Funiculì, Funiculà

"Funiculì, Funiculà" (IPA: [funikuˈli (f)funikuˈla]) is a Neapolitan song composed in 1880 by Luigi Denza to lyrics by Peppino Turco. It was written to commemorate the opening of the first funicular railway on Mount Vesuvius. It was presented by Turco and Denza at the Piedigrotta festival the same year. The sheet music was published by Ricordi and sold over a million copies within a year. Since its publication, it has been widely adapted and recorded.

"Funiculì, Funiculà"
Song
LanguageNeapolitan
Written1880
Published1880
GenreCanzone Napoletana
Composer(s)Luigi Denza
Lyricist(s)Peppino Turco

History
Mount Vesuvius funicular in the 19th century

"Funiculì, Funiculà" was composed in 1880 by Luigi Denza in his hometown of Castellammare di Stabia with lyrics contributed by journalist Peppino Turco.[1] It was Turco who prompted Denza to compose it, perhaps as a joke,[1] to commemorate the opening of the first funicular on Mount Vesuvius in that year.[2][lower-alpha 1] The song was sung for the first time in the Quisisana Hotel[lower-alpha 2] in Castellammare di Stabia. It was presented by Turco and Denza at the Piedigrotta festival during the same year and became immensely popular in Italy and abroad.[5] Published by Casa Ricordi, the sheet music sold over a million copies in a year.[1]

Over the years the song has been performed by many artists including Joseph Schmidt, Erna Sack, Anna German, Mario Lanza, Beniamino Gigli, The Mills Brothers, Connie Francis, Haruomi Hosono (with lyrics translated into Japanese), Fischer-Chöre (with lyrics translated into German), the Grateful Dead,[6] Luciano Pavarotti, Andrea Bocelli, Rodney Dangerfield, Alvin and the Chipmunks, The Wiggles, Larry Groce, VeggieTales, and Il Volo. In 1960, Robert B. and Richard M. Sherman wrote a new set of English lyrics to the melody of "Funiculì, Funiculà" with the title "Dream Boy".[7][8][9] Annette Funicello included the song on her album of Italian songs titled Italiannette and also released it as a single that became a minor hit.[10]

Adaptations and unintentional plagiarism

Music publishers Spear & Dehnhoff of New York City published sheet music for a song titled "Tra-la-la-lee" in 1884, subtitled "A popular dancing song, adapted and arranged by W. T. Harris." It contains English lyrics set to Denza's "Funiculì, Funiculà" melody, and contains no attribution to Denza.[11]

German composer Richard Strauss heard the song while on a tour of Italy six years after it was written. He thought that it was a traditional Neapolitan folk song and incorporated it into his Aus Italien tone poem. Denza filed a lawsuit against him and won, and Strauss was forced to pay him a royalty fee.[12] Russian composer Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov also mistook "Funiculì, Funiculà" for a traditional folk song and used it in his 1907 "Neapolitanskaya pesenka" (Neapolitan Song).[13]

Cornettist Herman Bellstedt used it as the basis for a theme and variations titled Napoli; a transcription for euphonium is also popular among many performers. Modernist composer Arnold Schoenberg arranged a version for the ensemble in 1921.[14]

