Great Russian Encyclopedia

The Great Russian Encyclopedia (GRE; Russian: Большая российская энциклопедия, БРЭ, transliterated as Bolshaya rossiyskaya entsiklopediya or academically as Bol'šaja rossijskaja ènciklopedija) is a universal Russian encyclopedia, completed in 36 volumes, published between 2004 and 2017 by Great Russian Encyclopedia, JSC (Russian: Большая российская энциклопедия ПАО, transliterated as Bolshaya rossiyskaya entsiklopediya PAO). A successor to the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, it was released under the auspices of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) after President Vladimir Putin signed a presidential decree №1156 in 2002.[1] The complete edition was released by 2017.[2]

Great Russian Encyclopedia
Great Russian Encyclopedia in Vilnius University Library
EditorYury Osipov (editor-in-chief)
IllustratorSeveral
CountryRussia
LanguageRussian
SubjectGeneral
GenreReference encyclopaedia
PublisherGreat Russian Encyclopedia
Publication date
2004—2017
PagesVolume "Russia" – 1008, other volumes – on average 768
Websitebigenc.ru

The chief editor of the encyclopedia was Yury Osipov, the president of the RAS. The editorial board had more than 80 RAS members, including the Nobel Prize laureates Zhores Alferov and Vitaly Ginzburg.[1]

The first, introductory volume, released in 2004, was dedicated to Russia. Thirty-five volumes were released between 2005 and 2017, covering the range from "A" to "Яя" (Yaya).[3] The RAS plans to publish an updated version every five years, although it may not be issued in print after the first edition.

Personnel and management

Contributors

The GRE print version has many contributors eminent in their fields, such as Nobel Laureate physicist Zhores Alferov, theoretical physicist and astrophysicist Vitaly Ginzburg.

Editorial board

Yury Osipov, a mathematician, President of RAS (1991-2013), is the GRE Editor in Chief and Chairman of the Scientific Editorial Board.[4][5][6][7][8]

Managing editor is Sergey Kravets, journalist, editor and cultural figure.

Also in the scientific editorial board are or were:

Sergey S. Averintsev, Eugene N. Avrorin, Sergei I. Adian, Yuri P. Altukhov, Zhores I. Alferov, Boris V. Anan'ich, Alexander F. Andreev, Leo N. Andreev, Dmitry V. Anosov, Vladimir I. Arnold, Sergey N. Bagaev, Nikolai Bahvalov, Oleg A. Bogatikov, Alexander A. Boyarchuk, Evgeny Velikhov, Vladimir A. Vinogradov, Andrei I. Vorobyov, Eric M. Galimov, Andrey V. Gaponov-Grekhov, Mikhail L. Gasparov, Vitaly L. Ginzburg, Georgy S. Golitsyn, Andrei A. Gonchar, Anatoly I. Grigoriev, Abdusalam A. Guseinov, Mikhail I. Davydov, Anatoly P. Derevyanko, Nikolai L. Dobretsov, Yuri I. Zhuravlev, Nicholas S. Zefirov, Yuri A. Zolotov, Viktor P. Ivannikov, Vadim T. Ivanov, Sergei G. Inge-Vechtomov, Alexander S. Isaev, Victor A. Kabanov, Eugene N. Kablov, Sergei P. Karpov, Lev L. Kiselev, Alex E. Kontorovich, Vladimir M. Kotlyakov, Oleg N. Krokhin, Edward P. Kruglyakov, Alexander B. Kudelin, Oleg Y. Kutafin, Nikolai P. Laverov, Viktor P. Legostaev, Nikolai P. Liakishev, Valery L. Makarov, Alexander M. Matveenko, Gennady A. Mesyats, Alexander D. Nekipelov, Alexei V. Nikolaev, Sergey P. Novikov, Yuri S. Osipov, Dmitry S. Pavlov, Alexey N. Parshin, Nikolai A. Plate, Nikolai N. Ponomarev-Steppe, Yuri V. Prokhorov, Alexei Y. Rozanov, Valery A. Rubakov, Alexander Y. Rumyantsev, Dmitry V. Rundkvist, Gennady I. Savin, Victor A. Sadovnichii, Alexander N. Skrinsky, Alexander S. Spirin, Yuri S. Stepanov, Vyacheslav S. Stepin, Michael L. Titarenko, Valery A. Tishkov, Yuri D. Tretyakov, Kliment N. Trubetskoy, Oleg H. Favorsky, Ludvig D. Faddeev, Vladimir Ye. Fortov, Konstantin V. Frolov, Yuri I. Chernov, Gorimir G. Chernii, Alexander O. Chubarian, Vitaly D. Shafranov, Sergey V. Shestakov, Dmitry V. Shirkov.

  • RAS Corresponding Members:

Boris A. Babayan, Vladimir I. Vasiliev, Piama P. Gaidenko, Rudolf V. Kamelin, Michael V. Kovalchuk, Nikolai I. Lapin, Sergey S. Lappo, Alexey V. Yablokov.

