Haberma tingkok

The Micro Mangrove Crab (Haberma tingkok) is a species of micro-mangrove crab native to Hong Kong.[1] It was first discovered by Stefano Cannicci from the University of Hong Kong and Peter Ng from the University of Singapore in the Ting Kok Mangrove forests in the northeast of Hong Kong[2] and listed on the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) in April of 2017.[3][4] It was the third species placed in the genus Haberma, which was discovered in 2002.[5]

Haberma tingkok
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Arthropoda
Class:
Malacostraca
Order:
Decapoda
Family:
Sesarmidae
Genus:
Haberma
Species:
H. tingkok
Binomial name
Haberma tingkok
Cannacci & Ng 2017

Description

Anatomy

The Micro Mangrove crab displays typical decapode anatomy. Ten limbs, arranged around the lower half of the carapace, are composed of eight multi-jointed legs used for mobility and two claws. The two equally sized claws are located on either side of the mouth and serve as the primary manipulation points for the crab.[6]


Coloration

The top of the Micro Mangrove crab's carapace is a combination of dark olive green and black. The legs are a tan with darker mottling around the top. The underside of the carapace is a light tan with a single black stripe going down the middle.[6] This coloration may help with camouflage, protecting the crab from predators.


Habitat and Diet

The Micro Mangrove crab appears to be arboreal. When it was first discovered in 2017, most specimens were found in mangrove trees in the intertidal zone of the Ting Kok mangrove forest at a height of between 1.5 and 1.8 m. To facilitate climbing trees, the ambulatory legs are thin and long with the third pair of legs being the longest.[6] Due to their tropical habitat, it is assumed that the crabs have developed high plasticity in dealing with abnormal climate changes, including resistance to heat-stress.[7]

There is little information available about the Micro Mangrove crabs’ diet. However, due to the similarity to the Mangrove Tree crabs (Aratus Pisonii), it can be assumed that the Micro Mangrove crabs are omnivores with a diet consisting largely of mangrove tree leaves as well as small invertebrates.[8]


Life Cycle[9]

There is limited information available on the life cycle of the Micro Mangrove crab. It is assumed that the life cycle resembles that of the Mangrove Tree crab, which reproduces throughout the entire year. The crabs can only mate immediately after the female has molted while the protective exoskeleton is still soft. Both female Micro Mangrove crabs and the Mangrove Tree crabs carry the eggs on the underside of the abdomen until the larvae hatch. When hatching begins, the females move into the water and disperse the larvae. The larva undergoes four stages during which major body parts, such as the legs and claws, develop. Each stage lasts approximately one week. The various larval forms are significantly smaller than the adult, ranging in size from 0.3 to 0.7 mm.

The adult Micro Mangrove crab undergoes several molting stages during which it sheds its hard exoskeleton and grows while the new exoskeleton is still soft. The life expectancy of Micro Mangrove crabs is not yet known.[10]

References
  1. "Species New to Science". novataxa.blogspot.com. Retrieved 2017-03-23.
  2. "New species of terrestrial crab found climbing on trees in Hong Kong". Retrieved 2017-03-23.
  3. "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Haberma tingkok Cannicci & P.K.L. Ng, 2017". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2022-04-22.
  4. "New species of terrestrial crab found climbing on trees in Hong Kong -- ScienceDaily". www.sciencedaily.com. Retrieved 2017-03-23.
  5. Estes, Adam Clark. "Wait, Crabs Can Climb Trees?!". Gizmodo. Retrieved 2017-03-23.
  6. Cannicci, Stefano; Ng, Peter L. K. (2017-03-21). "A new species of micro-mangrove crab of the genus Haberma Ng & Schubart, 2002 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Sesarmidae) from Hong Kong". ZooKeys (662): 67–78. doi:10.3897/zookeys.662.11908. ISSN 1313-2970. PMC 5539359. PMID 28769609.
  7. Shrestha, Anish M.S.; I. Lilagan, Crissa Ann; B. Guiao, Joyce Emlyn; R. Romana-Eguia, Maria Rowena; Ablan Lagman, Ma. Carmen (2021-07-29). "Comparative transcriptome profiling of heat stress response of the mangrove crab Scylla serrata across sites of varying climate profiles". BMC Genomics. 22 (1): 580. doi:10.1186/s12864-021-07891-w. ISSN 1471-2164. PMC 8323281. PMID 34325654.
  8. "The Mangrove Tree Crab: Life History". bioweb.uwlax.edu. Retrieved 2022-04-23.
  9. García-Guerrero, Marcelo U.; Hendrickx, Michel E. (2005). "Embryology of Decapod Crustaceans, II: Gross Embryonic Development of Petrolisthes robsonae Glassell, 1945 and Petrolisthes armatus (Gibbes, 1850) (Decapoda, Anomura, Porcellanidae)". Crustaceana. 78 (9): 1089–1097. doi:10.1163/156854005775361089. ISSN 0011-216X. JSTOR 20107582.
  10. ""Aratus Pisonii." The Mangrove Tree Crab". 2022-04-22.


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