Gaius Titius Antonius Peculiaris

Gaius Titius Antonius Peculiaris (fl. early 3rd century) was a Roman eques from Aquincum who held important offices in Pannonia.

Gaius Titius Antonius Peculiaris
Born
Aquincum
CitizenshipRoman
Titledecurio coloniae Septimiae Aquincensium

quaestor coloniae Septimiae Aquincensium

aedilis coloniae Septimiae Aquincensium

decurio municipii Aelii Singidunensium

equo publico

IIvir coloniae Septimiae Aquincensium

flamen coloniae Septimiae Aquincensium

sacerdos Arae Augusti nostri provinciae Pannoniae Inferioris
Parent
  • Gaius (father)
Familygens Titia

Life

Peculiaris was born in the Sergia tribe,[1][2] most likely in Aquincum (modern-day Budapest).[3][2] His father Gaius was a member of the gens Antonia, a family that—along with the gens Iulia—practically controlled the tax on trade (portorium) in Illyricum as tenants (conductores). He was thus a relative of Gaius Antonius Rufus, one of the earliest who started this job.[2] Peculiaris, through the adoption of his father,[2] was a late member[4] of the gens Titia,[4][2] an Aquileian merchant family.[4] His father kept his original nomen gentilicium and cognomen.[2] The Titius name was common in Northern Italy and Dalmatia.[5][6] The Antonius name was rare among those Pannonians who descended from the Italian Peninsula and not the eastern provinces.[5] Not many attestations of his cognomen survive, only three from the territory of Pannonia. It means "from own property".[5]

Most likely he lived and held his first administrative posts in his birthplace, having been made decurio there. According to his Bátmonostor inscription, he entered the ordo equester subsequently, and then became the decurio of another city, Singidunum (modern-day Belgrade).[1][7][8] Possibly another inscription from Aquincum baring his name attributes to him. It mentions Peculiaris's decurionatus in both cities.[1][7] This is a peculiarity shared only by one other eques. He was also a member of the city's council.[4] This is explained by the business and possible magistrates of his father there that he may have continued.[4][9][10]

Next, he served as flamen and duumvir in Aquincum and/or Singidunum,[1] most likely the former.[2] He completed the cursus honorum in either of these cities.[1] His appointment as high priest of Pannonia Inferior[1][4][11] at the zenith of career suggests the former. He held this position under a single emperor, so maybe after 212.[1][12] Two of his munera to the inhabitants of Aquincum are known: he gifted a nymphaeum whose water supply he took care of,[13][14] and decorated the forum.[1][15]

References
  1. Agócs 2017, p. 117.
  2. Kovács 2004, p. 82.
  3. Agócs 2017, p. 55.
  4. Agócs 2017, p. 52.
  5. Agócs 2017, p. 116.
  6. Szabó 2003, p. 7.
  7. Kovács 2004, p. 81-82.
  8. Fishwick 2000, p. 257-258.
  9. Kovács 2004, p. 83.
  10. Szabó 2003, p. 203.
  11. Fishwick 2000, p. 258.
  12. Kovács 2004, p. 81.
  13. Agócs 2017, p. 69, 117, 324.
  14. Kovács 2004, p. 80.
  15. Kovács 2004, p. 80, 84.

Sources
  • Agócs, Nándor (2017). 'Dignitas, Auctoritas, Maiestas és Potestas' Pannoniában ['Dignitas, Auctorias, Maiestas and Potestas' in Pannonia] (PDF). Pécs: L'Harmattan. ISBN 9789634145745.
  • Kovács, Péter (2004). "Some notes on the building inscription of C(aius) Titius Antonius Peculiaris from Bátmonostor (CIL III 10496=6452)". In Găzdac, Cristian; Roman, Cristian; Ciongradi, Carmen; Ruscu, Ligia; Ardevan, Radu (eds.). ORBIS ANTIQVVS: Studia in honorem Ioannis Pisonis. Vol. BIBLIOTHECA MVSEI NAPOCENSIS XXI. Cluj-Napoca: National Museum of Transylvanian History. ISBN 973-7951-55-7.
  • Fishwick, Duncan (2000). Merkelbach, Reinhold; Koenen, Ludwig (eds.). "The Career of C. Titius Antonius Peculiaris". Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik. Dr. Rudolf Habelt GmbH. 130. ISSN 0084-5388.
  • Szabó, Edit (2003). A pannoniai városok igazgatása. Urbanizáció, önkormányzat és városi elit a Kr. u. 1–3. században a feliratok tükrében [Management of the Pannonian cities. Urbanization, self-governance and urban elite in the 1–3rd centuries AD from the inscriptions' perspective]. Debrecen.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

Further reading
  • Szabó, Ádám (2006). "Urbs Roma in Aquincum. Insight to the provincial history of the Cult". Epigraphica III. Politai et Cives. Hungarian Polis Studies. 13.
  • Barkóczi, László (1964). Moravcsik, Gyula (ed.). "The Population of Pannonia from Marcus Aurelius to Diocletian". Acta Archaeologica. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó.
  • Alföldi, András (1940). Láng, Nándor (ed.). "Epigraphica III" (PDF). Archaeologiai Értesító. Budapest. I.
  • Frölich, Róbert (1891). Gömöri Havas, Sándor (ed.). "Aquincumnak római feliratai" (PDF). Budapest régiségei. Budapest. 3.
  • Torma, Károly (1874). Henszlmann, Imre; Geduly, Ferenc (eds.). "Adalék Sarmizegetusa és Aquincum felirataihoz". Archaeologiai Értesítő. Budapest: Aigner Lajos Bizománya. 8.
  • Gabler D.: Munera Pannonica. ArchÉrt 93 (1966), 20-35.
  • Fitz, J.: A concilium provinciae Pannonia Inferiorban. AlbReg 11 (1970), 152-153.
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