Fumaria

Fumaria (fumitory or fumewort, from Latin fumus terrae, "smoke of the earth") is a genus of about 60 species[1] of annual flowering plants in the family Papaveraceae. The genus is native to Europe, Africa and Asia, most diverse in the Mediterranean region, and introduced to North, South America and Australia.[2] Fumaria species are sometimes used in herbal medicine. Fumaria indica contains the alkaloids fuyuziphine and alpha-hydrastine.[3][4] Fumaria indica may have anti-inflammatory and analgesic potential.[5]

For the Roman smokehouses used for aging wine, see Fumarium.

Fumaria
Fumaria officinalis
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Ranunculales
Family: Papaveraceae
Subfamily: Fumarioideae
Tribe: Fumarieae
Subtribe: Fumariinae
Genus: Fumaria
L.
Type species
Fumaria officinalis

Selected species

There are about 50 species:[6]

  • Fumaria abyssinica Hammar
  • Fumaria agraria Lag.
  • Fumaria ajmasiana Pau & Font Quer
  • Fumaria asepala Boiss.
  • Fumaria atlantica Coss. & Durieu ex Hausskn.
  • Fumaria ballii Pugsley
  • Fumaria barnolae Sennen & Pau
  • Fumaria bastardii Boreau
  • Fumaria berberica Pugsley
  • Fumaria bicolor Sommier ex Nicotra
  • Fumaria bracteosa Pomel
  • Fumaria × burnatii Verg.
  • Fumaria capitata Lidén
  • Fumaria capreolata L.
  • Fumaria coccinea R.T.Lowe ex Pugsley
  • Fumaria daghestanica Michajlova
  • Fumaria densiflora DC.
  • Fumaria dubia Pugsley
  • Fumaria erostrata (Pugsley) Lidén
  • Fumaria faurei (Pugsley) M.Linden
  • Fumaria flabellata Gasp.
  • Fumaria × gagrica Michajlova
  • Fumaria gaillardotii Boiss.
  • Fumaria indica (Hausskn.) Pugsley
  • Fumaria judaica Boiss.
  • Fumaria kralikii Jord.
  • Fumaria macrocarpa Parl.
  • Fumaria macrosepala Boiss.
  • Fumaria mairei Pugsley ex Maire
  • Fumaria maurorum Maire
  • Fumaria melillaica Pugsley
  • Fumaria microstachys Kralik ex Hausskn.
  • Fumaria mirabilis Pugsley
  • Fumaria montana J.A.Schmidt
  • Fumaria munbyi Boiss. & Reut.
  • Fumaria muralis Sond. ex W.D.J.Koch
  • Fumaria normanii Pugsley
  • Fumaria occidentalis Pugsley
  • Fumaria officinalis L.
  • Fumaria ouezzanensis Pugsley
  • Fumaria parviflora Lam.
  • Fumaria petteri Rchb.
  • Fumaria platycarpa Lidén
  • Fumaria pugsleyana (Pugsley) Lidén
  • Fumaria purpurea Pugsley
  • Fumaria ragusina (Pugsley) Pugsley
  • Fumaria reuteri Boiss.
  • Fumaria rifana Lidén
  • Fumaria rostellata Knaf
  • Fumaria rupestris Boiss. & Reut.
  • Fumaria schleicheri Soy.-Will.
  • Fumaria schrammii Velen.
  • Fumaria segetalis (Hammar) Cout.
  • Fumaria sepium Boiss. & Reut.
  • Fumaria skottsbergii Lidén
  • Fumaria vaillantii Loisel.

References
  1. Murphy, R.J. (2009)b Fumitories of Britain and Ireland. BSBI Handbook No. 12. ISBN 9780901158406
  2. Lidén, Magnus. 1986. Synopsis of Fumarioideae (Papaveraceae) with a monograph of the tribe Fumarieae. Opera Botanica 88, Copenhagen, Denmark
  3. Pandey MB, Singh AK, Singh JP, Singh VP, Pandey VB .,"Fuyuziphine, a new alkaloid from Fumaria indica." Nat Prod Res 2008 Apr 15;22(6):533-536
  4. http://www.mycobiology.or.kr/Upload/files/MYCOBIOLOGY/35(3)%20157-158.pdf
  5. Rao CV, Verma AR, Gupta PK, Vijayakumar M.,"Anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activities of Fumaria indica whole plant extract in experimental animals." Acta Pharm. 2007 Dec;57(4):491-498
  6. "Fumaria". The Plant List. Retrieved November 4, 2013.
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