  • In 1933, Arthur Fields and Fred Hall published a parody of "Funiculì, funiculà" titled "My High Silk Hat".[15] This parody has been republished several times, including in the 1957 Gilwell Camp Fire Book.[16]
  • In the "Mickey and the Beanstalk" segment of the 1947 Disney film Fun and Fancy Free, Goofy and Donald Duck sing a song to the tune of "Funiculì, Funiculà" called "Eat Until I Die," detailing all of the food they, as starving peasants, want to eat.
  • In the live action movie The Adventures of Pinocchio (1996 film), they had a Luigi's Welcome song parodied to the Funiculi, Funicula.
  • In the late 1970s and in the 1980s the song was performed more than 20 times by the Grateful Dead during tunings.[17]
  • The VeggieTales episode Lyle the Kindly Viking features the song in its Silly Songs with Larry segment, entitled "Larry's High Silk Hat"; heavily inspired by the 1933 parody, "My High Silk Hat".
  • In 2004, Activision published a video-game version of the Sam Raimi Spider-Man 2 movie. In the movie and in the game, Spider-Man's alter ego Peter Parker has a job delivering pizzas. In the game, the player must deliver pizzas to various places throughout New York City before a shortened accordion and flute version of "Funiculì, Funiculà" finishes playing. As the game version of the song progresses, the tempo increases and the key shifts progressively higher, indicating that the song is nearing its end. Today, it is now known as an internet meme.[18]
  • The song title is used in the novel Before the Coffee Gets Cold by Toshikazu Kawaguchi, as the name of the coffee shop in which the story is set. The song is referenced in the second short story. (Book originally published in Japanese - 2015, translated into English and released 2019).
  • An arrangement of the song is playable in the 2022 video game Trombone Champ.
  • The tune can be heard in the track "Funiculi Holiday" during the tutorial stage of the 2023 indie game Pizza Tower. In demos of the game, a direct cover of "Funiculi Funicula" was used, before being replaced by "Funiculi Holiday" for the final release.
  • In the 2023 Mark Twain Prize, where Idina Menzel, she sang to this song "Funiculi, Funicula" in their Opera Man.

References

Informational notes

  1. The funicular was later destroyed by the eruption of Vesuvius in 1944.[3]
  2. According to one source, Denza was the son of the proprietor of the Quisisana Hotel.[4]

Bibliography

  1. Meloncelli, Raoul (1990). "Luigi Denza". Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (in Italian). Retrieved 26 January 2015 – via Treccani.
  2. Fuld, James J. (2000). The Book of World-famous Music: Classical, Popular, and Folk (5th ed.). Courier. p. 240. ISBN 978-0-486-41475-1.
  3. Smith, Paul (March 1998). "Thomas Cook & Son's Vesuvius Railway" (PDF). Japan Railway & Transport Review: 10–15. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 October 2006. Retrieved 26 January 2015.
  4. Nuova Antologia di Lettere, Scienze ed Arti (in Italian). Direzione della Nuova Antologia. 1908. p. 576.
  5. Randel, Don Michael (1996). The Harvard Biographical Dictionary of Music. Harvard University Press. pp. 209–210. ISBN 978-0-674-37299-3.
  6. Trager, Oliver (1997). The American Book of the Dead. Simon & Schuster. p. 12. ISBN 978-0-684-81402-5.
  7. Catalog of Copyright Entries Series 3. U.S. Govt. Print. Off. June 1960. p. 106. Dick Sherman and Bob Sherman. NM; 'new words to P.D. tune"
  8. "The Cashbox Pick of the Week". Cashbox. 22 (19): 16. 21 January 1961.
  9. Whitburn, Joel (2008). Joel Whitburn Presents Across the Charts: The 1960s. Record Research. p. 22. ISBN 978-0-89820-175-8.
  10. "Annette Funicello Dream Boy Chart History". Billboard. 27 February 1961. Retrieved 8 April 2018.
  11. Harris, W. T. . Spear & Dehnhoff, New York, monographic, 1884. Notated Music. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, <www.loc.gov/item/sm1884.16451/>.
  12. Foreman, Edward (2001). Authentic Singing: The History of Singing. Pro Musica. ISBN 978-1-887-11712-8.
  13. Slonimsky, Nicolas (2004). Slonimsky Yourke, Electra (ed.). Nicolas Slonimsky: Russian and Soviet music and composers. Routledge. p. 17. ISBN 978-0-415-96866-9.
  14. "273. Denza: Funiculi, funicula". Schoenberg Archives. Archived from the original on 17 February 2015. Retrieved 26 January 2015.
  15. Get Together Songs.
  16. Hazlewood, Rex; Thurman, John (1957). The Gilwell Camp Fire Book: Songs and yells from fifty years of Scouting.
  17. " "Grateful Dead Archive Online". Grateful Dead Archive Online. Retrieved 13 May 2022.
  18. "Spider-Man 2 Pizza Delivery Theme". knowyourmeme.com. Retrieved 24 May 2023.
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