Gonarezhou National Park

Gonarezhou National Park is a national park located in southeastern Zimbabwe.[2][3] It is situated in a relatively remote corner of Masvingo Province, south of Chimanimani along the Mozambique border. Owing to its vast size, rugged terrain and its location away from main tourist routes, large tracts of Gonarezhou remain pristine wilderness.

Gonarezhou National Park
Buffalo Bend on the Mwenezi River, Gonarezhou National Park, Zimbabwe
LocationChiredzi (District), Zimbabwe.
Coordinates21°40′S 31°40′E
Area5,053 km2 (1,951 sq mi)[1]
Established1975

At 5,053 km2, Gonarezhou is the country's second-largest national park, after Hwange National Park.[1] The name Gonarezhou is translated from the Shona meaning "The Place of Elephants".

Gonarezhou National Park forms part of the Great Limpopo Transfrontier Park, a peace park that links Gonarezhou with the Kruger National Park in South Africa and the Limpopo National Park in Mozambique. Animals can move freely between the three sanctuaries. The northeastern end of Gonarezhou is located within the Zambezian and mopane woodlands, while the southwestern end is located within the Southern Africa bushveld ecoregion.

History

The Gonarezhou National Park was first established as a protected area in 1936 as a Game Reserve, eventually being proclaimed a National Park in 1975. The park has had a turbulent history and was closed to the public during the Rhodesian War and again during much of the Mozambique civil war but was re-opened in 1994. Between 1994 and 2007, the Gonarezhou National Park was wholly managed by the Zimbabwe Parks and Wildlife Management Authority, however the economic challenges in Zimbabwe up to 2007 meant that there was little reinvestment in infrastructure and protection of the Park. In 2007, the Zimbabwe Parks and Wildlife Management Authority entered into a financial and technical assistance model for the Gonarezhou National Park with the Frankfurt Zoological Society. This model lasted up until 2017 and focused on investing in infrastructure and the protection of the Park's resources. In March 2017, management of the Gonarezhou was handed over to the Gonarezhou Conservation Trust, a co-management partnership between the Zimbabwe Parks and Wildlife Management Authority and the Frankfurt Zoological Society. This co-management model, overseen by a board of trustees represented equally by both partners, was created to establish a platform to enhance investment into the long-term sustainability of the Park - a key feature of which being the retention of tourism funds at a Park level for direct reinvestment into the Gonarezhou.

Features

The Gonarezhou National Park is one of the iconic wilderness areas of Africa, with relatively few tourists but boasting an amazing diversity of landscapes, features, and growing wildlife populations. By far, the most well known and prominent feature of the Park is the Chilojo Cliffs,[4] sandstone cliffs towering 180 meters high and running for some 20 kilometers along the south bank of the Runde River. Other key features in the north of the Park are the two large natural pans, Tembwahata and Machanu, formed at the junction of the Save River and Runde River. In the central and southern areas of the Park are the Naymtongwe Plateau, a remnant of the Chilojo Cliffs, the Ntambambomvu Red Hills, densely wooded hill slopes standing above the Malvernia sand beds and the Mwenezi River Valley, and the Samalema Gorge, where the Mwenezi River carves through solid igneous rock-forming a braided river gorge.

Fauna

Historically the park has been a habitat for the endangered Cape wild dog (Lycaon pictus); and in 2010 there were several sightings of wild dogs in the park. It is thought that the cross-border link to national parks in Mozambique would be the best opportunity to restore or preserve the viability of this species in adjacent national parks[5] in South Africa and Mozambique. Other mammals that inhabit the park are elephant, giraffe, hippopotamus, Cape buffalo, zebra, wildebeest, black and white rhinoceros, lion, leopard, cheetah, and hyena.[3]


Accommodation and camping
Swimuwini Rest Camp
  • Swimuwini Rest Camp - managed by the National Parks and Wildlife Authority, this is self-catering accommodation on the Mwenezi River.
  • Chilojo Cliffs
    Chilojo Cliffs
  • Chilo Lodge
    Chilo Lodge
  • Crocodile, Makokwani Pools
    Crocodile, Makokwani Pools
  • Nyala
    Nyala
  • Makokwani Pools
    Makokwani Pools
  • Rossi Pool and hide
    Rossi Pool and hide
  • Samalena Gorge
    Samalena Gorge
  • View from Wright's Tower
    View from Wright's Tower

See also

References
  1. National Parks and Nature Reserves of Zimbabwe, World Institute for Conservation and Environment Archived 2012-04-16 at the Wayback Machine
  2. "Gonarezhou". Gonarezhou National Park. Retrieved 2022-08-15.
  3. Matiza, T.; Crafter, S. A., eds. (1994). "Wetlands in Zimbabwe: an overview". Wetlands ecology and priorities for conservation in Zimbabwe: proceedings of a seminar on wetlands ecology and priorities for conservation in Zimbabwe. IUCN. pp. 1–20. ISBN 978-2-8317-0202-5.
  4. The Erosion Surfaces of Zimbabwe
  5. C. Michael Hogan (2009). "Painted Hunting Dog: Lycaon pictus". GlobalTwitcher.com. Archived from the original on 2010-12-09.
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