frosch II) class were built by the same shipyard as a development of the Frosch I landing ships. Originally commissioned in the Volksmarine on between October 1979 and February 1980.

Transfer

The Hoyerswerda class ships, and two support ships of the Project 109 (Frosch II) class, were officially transferred to Indonesian Navy, a on 25 August 1993. Refitted in German yards prior to transfer, where all armament was removed, to be replaced later by Indonesia after delivery.

The Hoyerswerda class ships were a valuable addition to the Indonesian Navy's landing forces in view of the block obsolescence of their, then current, LST Mark 3 landing ships, obtained from the United States.[6] The LST Mark 3's were designed in 1943, and built before 1946. They were powered by steam engines.Rottman, Gordon L. (2005). Landing Ship Tank (LST) 1942–2002. New Vanguard No. 115. Osprey Publishing. p. 6. ISBN 978-1-84176-923-3.

After transfer to Indonesia, the two logistic support ships of the Project 109 (Frosch II) class were fitted with 37 mm guns, and with rocket launchers mounted forward of the bridge. They were commissioned 25 April 1995.[3]

The Teluk Gilimanuk-class ships were bought on 3 September 1992 based on President Instruction No. 3/1992 that was issued by late President Soeharto. The procurement also included 16 Parchim and 9 Kondor-class vessels worth a total cost of $482 million.[7]

Operational history

Originally fourteen Teluk Gilimanuk-class LSMs were commissioned by the Indonesian Navy. All were built by VEB Peenewerft.

As of 2022 eleven ships are in active service, two were lost in accidents and one ship was retired.

Construction data
Name Hull no. Subclass/​Project Laid down Launched Acquired Status
Teluk Gilimanuk 531 Project 108 (Frosch I)[6][1] 25 November 1974 1 July 1975 12 July 1994 Active. Ex-Hoyerswerda
Teluk Celukan Bawang 532 7 March 1975 19 December 1975 25 February 1994 Active. Ex-Hagenow
Teluk Cendrawasih 533 10 June 1975 2 January 1976 9 December 1994 Active. Ex-Frankfurt/Oder
Teluk Berau 534 10 September 1975 15 July 1976 10 March 1995 Stricken and sank in 2012 after used as target ship for Yakhont missile during Armada Jaya XXXI Exercise.[8] Ex-Eberswalde-Finow
Teluk Peleng 535 11 December 1975 2 October 1976 23 September 1993 Foundered in November 2013 after a collision with concrete bollard.[9] Ex-Lubben
Teluk Sibolga 536 17 March 1976 18 January 1977 15 December 1993 Active. Ex-Schwerin
Teluk Manado 537 21 August 1976 6 April 1977 2 June 1995 Active. Ex-Neubrandenburg
Teluk Hading 538 22 November 1976 10 June 1977 12 July 1994 Active. Ex-Cottbus
Teluk Parigi 539 21 February 1977 22 September 1977 21 July 1995 Active. Ex-Anklam
Teluk Lampung 540 5 May 1977 27 December 1977 26 April 1994 Active. Ex-Schwedt
Teluk Jakarta 541 18 August 1977 8 March 1978 19 September 1994 Sank after being hit by high waves near Kangean Island in July 2020.[10] Ex-Eisenhüttenstadt
Teluk Sangkulirang 542 2 November 1977 30 May 1978 9 December 1994 Active. Ex-Grimmen
Teluk Cirebon 543 Project 109 (Frosch II)[3] 26 January 1978 30 August 1978 25 April 1995 Active. Ex-Nordperd
Teluk Sabang 544 16 April 1978 30 October 1978 25 April 1995 Active. Ex-Südperd

See also

References
  1. Saunders 2009, p. 362.
  2. "Frosch Class: Tulang Punggung Armada Landing Ship Tank TNI AL". September 1, 2013.
  3. Saunders 2009, p. 365.
  4. Moore 1984, p. 186.
  5. Moore 1984, p. 188.
  6. Gardiner & Chumbley 1995, p. 180.
  7. "Tenggelamnya KRI Teluk Jakarta, Kapal Perang Bekas Negara Komunis". tirto.id.
  8. "Rudal Yakhont Tenggelamkan Eks KRI Teluk Berau". Surya (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 2018-05-13. Retrieved 2018-05-12.
  9. "Tabrak Pilar Beton Saat Bersandar, KRI Teluk Peleng Karam". Republika Online (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 2018-05-13. Retrieved 2018-05-12.
  10. Galih, Bayu (15 July 2020). "Kronologi Tenggelamnya KRI Teluk Jakarta 541 di Dekat Pulau Kangean". Kompas.com (in Indonesian).

Bibliography
  • Gardiner, Robert; Chumbley, Stephen, eds. (1995). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1947–1995. Annapolis, Maryland, USA: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-132-7.
  • Moore, Capt. John (1984). Jane's Fighting Ships 1984-85. Jane's Information Group. ISBN 978-0710607959.
  • Saunders, Stephen, ed. (2009). Jane's Fighting Ships 2009-2010. Jane's Information Group. ISBN 9780710628886.
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