George Furness

In the early 19th century, the railway was born in Britain. Furness took advantage of this new type of business; from 1842 onwards, he worked on the construction of major railways in the Midlands, Western and Southern counties of England. Among those he contributed to were:

• Abingdon Railway, opened in 1856
• Redditch Railway, opened in 1859
• West Somerset Railway, open in 1862
• Isle of Grain to Port Victoria (Kent), opened in 1882

Some of these still exist.

Ribbon of the Order of the Crown of Italy

When Britain was at the forefront of construction and engineering, specialists where in great demand overseas for their skills. Furness, being one of these skilled workers, was involved in overseas construction works in Brazil and France.

His other specialty was public works. He worked on extensive dredging contracts in Italy (Spezia, Ancona, Livorno and Palermo) for the next 30 years of his life. King Victor Emmanuel III made him a Knight of the Order of the Crown of Italy.

His main work, though, was in Odessa, Russia. After the Crimean War, specialists were needed to renew public works. There, he worked on drainage, paving, and general restorations, along with numerous other works. The overall cost for these labours totalled £750,000.[3]

The Metropolitan Board of Works' headquarters in Spring Gardens

Halfway through the 19th century, the rapid growth of population and the poor state of public works in London caused high pollution of the River Thames. In 1856, the Metropolitan Board of Works was formed and was put in charge of constructing London's first sewage system.

Furness bid for the major section of the Thames Embankment (from Westminster to Waterloo Bridge) and won the contract for £520,000.[2][3] The work began in 1864. Despite slow progress created by friction with his partner, problems with materials, and also financial difficulties, his large section of the embankment was complete by 1870.[2]

His other, and somewhat smaller, contract was the Northern Lower Level Sewer Isle of Dogs Branch, in 1865, valued at £75,456.[3]

Chambers Lane, where the brickworks factory used to be

St. Andrew Church, which was built with Furness' bricks

In the 1870s, a sudden explosion of the construction of houses in Willesden and surrounding areas motivated Furness to form the Willesden Brick and Tile Company, situated on Chambers Lane.[4]

Soon after, an approximately 140-foot (43 m)-high square chimney[2][3] puffed steam and smoke, from many kilns, over the surrounding area. The machinery was powered by a steam engine. It manufactured high-quality, and therefore expensive, durable red bricks. It also made cheaper brown stock bricks. Furness bought large plots of land in the area for his works. These were developed, from pasture land, into residential premises, providing houses, roads and drainage to the whole community.

Many houses, made from these bricks, still house the current Willesden's residents. These include some houses on Ashford Road, Cedar Road, Cricklewood Broadway, Harlesden Road, Ivy Road, Larch Road, Longstone Terrace, Mora Road, Pine Road, and Taylors Lane[2][3]

Furness' bricks were used to erect St. Andrew Church.[3] Schools in Willesden, a number of other churches, along with a school in the surrounding areas also benefited from his brickfactory. The Brick and Tile Company also produced vases, flower pots, drain pipes, glazed bricks, and roof tiles.

Furness became one of Willesden's major employers.[2][4] Many company houses were provided to rent out to employees; those on Parkfield Road are an example.[3]

When Willesden Local Board was formed in 1875 (before this, the district had been administered by the local Vestry meeting), Furness was elected to represent West Willesden and hence became the first chairman. Later on, he represented South Kilburn and East Willesden.[7]

Furness was elected as one of the first representatives to the Middlesex County Council in 1889. He also sat on the Hendon Board of Guardians for many years, and was one of the original members of the School Board.

For three years, he was the people's churchwarden at St. Mary Church, where he was putting his practical knowledge to good uses.[7]

Roundwood Park, originally Knowle Hill or Hunger Hill Common Field

Concerning hospitals, he financially supported the Willesden Cottage Hospital. He was also a governor at St. Mary Hospital.[2]

In 1892, Furness sold the 26 acres (110,000 m²) of Knowles Hill, also known as Hunger Hill Common Field, to the Local Board for a bargain price of £14,500. At this time, it was only a small hillock and some elm and oak trees.[5][6] This eventually became, after much work by Oliver Claude Robson (Surveyor for the Willesden Local Board and later Willesden Urban District Council), the Roundwood Park today, situated in Willesden.[3][5][6]

The family grave of George Furness

Furness' youngest daughter, Agnes Sophia, was murdered by her husband in India in 1899. She was buried in Bandora Churchyard, in Bombei, India. Since that time, Furness' health began to decline, as he suffered from bronchitis and influenza.[2][3]

On 9 January 1900, George Furness, aged 79, died at Roundwood House, Willesden.[3] He is interred in the churchyard of St. Mary Church, Willesden.[1][3][7][8]

His obituary stated: "In public affairs his tenacity of purpose, liberal views, and ready regard for divergent opinions were as noticeable in his private and professional life."[3]

In May 1902, Sarah Rebecca, Mary Woodwis, and Matthew Thomas Bladen were all drowned in a boating accident on the Lakes of Killarney, in Ireland. Only the body of Sarah Rebecca was recovered, and her corpse was brought back to Willesden and buried next to her husband.

George James, Furness' eldest son and only surviving heir, carried on the tradition of his father in Willesden. He sat on the Middlesex County Council and was a JP, MP for West Willesden from 1922 to 1923[7] and High Sheriff of Middlesex.[3] After his death in 1936,[9] his family decided to move out of Willesden. He was buried in St Mary's Church, across the path from his father and mother.[7]

Roundwood House was sold to Willesden District Council on that same year.[7] It no longer stands today because it was destroyed.[3][5][6] The brickwork factory was also sold and demolished.[3]

On George Furness' family grave in St Mary Church are the names of all the George Furness family (except George James Furness). The words for George Furness are as follows:

Furness Road, in courtesy of George Furness

For his contribution to the local community, a road was named after him. It remains to this day; Furness Road.[2] There is also a school named Furness Primary School on that road.[10]

Other roads in the immediate vicinity of Furness Road are also named after his key areas of activity: Ancona Road; Spezia Road; Palermo Road and Odessa Road; all adjacent to Furness Road.

Additionally, a block of flats is called George Furness House. They stand on Grange Road.[11]

• Cliff Wadsworth. George Furness; Willesden's Greatest Resident?. Willesden Local History Society. p. 24.

• Cliff Wadsworth. Roundwood Park. Notes on its history. Willesden Local History Society. p. 22.

• "George Furness, Willesden's greatest resident". Brent Heritage. 2002.
• "Secret History". Brent Magazine. October 2005.

• "Willesden, London Borough of Brent". Brent Heritage. 2002. Archived from the original on 18 July 2014. Retrieved 7 April 2009.

• "Roundwood Park". London Northwest.com Limited.
• "Roundwood Park". Brent Heritage. 2002.

• "Church Yard Tour". St Mary Church. 2007.
• "Cliff Wadsworth talks about St. Mary's Church in Willesden". Brent Council London. 28 January 2009.
• "We love Brent". Brent Magazine. February 2009.