Gardenia imperialis

Gardenia imperialis
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Gentianales
Family:	Rubiaceae
Genus:	Gardenia
Species:	G. imperialis
Binomial name
	Gardenia imperialis; K.Schum.[1]

Gardenia imperialis is a small to medium sized tree within the Rubiaceae family, it is found in swamp savannahs or forests in Tropical Africa.

Description

The species grows up to 18 meters tall, trunk is greyish in color.[2] Leaves have a simple, opposite arrangement, and are sometime sticky, they are broadly obovate and large in outline; upper surface is glabrous while abaxial surface is sometimes velvety with ant's nesting cavity around the midrib; its leaf-blade is 15–38 cm long and 10–22 cm wide.[3][4] White fragrant flowers, it has large narrow funnel shaped corolla tubes, the outer surface of the tubes is pinkish while the inner surface is whitish.[5] Fruit is ovoid to ellipsoid in shape and reddish-brown in color.[6]

Distribution

The species occurs in Senegal in West Africa, eastwards to Uganda and Southwards towards Zimbabwe.[7] Grows on the margins of streams and lakes, in swamp forests and riverine areas.[2]

Chemistry

Test on root bark extracts identified two triterpenoid compounds, 3-epi-β-amyrin and β-amyrin acetate.[8]

References

Schumann, K. (1896). "Beiträge zur Flora von Afrika. XIII. Rubiaceae africanae". Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie. Vol. 23. p. 442.
"Gardenia imperialis in Global Plants on JSTOR". plants.jstor.org. Retrieved 2021-08-21.
admin. "Gardenia imperialis". Fauna & Flora Of Liberia. Retrieved 2021-08-21.
Coates Palgrave, Keith (2002). Trees of southern Africa. R. B. Drummond, E. J. Moll, Meg Coates Palgrave (3rd ed.). Cape Town: Struik Publishers. ISBN 978-1-920572-74-7. OCLC 1100920070.
Verdcourt, B. (1979). "Notes on African Gardenia (Rubiaceae)". Kew Bulletin. 34 (2): 345–360. doi:10.2307/4109996. JSTOR 4109996.
Eggeling, W. J. (1939). A Descriptive List of the Indigenous Trees of the Uganda Protectorate. University of Edinburgh. p. 511.
Keay, R. W. J. (1958-03-31). "Randia and Gardenia in West Africa". Bulletin du Jardin botanique de l'État à Bruxelles. 28 (1): 15–72. doi:10.2307/3667018. JSTOR 3667018.
Babady-Bila; Tandu, Kulio Rovat (1987). "Triterpenoid constituents from Gardenia imperialis". Monatshefte für Chemie. 118 (10): 1195–1196. doi:10.1007/BF00811292. ISSN 0026-9247. S2CID 100934190.

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[1] Schumann, K. (1896). "Beiträge zur Flora von Afrika. XIII. Rubiaceae africanae". Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie. Vol. 23. p. 442.

[:0-2] "Gardenia imperialis in Global Plants on JSTOR". plants.jstor.org. Retrieved 2021-08-21.

[3] . "Gardenia imperialis". Fauna & Flora Of Liberia. Retrieved 2021-08-21.

[4] Coates Palgrave, Keith (2002). Trees of southern Africa. R. B. Drummond, E. J. Moll, Meg Coates Palgrave (3rd ed.). Cape Town: Struik Publishers. ISBN 978-1-920572-74-7. OCLC 1100920070.

[5] Verdcourt, B. (1979). "Notes on African Gardenia (Rubiaceae)". Kew Bulletin. 34 (2): 345–360. doi:10.2307/4109996. JSTOR 4109996.

[6] Eggeling, W. J. (1939). A Descriptive List of the Indigenous Trees of the Uganda Protectorate. University of Edinburgh. p. 511.

[7] Keay, R. W. J. (1958-03-31). "Randia and Gardenia in West Africa". Bulletin du Jardin botanique de l'État à Bruxelles. 28 (1): 15–72. doi:10.2307/3667018. JSTOR 3667018.

[8] Babady-Bila; Tandu, Kulio Rovat (1987). "Triterpenoid constituents from Gardenia imperialis". Monatshefte für Chemie. 118 (10): 1195–1196. doi:10.1007/BF00811292. ISSN 0026-9247. S2CID 100934190.