Great East Lake

Great East Lake is an 1,825-acre (7.4 km²)[2] water body located in Carroll County, New Hampshire, and York County, Maine, in the United States. The lake is shared by the towns of Wakefield, New Hampshire, and Acton, Maine, with 45% of its surface area in Acton and 55% in Wakefield.[4] The lake is the farthest upstream of the five headwater lakes of the Salmon Falls River, a tributary of the Piscataqua River. Water from Great East Lake flows out its dam and through the 800-foot (240 m) Newichawannock Canal into Horn Pond, then into the Salmon Falls River below Horn Pond.

Great East Lake
Great East Lake Show map of Maine Great East Lake Show map of New Hampshire Great East Lake Show map of the United States
Location	Carroll County, New Hampshire; York County, Maine
Coordinates	43°35′2″N 70°58′39″W
Type	oligotrophic[1]
Primary inflows	Copp Brook; Scribner Brook
Primary outflows	Salmon Falls River
Catchment area	15.5 square miles (40 km2)
Basin countries	United States
Max. length	5.5 mi (8.9 km)
Max. width	1.1 mi (1.8 km)
Surface area	1,825 acres (7.4 km2)
Average depth	35 ft (11 m) Average transparency: 30 ft (9.2 m)
Max. depth	102 ft (31 m)[2]
Water volume	59,993 acre⋅ft (74,000,000 m3)[3]
Residence time	3.3 years
Shore length1	18.02 mi (29.00 km)[4]
Surface elevation	571 ft (174 m)
Settlements	Wakefield, New Hampshire; Acton, Maine
References	[3]
1 Shore length is not a well-defined measure.

The widest part of the lake is in New Hampshire. The lake narrows to the east in Maine, creating the First, Second and Third basins. Great East Lake is the largest of the Salmon Falls headwater lakes.

Great East Lake supports abundant wildlife, and 21 fish species including lake trout (togue), rainbow trout, smallmouth bass, largemouth bass, American eel, hornpout, white perch, black crappie and chain pickerel.[2]

Water quality monitoring data has been collected since 1974, including 29 years of secchi disk transparencies, 23 years of total phosphorus (TP) data, 20 years of chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) data and 7 years of dissolved oxygen (DO) profiles. Sampling results from Station 1 (1974-2008) show a median TP concentration of 6.4 parts per billion (ppb), a mean secchi disk transparency of 9.2 m (30.2 ft), and a mean Chl-a concentration of 1.2 ppb. The data indicates that Great East Lake is a high quality water by both the Maine Department of Environmental Protection and New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services standards.[4]

The Great East Lake watershed is located in Acton, Maine, and Wakefield, New Hampshire, and covers approximately 9,939 acres (40.2 km²). Great East Lake is part of the Piscataqua River major drainage basin and the Salmon Falls River subdrainage basin. Great East Lake flows into Horn Pond which in turn starts the Salmon Falls River at its outflow. The Salmon Falls River then flows into the Piscataqua River and into the Great Bay estuary and the Gulf of Maine.

The Great East Lake watershed is currently 66% forested, 9% developed, and 52% buildable area. The shoreline of Great East Lake is composed of primarily medium density residential houses and camps (77%). The majority of these structures (64%) are within 50 feet (15 m) of the shoreline.[4]

The Great East Lake Improvement Association (GELIA) was founded in 1932 and has been dedicated to the welfare of Great East Lake, its wildlife, and environment. The nonprofit organization sees education as its primary function to help protect the lake.

Great East Lake has several other programs and organizations dedicated to protecting its pristine water quality. A boat inspection program is run by the NH Lake Host Program where over 1,000 boats are inspected annually for invasive aquatic plants. There is also a weed watchers program (similar to the Invasive Plants Patrollers Program in Maine).