Great Synagogue (Łomża)

The Great Synagogue was a historic Jewish synagogue in Łomża, Poland. The synagogue stood at the southeastern corner of the Main Square, at the intersection of today's Giełczyńska and Senatorska streets.

For similarly named synagogues, see Great Synagogue.
Great Synagogue of Łomża
Religion
AffiliationJudaism
StatusDestroyed
Location
LocationŁomża, Poland
Architecture
Architect(s)Enrico Marconi
Completed1889
Destroyed1939 or 1941

It was built from 1878 to 1889 on the initiative of Rabbi Eliezer-Simcha Rabinowicz, and it was designed by Italian-Polish architect Enrico Marconi from Congress Poland.[1]

From 1918 to 1922, the synagogue's chief cantor was Isaac Hirshow.[2]

Destruction

The Great Synagogue was destroyed by the invading Germans either in September 1939, at the very beginning of World War II (according to Polish online Virtual Shtetl),[3] or in September 1941 (according to Pinkas haKehilot), soon after the German attack on the Soviet Union and the creation of the Łomża Ghetto for the Jews from surrounding villages and towns.[1] Most likely the Great Synagogue was destroyed in stages, first burned down, and leveled out later.

At present, only a memorial plaque marks the site of the former synagogue, with an inscription in Polish and Hebrew, which reads:

From July 1941 to November 1942 in the streets: Dworna – now 22-go Lipca, Senatorska, Woziwodzka, Zielona, Żydowska – now Zatylna, and Rybaki, the Nazis set up a ghetto, where they exterminated 9,000 Poles of Jewish ethnicity. 3,500 of them were shot in the woods near the villages of Giełczyn and Sławiec. The German occupiers established 15 ghettos in the towns of Łomża region. The tragic fate of around 40,000 people living in them led to the extermination camp in Treblinka. May the memory of them and of those who were helping them in those terrible days last.[4]

Notes and references
  1. Lomza from its beginnings quoted from Pinkas haKehilot (translated by Stan Goodman)
  2. "Isaac Hirshow". University of Glasgow. Retrieved 30 January 2022.
  3. Łomża, Virtual Shtetl, Museum of the History of Polish Jews Archived 2010-10-20 at the Wayback Machine (Muzeum Historii Żydów Polskich) 2010
  4. Selected Sites of Jewish Interest in Poland, JewishTravel.pl Archived 2011-07-23 at the Wayback Machine

53°10′42″N 22°04′54″E

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