Vladimir I. Fisinin.

Dmitry O. Shvidkovskiy .

  • Russian Federation Statesmen:
Aleksandr A. Avdeyev (Culture Minister in 2008–2012),
Andrei A. Fursenko (Minister of Education and Science of the Russian Federation in 2004–2012),
Andrei A. Kokoshin (Secretary of the Russian Security Council in 1998),
Sergey E. Naryshkin (Head of the Presidential Administration of the Russian Federation in 2008–2011, Chairman of the State Duma of the Russian Federation since 2011),
Alexander S. Sokolov (musicologist, Culture Minister in 2004-2008),
Sergey K. Shoigu (Minister of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation in 1994–2012, Defense Minister from 2012),
Mikhail E. Shvydkoi (Culture Minister in 2000–2004),
Alexander D. Zhukov (Deputy Prime Minister in 2004–2011).
  • and also:

Alexei D. Bogaturov, Sergey V. Chemezov, Vladimir V. Grigoriev, Alexei I. Komech, Vladimir A. Mau, D. L. Orlov.

Edition summary

Publication schedule and contents of volumes:

Vol.Title (translit - translation)Publication yearISBNpages
-Россия (Rossija - Russia)2004ISBN 5-85270-326-51008
1A (A)
Анкетирование (Anketirovanie - Questionnaires)		2005ISBN 5-85270-329-X766
2Анкилоз (Ankiloz - Ankylosis)
Банка (Banka – Ocean bank)		2005ISBN 5-85270-330-3766
3«Банкетная кампания» 1904 («Banketnaja kampanija» 1904 - «Banquet campaign» 1904)
Большой Иргиз (Bol'shoj Irgiz)		2005ISBN 5-85270-331-1766
4Большой Кавказ (Bol'shoj Kavkaz - Greater Caucasus)
Великий канал (Velikij kanal - Great Channel)		2006ISBN 5-85270-333-8766
5Великий князь (Velikij knjaz' – The Grand Duke)
Восходящий узел орбиты (Voshodjashchij uzel orbity - ascending node of the orbit)		2006ISBN 5-85270-334-6786
6Восьмеричный путь (Vos'merichnyj put' - Eightfold Path)
Германцы (Germancy - Germanic peoples)		2006ISBN 5-85270-335-4768
7Гермафродит (Germafrodit – Hermaphrodite)
Григорьев (Grigor'ev - Grigoriev)		2007ISBN 978-5-85270-337-8767
8Григорьев (Grigor'ev - Grigoriev)
Динамика (Dinamika - Dynamics)		2007ISBN 978-5-85270-338-5767
9Динамика атмосферы (Dinamika atmosfery - Dynamics of the atmosphere)
Железнодорожный узел (Zheleznodorozhnyj uzel - Railway junction)		2007ISBN 978-585270-339-2767
10Железное дерево (Zheleznoe derevo - Iron Tree)
Излучение (Izluchenie - Radiation)		2008ISBN 978-5-85270-341-5767
11Излучение плазмы (Izluchenie plazmy - Radiation plasma)
Исламский фронт спасения (Islamskij front spasenija - the Islamic Salvation Front)		2008ISBN 978-5-85270-342-2767
12Исландия (Islandija - Iceland)
Канцеляризмы (Kanceljarizmy - Officialese)		2008ISBN 978-5-85270-343-9767
13Канцелярия конфискации (Kanceljarija konfiskacii - Chancery of Confiscation)
Киргизы (Kirgizy - Kirghiz)		2009ISBN 978-5-85270-344-6783
14Киреев (Kireev - Kireyev)
Конго (Kongo - Congo)		2009ISBN 978-5-85270-345-3751
15Конго (Kongo - Congo)
Крещение (Kreshchenie - Baptism)		2010ISBN 978-5-85270-346-0767
16Крещение Господне (Kreshchenie Gospodne - Epiphany)
Ласточковые (Lastochkovye - Hirundinidae)		2010ISBN 978-5-85270-347-7751
17Лас-Тунас (Las-Tunas - Las Tunas)
Ломонос (Lomonos - Clematis)		2011ISBN 978-5-85270-350-7751
18Ломоносов (Lomonosov - Lomonosov)
Манизер (Manizer - Manizer)		2011ISBN 978-5-85270-351-4768
19Маниковский (Manikovskij - Iznikovsky)
Меотида (Meotida - Maeotias)		2012ISBN 978-5-85270-353-8768
20Меотская археологическая культура (Meotskaja arheologicheskaja kul'tura - Meotian archaeological culture)
Монголо-татарское нашествие (Mongolo-tatarskoe nashestvie - Mongol-Tatar invasion)		2012ISBN 978-5-85270-354-5768
21Монголы (Mongoly - Mongols)
Наноматериалы (Nanomaterialy - Nanomaterials)		2013ISBN 978-5-85270-355-2768
22Нанонаука (Nanonauka - Nanoscience)
Николай Кавасила (Nikolaj Kavasila - Nicholas Kabasilas)		2013ISBN 978-5-85270-358-3767
23Николай Кузанский (Nikolaj Kuzanskij - Nicholas of Cusa)
Океан (Okean - Ocean)		2013ISBN 978-5-85270-360-6767
24Океанариум (Okeanarium - Oceanarium)
Оясио (Ojasio - Oyashio)		2014ISBN 978-5-85270-361-3767[9]
25П (P - П)
Пертур (Pertur - Perturbation)		2014ISBN 978-5-85270-362-0765[10]
26Перу (Peru - Peru)
Полуприцеп (Polupritsep - Semitrailer)		2014ISBN 978-5-85270-363-7767[11]
27Полупроводники (Poluprovodniki - Semiconductors)
Пустыня (Pustynya - Desert)		2014ISBN 978-5-85270-364-4767[12]
28Пустырник (Pustyrnik - Motherwort)
Румчерод (Rumcherod - Rumcherod)		2015ISBN 978-5-85270-365-1767[13]
29Румыния (Rumyniya - Romania)
Сен-Жан-де-Люз (Sen-Zhan-de-Lyuz - Saint-Jean-de-Luz)		2015ISBN 978-5-85270-366-8767[14]
30Сен-Жерменский мир 1679 (Sen-Zhermenskiy mir 1679 - Saint-Germain Treaty 1679)
Социальное обеспечение (Sotsial'noye obespecheniye - Social security)		2016ISBN 978-5-85270-367-5767[15]
31Социальное партнёрство (Sotsial'noye partnyorstvo - Social partnership)
Телевидение (Televideniye - Television)		2016ISBN 978-5-85270-368-2768[16]
32Телевизионная башня (Televizionnaya bashnya - Television tower)
Улан-Батор (Ulan-Bator - Ulaanbaatar)		2016ISBN 978-5-85270-369-9768[17]
33Уланд (Uland - Uhland)
Хватцев (Khvatsev - Khvatsev)		2017ISBN 978-5-85270-370-5799[18]
34Хвойка (Khvoyka - Khvoyka)
Шервинский (Shervinsky - Shervinsky)		2017ISBN 978-5-85270-372-9799[19]
35Шервуд (Shervud - Sherwood)
Яя (Yaya - Yaya)		2017ISBN 978-5-85270-373-6799[20]

