List of French governors of Algeria
In 1830, in the days before the outbreak of the July Revolution against the Bourbon Restoration in France, the conquest of Algeria was initiated by Charles X as an attempt to increase his popularity amongst the French people. The invasion began on 5 July 1830. Afterwards Algeria would become a territory within the French colonial empire from 1830 to 1962, under a variety of governmental systems.
| Governor of Algeria | |
|---|---|
| Gouverneur d'Algérie | |
 Official Arabic seal of the Governor General of Algeria | |
| Reports to | Head of State of France |
| Residence | Algiers:
|
| Formation | 5 July 1830 |
| First holder | Count de Ghaisnes de Bourmont (as Military Commander) |
| Final holder | Christian Fouchet (as High Commissioner) |
| Abolished | 3 July 1962 |
| Succession | President of Algeria |
Seal of the Government-General of Algeria under the Second French Empire, 1865
Seal of the Government-General of Algeria (1960s)
Chronological map of French Algeria's evolution, 1830–1962.
List
(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)
French colony of Algeria (1830–1848)
| Tenure | Incumbent | Notes | Portrait |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5 July 1830 to 12 August 1830 | Louis-Auguste-Victor, Count de Ghaisnes de Bourmont, Military Commander |  | |
| 12 August 1830 to 21 February/21 March? 1831 | General Bertrand Clauzel, comte Clausel, Military Commander | 1st term |  |
| 21 February/21 March 1831 to ?6/21 December 1831 | General Pierre Berthezéne, Baron Berthezéne, Military Commander |  | |
| ?6/21 December 1831 to 29 April 1833 | Anne Jean Marie René Savary, duc de Rovigo, Military Commander |  | |
| 29 April 1833 to 27 July 1834 | Théophile Voirol, Baron Voirol, interim Military Commander |  | |
| 27 July 1834 to 8 July 1835 | Jean-Baptiste Drouet, comte d'Erlon, Governor-General of the French Possessions in Africa |  | |
| 8 July 1835 to 12 February 1837 | Bertrand, comte Clauzel, Governor-General of the French Possessions in Africa | 2nd term | |
| 12 February 1837 to 12/13 October 1837 | Charles Marie Denys, comte de Damrémont, Governor-General of the French Possessions in Africa | Killed in combat during the siege of Constantine |  |
| 12/13 October 1837 to 11 November 1837 | |||
| 11 November/1 December 1837 to 18 December 1840 | Sylvain Charles, comte Valée, Governor-General of the French Possessions in Africa | _-_MV_1176.jpg.webp) | |
| 22 February 1841 to February 1842 | Thomas Robert Bugeaud, Governor-General of the French Possessions in Africa |  | |
| February 1842 to 27 September 1847 | Thomas Robert Bugeaud, Governor-General of Algeria | ||
| 1 September 1845 to 6 July 1847 | Louis Juchault de Lamoricière, acting Governor-General of Algeria | For Bugeaud |  |
| 6 July 1847 to 27 September 1847 | Marie Alphonse Bedeau, acting Governor-General of Algeria | For Begeaud | .jpg.webp) |
| 27 September 1847 to 24 February 1848 | Henri-Eugène-Philippe-Louis d'Orleans, duc d'Aumale, Governor-General of Algeria |  | |
| 24 February 1848 to 29 April 1848 | Louis-Eugène Cavaignac, Governor-General of Algeria |  | |
| 29 April 1848 to 9 September 1848 | Nicolas Changarnier, Governor-General of Algeria | .JPG.webp) | |
| 20 June 1848 to 9 September 1848 | Guillaume Stanislas Marey-Monge, acting Governor-General of Algeria | For Changarnier | .jpg.webp) |
| 9 September 1848 to 4 November 1848 | Viala Charon, Governor-General of Algeria |  | |
French departments of Algeria (1848–1962)
The three Algerian departments, 1848.
