Gunther von Etzel
Franz Hermann Günther von Etzel (December 14, 1862 – January 21, 1948) was a career soldier and general in the Imperial German Army, active in World War I.
Günther von Etzel | |
|---|---|
| Born | December 14, 1862 Magdeburg, Germany |
| Died | January 21, 1948 (aged 85) Wiesbaden, Germany |
| Allegiance | .svg.png.webp){kind=small} German Empire |
| Service/ | Imperial German Army |
| Years of service | 1881-1919 |
| Rank | Generalleutnant |
| Battles/wars | World War I |
Biography
A native of Magdeburg, Etzel entered the Prussian Army in 1881. On September 19, 1901, he was promoted to the rank of major and was sent on May 29, 1902 as military attache to the German Embassy in Tokyo, Japan. During the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905, he was embedded within the Imperial Japanese Army and an official military observer.[1] He remained in Japan as a military attaché until 1906.[2]
After his return to Germany, he was promoted to lieutenant colonel on May 18, 1908 and assigned to the Kurmärkische Dragoon Regiment No. 14, a cavalry unit within the Prussian Army.
In the First World War, Etzel was made commander of the German 33rd Division, which participated in the initial German offensive on the Western Front.[3][4] He was later commander of the Guards Cavalry Division and promoted to lieutenant general on January 27, 1918. From June 23, 1918 he commanded the German XVII Army Corps, and from August 27 of the same year, the German XVIII Army Corps.[5]
He resigned from service on April 4, 1919, and went into retirement. He died in Wiesbaden in 1948.
Honors
- Order of the Red Eagle, 3rd class with Swords on rings
- Order of the Crown, 3rd class with Swords (Prussia)
- Service award (Prussia)
- Military Merit Order, 3rd class (Bavaria)
- Knight's Cross of the House Order of the Wendish Crown (Mecklenburg)
- Military Merit Cross, 2nd class (Mecklenburg-Schwerin)
- Cross of Honour, 3rd class (Reuss)
- Order of the Rising Sun, 3rd class (Japan)
- Officer of the Order of the Crown of Italy
- Order of the Iron Crown, 3rd class (Austria)
- Order of St. Anna, 3rd class (Russia)
- Order of St. Stanislaus, 2nd class with Swords (Russia)
- Iron Cross of 1914, 1st and 2nd class
- Pour le Mérite, awarded 4 August 1917; with Oak Leaves, 26 October 1918.[6]
Notes
- Sisemore, James D. (2003). "The Russo-Japanese War, Lessons Not Learned," p. 109. Archived 2009-03-04 at the Wayback Machine U.S. Army Command and General Staff College.
- Takenobu Yoshitarō. (1906). Japan Year Book, p. 80., p. 80, at Google Books
- 33. Infanterie-Division (Chronik 1914/1918)
- Histories of Two Hundred and Fifty-One Divisions of the German Army which Participated in the War (1914-1918), compiled from records of Intelligence section of the General Staff, American Expeditionary Forces, at General Headquarters, Chaumont, France 1919 (1920), pp. 402–404.
- Militärpass.net Gunther von Etzel
- Pour le Mérite ("Blue Max") recipients Archived 2010-06-13 at the Wayback Machine
References
- Sisemore, James D. (2003). "The Russo-Japanese War, Lessons Not Learned," Archived 2009-03-04 at the Wayback Machine U.S. Army Command and General Staff College.
- Takenobu Yoshitarō. (1906). Japan Year Book. Tokyo: Japan Year Book Office. OCLC 1771764