Gabriel Scally (physician)

Gabriel Scally was born in September 1954 in Belfast,[1] where his father Brian Scally was a consultant psychiatrist at the Muckamore Abbey Hospital.[2] He attended St Mary's Christian Brothers Grammar School before gaining admission to study medicine at Queen's University Belfast.[3] As a medical student in 1977, he had visited Chile on behalf of the International Union of Students.[4] In 1978 he graduated from Queen's University Belfast before completing his master's degree in community medicine (later called public health) at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine in 1982.[1][5]

Scally completed his early medical training in Northern Ireland. Prior to his roles in public health, he worked in general practice.[1][6] For four years from 1989 he was director of public health for the Eastern Health and Social Services Board and chief administrative officer in Northern Ireland.[7]

Despite opposition, he contributed to the founding of a young people's sexual health service.[5] With reference to health in Northern Ireland, he had voiced his concerns in the Opsahl inquiry that the Troubles had set back significant time and discussion about important health determinants because of attention diverted to media and politics.[7][8] This, in turn, caused "policy deficit", a term he coined.[9][10]

In 1993 he moved to England to take up the post of regional director of public health (RDPH) first for South East Thames and later for the South and West Regional Health Authority.[1][11]

In 1998, together with Sir Liam Donaldson in Donaldsons' Essential Public Health, he defined clinical governance as:

a framework through which NHS organisations are accountable for continually improving the quality of their services and safeguarding high standards of care by creating an environment in which excellence in clinical care will flourish.[6][12][13]

The concept evolved in response to high-profile cases such as the Bristol heart scandal, the Shipman Inquiry and the Alder Hey organs scandal.[14] In light of the increasing number of public health personnel not trained in medicine, he advocated that they also be subject to statutory regulation.[15][16] The concept of 'clinical governance' also featured in the British Medical Journal issue celebrating the NHS’s 50th anniversary.[17]

Subsequently, during his position as RDPH in England, he became involved in a number of clinical failure inquiries, including pathology in Swindon, breast screening in Exeter and abuse in Winterbourne.[5][11][18][19] He also led public health improvement programmes including Smokefree South West and Healthy Schools Plus and the creation of the Office of Sexual Health.[20]

In March 2012, in opposition to the then Health Secretary, Andrew Lansley's, plans for the NHS, Scally resigned from England's Department of Health as a consequence of the then Conservative-Liberal Democrats' coalition government's health policies. Subsequently, he was appointed as an associate fellow at the Institute for Public Policy Research think tank, and as a visiting chair at the University of Bristol and the University of the West of England, where he was also director the World Health Organization Collaborating Centre on Healthy Urban Environments.[5][11][21][22] In 2013, on the subject of food adulteration, he said that it was not a new problem.[23]

He is also chairman of the Soil Association.[5]

In 2018, he assisted with a report following the inquiry into the deaths of children from hyponatraemia in Northern Ireland.[24][25]

Beginning in May 2018, Scally led an independent inquiry into the failures of cervical screening and CervicalCheck in the Republic of Ireland, following an audit which revealed potential errors in women diagnosed with cervical cancer.[24][26] His findings, including his concerns of the attitudes of some oncologists,[27] were reported in the Scally Report in 2018.[28][29]

With reference to the Cheltenham Festival of 2020, which began 10 March 2020, shortly before announcement of the pandemic, Scally, said the following month that “I think it's very tempting to link [the seeming high number of COVID-19 cases in Gloucestershire] to the Cheltenham Festival. Really, from a health point of view, [it] should have been stopped in advance".[30]

In May 2020, alongside Bobbie Jacobson from Johns Hopkins University and Kamran Abbasi from the British Medical Journal, Scally co-authored an editorial in the British Medical Journal titled "The UK's public health response to covid-19".[31] They described the UK's response to the COVID-19 pandemic as "too little, too late, too flawed", with no adequate plan for community-based case-finding, testing, and contact tracing.[32][33] Their findings were published in the New Statesman,[33] and discussed in Medscape,[34] the British Journal of Social Psychology[35] and the Practice Nurse.[32] Former director of public health, Marie Armitage, described the editorial as a "clear, concise analysis and call to action".[36] In the same year he became a member of the Independent SAGE committee.[5][37]

In 2020 he expressed concerns about the management of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ireland in the newspaper Barron's,[38] the government's plans to end Public Health England (PHE),[39] and the implementation of Operation Moonshot.[40] In Northern ireland during the spring of 2021, as venues and workplaces reopened, he called for ventilation certificates to be introduced.[41]

In 2002, he delivered the Royal College of Physicians' Milroy lecture, titled "The very pests of society’: the Irish and 150 years of public health in England", later published in Clinical Medicine.[42]

In 2017 he was appointed president of the epidemiology and public health section of the Royal Society of Medicine.[5][43] In 2021 he was noted to be its past president.[44]

• The Role of Local Authorities in Health Issues: Eighth Report of Session 2012–13, Vol. 1: Report, Together with Formal Minutes, Oral and Written Evidence. The Stationery Office. 27 March 2013. ISBN 978-0-215-05543-9.

• Gabriel Scally Publications in the British Medical Journal