Shortly after the July Monarchy of Louis Philippe I was overthrown in the Revolution of 1848, the new government of the Second Republic ended Algeria's status as a colony and declared it in the 1848 Constitution an integral part of France. Three civil departements — Alger, Oran, and Constantine — were organized under a civilian government.
| Tenure | Incumbent | Notes | Portrait |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4 November 1848 to 22 October 1850 | Viala Charon, Governor-General of Algeria | | |
| 22 October 1850 to 10 May 1851 | Alphonse Henri, comte d'Hautpoul, Governor-General of Algeria |  | |
| 10 May 1851 to 11 December 1851 | Aimable-Jean-Jacques Pélissier, Governor-General of Algeria | 1st term |  |
| 11 December 1851 to 31 August 1858 | Jacques Louis Randon, Governor-General of Algeria |  | |
| 24 June 1858 to 21 March 1859 | Prince Napoléon-Joseph-Charles-Paul Bonaparte, Minister for Algeria and the Colonies |  | |
| 21 March 1859 to 24 November 1860 | Prosper, comte de Chasseloup-Laubat, Minister for Algeria and the Colonies |  | |
| 24 November 1860 to 22 May 1864 | Aimable-Jean-Jacques Pélissier, Minister for Algeria and the Colonies | 2nd term | |
| 22 May 1864 to 1 September 1864 | Edmond-Charles de Martimprey, Minister for Algeria and the Colonies |  | |
| 1 September 1864 to 27 July 1870 | Patrice de MacMahon, duc de Magenta, Governor-General of Algiers |  | |
| 27 July 1870 to 23 October 1870 | Louis, Baron Durieu, Governor-General of Algiers |  | |
| 23 October 1870 to 24 October 1870 | Jean Walsin-Esterhazy, Governor-General of Algiers | ||
| 24 October 1870 to 16 November 1870 | Henry-Gabriel Didier, Governor-General of Algiers | ||
| 16 November 1870 to 8 February 1871 | Charles de Bouzet, Prefect of Oran and Extraordinary Commissioner of the Republic | ||
| c. November 1870 to March 1871 | Benoît Vuillermoz, Mayor of Algiers and Head of the Committee of Defence | In rebellion | |
| 8 February 1871 to 21 March 1871 | Alexis Lambert, Prefect of Oran and Extraordinary Commissioner of the Republic | ||
| 21 March 1871 to 10 June 1873 | Louis Henri de Gueydon, Governor-General of Algeria |  | |
| 10 June 1873 to 15 March 1879 | Antoine-Eugène-Alfred Chanzy, Governor-General of Algeria |  | |
| 15 March 1879 to 26 November 1881 | Albert Grévy, acting Governor-General of Algeria | .jpg.webp) | |
| 26 November 1881 to 18 April 1891 | Louis Tirman, Governor-General of Algeria |  | |
| 18 April 1891 to 28 September 1897 | Jules Cambon, Governor-General of Algeria |  | |
| 28 September 1897 to 1 October 1897 | Henri-Auguste Lozé, Governor-General of Algeria |  | |
| 1 October 1897 to 26 July 1898 | Louis Lépine, Governor-General of Algeria |  | |
| 26 July 1898 to 3 October 1900 | Édouard Laferrière, Governor-General of Algeria | %252C_attorney_general_of_the_Court_of_Cassation%252C_France%252C_illustration_by_Thiriat_from_LIllustration%252C_No_3046%252C_13_July_1901.jpg.webp) | |
| 3 October 1900 to 18 June 1901 | Charles Jonnart, acting Governor-General of Algeria | 1st term |  |
| 18 June 1901 to 11 April 1903 | Paul Révoil, Governor-General of Algeria |  | |
| 11 April 1903 to 5 May 1903 | Maurice Varnier, acting Governor-General of Algeria | ||
| 5 May 1903 to 22 May 1911 | Charles Jonnart, acting Governor-General of Algeria | 2nd term | |
