Graphium leonidas

Graphium leonidas, the veined swordtail, veined swallowtail or common graphium, is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae, found in Sub-Saharan Africa.[2]

Veined swordtail
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Papilionidae
Genus: Graphium
Species:
G. leonidas
Binomial name
Graphium leonidas
(Fabricius, 1793) [1]
Subspecies

See text

Synonyms
  • Papilio leonidas Fabricius, 1793
  • Papilio similis Cramer, 1775
  • Papilio brasidas Felder & Felder, 1864
  • Papilio leonidas ab. interniplaga Aurivillius, 1899
  • Papilio onidale Suffert, 1904
  • Papilio similis umanus Rothschild & Jordan, 1905
  • Papilio leonidas leonidas f. plagifera Le Cerf, 1924
  • Papilio leonidas brasidas f. melusina Le Cerf, 1924
  • Papilio leonidas f. petiveranoides Bryk, 1928
  • Papilio (Cosmodesmus) leonidas leonidas ab. obliterata Dufrane, 1946
  • Papilio (Cosmodesmus) leonidas leonidas ab. subobliterata Dufrane, 1946
  • Papilio (Cosmodesmus) leonidas leonidas ab. vreuricki Dufrane, 1946
  • Papilio (Cosmodesmus) leonidas leonidas ab. mathieui Dufrane, 1946
  • Graphium leonidas leonidas ab. vrydaghi Berger, 1950
  • Graphium leonidas leonidas ab. leucosina Berger, 1950
  • Graphium leonidas leonidas ab. djema Berger, 1950
  • Graphium leonidas ab. cyrnoides Storace, 1953
  • Papilio leonidas var. pelopidas Oberthür, 1879
  • Graphium leonidas zanzibaricus Kielland, 1990
  • Papilio leonidas santa-marthae Joicey & Talbot, 1927
  • Papilio leonidas thomasius Le Cerf, 1924

The wingspan is 75–80 mm in males and 75–85 mm in females. Has continuous broods, peaking from October to April.[3]

The larvae feed on Popowia caffra, Annona, Monanthotaxis, Uvaria, Monanthotaxis caffra, Annona senegalensis, Landolphia ugandensis, L. buchannani, Annickia chlorantha, Friesodielsia obovata, Uvaria and Artabotrys species.[2][3]

Subspecies
  • Graphium leonidas leonidas (Sub-Saharan Africa)
  • Graphium leonidas pelopidas (Oberthür, 1879)[4] (Tanzania: islands of Unguja and Pemba)
  • Graphium leonidas santamarthae (Joicey & Talbot, 1927)[5] (São Tomé and Príncipe: Principe)
  • Graphium leonidas thomasius (Le Cerf, 1924) [6](São Tomé and Príncipe: Sao Tome)
  • Graphium leonidas zanzibaricus Kielland, 1990[7] Tanzania

Taxonomy

It is the nominal member of the leonidas-group of closely species (Graphium leonidas, Graphium levassori, Graphium cyrnus).

References
  1. Fabricius, , J.C. 1793. Entomologia Systematica emendata et aucta 3 (1): 35 (488 pp.). Hafniae.
  2. Graphium, funet.fi
  3. Woodhall, Steve (2005). Field Guide to Butterflies of South Africa. Cape Town, South Africa: Struik. ISBN 978-1-86872-724-7.
  4. Oberthür, C. 1879. Catalogue raissone des Papilionidae. Etudes d’Entomologie 4: 1-117.
  5. Joicey, J.J., & Talbot, G. 1927 New forms of Lepidoptera Rhopalocera. Encyclopedie Entomologique (B.3 Lepidoptera) 2: 1-14.
  6. Le Cerf, F. 1924 Lepidopteres nouveaux de la collection du Museum (Rhopaloceres). Bulletin du Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle. Paris 30: 137-139.
  7. Kielland, J. 1990 in Kielland, J. 1990. Butterflies of Tanzania. Hill House, Melbourne and London: 1-363.
  • Carcasson, R.H. 1960 "The Swallowtail Butterflies of East Africa (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae)". Journal of the East Africa Natural History Society pdf Key to East Africa members of the species group, diagnostic and other notes and figures. (Permission to host granted by The East Africa Natural History Society

Data related to Graphium leonidas at Wikispecies


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