Electronic version

In April 2016, an electronic version of the Great Russian Encyclopedia was published at bigenc.ru, with 12,000 articles; by 2018 the entire print edition was published on the site, with additional and updated articles.

Criticism

While it was widely recognized that the Great Soviet Encyclopedia needed a replacement, the need for a print encyclopedia has been questioned, since many other analogues have now moved online, such as the Encyclopædia Britannica and the Brockhaus Enzyklopädie.[21]

Critics complain that many of the biographies, historical entries, and cultural articles are narrow and biased: according to writer and literary critic Nikolai Podosokorsky, several of the articles are "quite superficial" and "the lists of references at the end were often extremely biased". While admitting that some of the articles in the encyclopedia were "excellent", Podosokorsky still stated that he maintained a generally negative view of the project.[21]

References
  1. "GRE in 30 volumes" (in Russian). GRE official website. 2006. Retrieved 2014-10-31.
  2. Сергей Кравец: Российская энциклопедия — это и есть мы (in Russian). Evening Moscow. 2012-06-12. Archived from the original on 2013-11-09. Retrieved 2014-05-02.
  3. "row 42 of price list" (in Russian). GRE official website. 2017. Retrieved 2017-10-31.
  4. Title page of BDT Volume 1
  5. Title page of BDT volume 21
  6. Title page of BDT volume 23
  7. Title page of BDT Volume 27
  8. Title page of BDT Volume 30
  9. Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 24. Oceanarium - Oyashio (in Russian).
  10. Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 25. P - Perturbation (in Russian).
  11. Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 26. Peru - Semitrailer (in Russian).
  12. Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 27. Semiconductors - Desert (in Russian).
  13. Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 28. Motherwort - Rumcherod (in Russian).
  14. Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 29. Romania - Saint-Jean-de-Luz (in Russian).
  15. Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 30. Saint-Germain World 1679 - Social Security (in Russian).
  16. Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 31. Social partnership - Television (in Russian).
  17. Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 32. TV Tower - Ulaanbaatar (in Russian).
  18. Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 33. Uhland-Khvatsev (in Russian).
  19. Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 34. Khvoyka-Shervinsky (in Russian).
  20. Great Russian Encyclopedia. Volume 35. Uhland-Khvatsev (in Russian).
  21. Weir, Fred (23 March 2017). "Russia set to unveil the world's newest print encyclopedia – and its last?". The Christian Science Monitor.
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