GLS2

Glutaminase 2 (liver, mitochondrial) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GLS2 gene.[5]

GLS2
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesGLS2, GA, GLS, LGA, hLGA, glutaminase 2
External IDsOMIM: 606365 MGI: 2143539 HomoloGene: 40861 GeneCards: GLS2
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

27165

216456

Ensembl

ENSG00000135423

ENSMUSG00000044005

UniProt

Q9UI32

Q571F8

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001280796
NM_001280797
NM_001280798
NM_013267
NM_138566

NM_001033264
NM_001285777
NM_001285779

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001267725
NP_001267726
NP_001267727
NP_037399

NP_001028436
NP_001272706
NP_001272708

Location (UCSC)Chr 12: 56.47 – 56.49 MbChr 10: 128.03 – 128.05 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Structure

The GLS2 gene is on the 12th chromosome in humans, with its specific location being 12q13.3. It contains 19 exons.[5]

Function

GLS2 is a part of the glutaminase family. The protein encoded by this gene is a mitochondrial phosphate-activated glutaminase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of glutamine to stoichiometric amounts of glutamate and ammonia. Originally thought to be liver-specific, this protein has been found in other tissues as well. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants that encode different isoforms.

Clinical significance

GLS2 has interesting molecular relationships with tumor progression and cancer. Glutaminase 2 negatively regulates the PI3K/AKT signaling and shows tumor suppression activity in human hepatocellular carcinoma.[6] Additionally, silencing of GLS and overexpression of GLS2 genes cooperate in decreasing the proliferation and viability of glioblastoma cells.[7]

References

  1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000135423 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000044005 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. "Entrez Gene: Glutaminase 2 (liver, mitochondrial)".
  6. Liu J, Zhang C, Lin M, Zhu W, Liang Y, Hong X, Zhao Y, Young KH, Hu W, Feng Z (May 2014). "Glutaminase 2 negatively regulates the PI3K/AKT signaling and shows tumor suppression activity in human hepatocellular carcinoma". Oncotarget. 5 (9): 2635–47. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.1862. PMC 4058033. PMID 24797434.
  7. Szeliga M, Bogacińska-Karaś M, Różycka A, Hilgier W, Marquez J, Albrecht J (Mar 2014). "Silencing of GLS and overexpression of GLS2 genes cooperate in decreasing the proliferation and viability of glioblastoma cells". Tumour Biology. 35 (3): 1855–62. doi:10.1007/s13277-013-1247-4. PMC 3967065. PMID 24096582.

Further reading

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.


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