Hamengkubuwono II

Hamengkubuwono II (also spelled Hamengkubuwana II, 7 March 1750 – 3 January 1828), born Raden Mas Sundoro,[1] was the second sultan of Yogyakarta 1792–1810,[2] 1811–12[3] and finally 1826–28 during the Java War.

Hamengkubuwono II
Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono II, Sultan Sepuh
Sultan of Yogyakarta
First reign	2 April 1792 – 31 December 1810
Predecessor	Hamengkubuwono I
Successor	Hamengkubuwono III
Second reign	28 December 1811 – 20 June 1812
Predecessor	Hamengkubuwono III
Successor	Hamengkubuwono III
Third reign	20 September 1826 – 3 January 1828
Predecessor	Hamengkubuwono V
Successor	Hamengkubuwono V
Born	Gusti Raden Mas Sundoro (1750-03-07)7 March 1750 Mount Sindoro, Central Java
Died	3 January 1828(1828-01-03) (aged 77) Yogyakarta
Burial	Kotagede, Yogyakarta
Wives	GKR Kedhaton GKR Hemas GKR Kencono Wulan GKR Sultan 27 concubines
Issue	Hamengkubuwono III
Regnal name Ngarsa Dalem Sampeyan Dalem Ingkang Sinuwun Kanjeng Sultan Hamengkubuwana Senapati-ing-Ngalaga 'Abdurrahman Sayyidin Panatagama Khalifatullah ingkang Jumeneng Kaping Kalih ing Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat
House	Mataram
Father	Hamengkubuwono I
Mother	Gusti Kanjeng Ratu Kadipaten
Religion	Islam

He succeeded his father, Hamengkubuwono I who died in 1792. After Daendels pressured him, in December 1810, he was forced to abdicate in favour of his son, Raden Mas Surojo[1] who was made the new sultan, under the name Hamengkubuwono III. However, nearly one year later, in 1811, the English under Stamford Raffles restored him to the throne. However, due to his aggressive behaviour towards the English,[1] six months later in June 1812, he was deposed and exiled to Penang. He returned to Java in 1815, but in 1817, deeming him as a threat, he was exiled for the second time by the Dutch, this time to Ambon.[1]

In 1826, the Dutch decided to return him from exile and restored him as the sultan. His third reign coincided with the Java War. On 3 January 1828, he died. He was succeeded by his great-grandson, Hamengkubuwono V. He was buried in Kotagede[1] instead of the royal graveyard of Imogiri, due to the turbulence at the time.