| 22 May 1911 to 29 January 1918 | Charles Lutaud, Governor-General of Algeria | .jpg.webp) | |
| 29 January 1918 to 29 August 1919 | Charles Jonnart, acting Governor-General of Algeria | 3rd term | |
| 29 August 1919 to 28 July 1921 | Jean-Baptiste Eugène Abel, Governor-General of Algeria |  | |
| 28 July 1921 to 17 April 1925 | Théodore Steeg, Governor-General of Algeria |  | |
| 17 April 1925 to 12 May 1925 | Henri Dubief, acting Governor-General of Algeria | ||
| 12 May 1925 to 20 November 1927 | Maurice Viollette, Governor-General of Algeria |  | |
| 20 November 1927 to 3 October 1930 | Pierre-Louis Bordes, Governor-General of Algeria | .jpg.webp) | |
| 3 October 1930 to 21 September 1935 | Jules Carde, Governor-General of Algeria |  | |
| 21 September 1935 to 19 July 1940 | Georges le Beau, Governor-General of Algeria | ||
| 19 July 1940 to 16 July 1941 | Jean-Marie Charles Abrial, Governor-General of Algeria |  | |
| 16 July 1941 to 20 September 1941 | Maxime Weygand, Governor-General of Algeria |  | |
| 20 September 1941 to 20 January 1943 | Yves-Charles Chatel, acting Governor-General of Algeria | ||
| 20 January 1943 to 3 June 1943 | Bernard-Marcel-Edmond Peyrouton, Governor-General of Algeria |  | |
| 3 June 1943 to 8 September 1944 | Georges Albert Julien Catroux, Governor-General of Algeria | 1st term |  |
| 8 September 1944 to 11 February 1948 | Yves Chataigneau, Governor-General of Algeria |  | |
| 11 February 1948 to 9 March 1951 | Marcel-Edmond Naegelen, Governor-General of Algeria |  | |
| 12 April 1951 to 26 January 1955 | Roger Léonard, Governor-General of Algeria | ||
| 26 January 1955 to 1 February 1956 | Jacques Soustelle, Governor-General of Algeria |  | |
| 1 February 1956 to 9 February 1956 | Georges Albert Julien Catroux, Governor-General of Algeria | 2nd term | |
| 9 February 1956 to 13 May 1958 | Robert Lacoste, Governor-General of Algeria |  | |
| 13 May 1958 to 1 June 1958 | André Mutter, Governor-General of Algeria | ||
| 13 May 1958 to 23 May 1958 | Jacques Massu, President of the Committee of Public Safety | In rebellion during the May 1958 crisis |  |
| 23 May 1958 to 7 June 1958 | Committee of Public Safety:- |  | |
| Jacques Massu, President of the Central Committee of Public Safety | |||
| Sid Cara, President of the Central Committee of Public Safety | |||
| 7 June 1958 to 12 December 1958 | Raoul-Albin-Louis Salan, Delegate-general of Algeria |  | |
| 12 December 1958 to 23 November 1960 | Paul Delouvrier, Delegate-general of Algeria | .jpg.webp) | |
| 23 November 1960 to 19 March 1962 | Jean Morin, Delegate-general of Algeria | .jpg.webp) | |
| 21 April 1961 to 25 April 1961 | Directorate:- | In rebellion during the Algiers putsch of 1961 | |
| Maurice Challe |  | ||
| André Zeller | |||
| Edmond Jouhaud |  | ||
| Raoul Salan | | ||
| 19 March 1962 to 3 July 1962 | Christian Fouchet, High Commissioner |  | |
| 3 July 1962 to 25 September 1962 | Abderrahmane Farès, High Commissioner and Chairman of the Provisional Executive |  | |
For continuation after independence, see: List of heads of state of Algeria
See also
Sources
- http://www.rulers.org/rula1.html#algeria
- African States and Rulers, John Stewart, McFarland
- Heads of State and Government, 2nd Edition, John V da Graca, MacMillan Press (2000)
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