Hannover CL.III

CL.III
	A German Hannover CL.III shot down by American machine gunners in the First World War.
Role	Ground attack aircraft
National origin	Germany
Manufacturer	Hannoversche Waggonfabrik
Designer	Hermann Dorner
First flight	1917
Primary user	Luftstreitkräfte
Number built	617
Developed from	Hannover CL.II

The Hannover CL.III was a German military aircraft of World War I. It was a two-seat multi-role aircraft, primarily used as a ground attack machine. Like the other Hannover "light-C-class", or "CL" designated aircraft designed by Hermann Dorner, it included an unusual biplane tail, allowing for a greater firing arc for the tail gunner. Until the introduction of the aircraft, such tails had only been used on larger aircraft.

Design

Destroyed German Aircraft -a Hannover CL.III on the Western Front about September 1918 (fate of crew and unit unknown).

Compared to the preceding CL.II, the CL.III had redesigned ailerons with aerodynamic balances that overhung the wingtips, a modification that provided greater manoeuvrability, especially at the low levels that the CL.III was expected to be operating at in its new ground-attack role as the Schutzstaffeln (escort squadrons) were reassigned as Schlachtstaffeln (battle squadrons). It was also intended that it should use the excellent Mercedes D.III engine, but the Idflieg gave priority for these engines to fighter production, and most CL.IIIs were produced with the same Argus engine that the CL.II had used. The Argus engined variant was designated CL.IIIa.

After the war, the CL.III was developed into the HaWa F.3, a limousine aircraft with seats for two passengers in an enclosed cabin, where the gunner's cockpit had been.

Variants

Hannover CL.III: Powered by a 119-kW (160-hp) Mercedes D.III engine.
Hannover CL.IIIa: CL III powered by a 134-kW (180-hp) Argus As.III engine
Hannover CL.IIIb: Experimental model of the CL.III, with a two-bay wing.
HaWa F.3: A post-war limousine conversion of CL.III aircraft, with a 2-seat limousine cabin behind the pilot's cockpit and additional struts between the wings and fwd undercarriage strut mounts.

Operators

German Empire

Luftstreitkräfte

Latvia (Postwar)

Latvian Air Force

Soviet Union

Soviet Air Force

Specifications (CL.IIIa)

Hannover CL.III Baubeschreibung drawing, required by IdFlieg submission regulations

Data from Windsock Datafile No.23[1] & German Aircraft of the First World War[2]

General characteristics

Crew: 2
Length: 7.58 m (24 ft 10 in)
Wingspan: 11.7 m (38 ft 5 in)
Height: 2.8 m (9 ft 2 in)
Wing area: 32.7 m² (352 sq ft)
Empty weight: 717 kg (1,581 lb)
Gross weight: 1,081 kg (2,383 lb)
Powerplant: 1 × Argus As III 6-cyl. water-cooled in-line Piston engine, 130 kW (180 hp) (CL.IIIa)

or 1x 119.3 kW (160 hp) Mercedes D.III (CL.III)

Performance

Maximum speed: 165 km/h (103 mph, 89 kn) at 5,000 m (16,404 ft)
Endurance: 3 hours
Service ceiling: 7,500 m (24,600 ft)
Rate of climb: 3.145 m/s (619.1 ft/min)
Time to altitude: 1,000 m (3,281 ft) in 5 minutes 18 seconds

Armament

Guns: 2; one synchronized 7.92 mm (0.323 in) LMG 08/15 machine gun firing forward, single ring-mounted Parabellum MG 14 in observer's cockpit

References

Grosz, Peter M, Windsock Datafile No.23-Hannover Cl.III, Albatros Publications, 1990. ISBN 0-948414-27-8
Gray, Peter; Owen Thetford (1970). German Aircraft of the First World War (2nd ed.). London: Putnam & Company Ltd. pp. 150–153. ISBN 0-370-00103-6.

Bibliography

Gray, Peter; Owen Thetford (1970). German Aircraft of the First World War (2nd ed.). London: Putnam & Company Ltd. pp. 150–153. ISBN 0-370-00103-6.
Grosz, Peter M, Windsock Datafile No.23-Hannover Cl.III, Albatros Publications, 1990. ISBN 0-948414-27-8
Klaauw, Bart van der (March–April 1999). "Unexpected Windfalls: Accidentally or Deliberately, More than 100 Aircraft 'arrived' in Dutch Territory During the Great War". Air Enthusiast (80): 54–59. ISSN 0143-5450.

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[1] Grosz, Peter M, Windsock Datafile No.23-Hannover Cl.III, Albatros Publications, 1990. ISBN 0-948414-27-8

[Gray-2] Gray, Peter; Owen Thetford (1970). German Aircraft of the First World War (2nd ed.). London: Putnam & Company Ltd. pp. 150–153. ISBN 0-370-00103-6.

World War I aircraft of the Central Powers
Fighters	AEG D.I AEG Dr.I Albatros D.I Albatros D.II Albatros D.III Albatros D.V Aviatik D.I Aviatik C.VI Daimler L.6 Euler D.I Euler D.II Fokker D.I Fokker D.II Fokker D.III Fokker D.IV Fokker D.V Fokker D.VI Fokker D.VII Fokker D.VIII Fokker Dr.I Fokker E.I Fokker E.II Fokker E.III Fokker E.IV Fokker E.V Halberstadt D.II Hannover CL.II Hannover CL.III Hannover CL.IV Hannover CL.V Hansa-Brandenburg W.12 Hansa-Brandenburg W.29 Junkers D.I Kondor D.6 Kondor E.III Naglo D.II Pfalz D.III Pfalz D.XII Pfalz Dr.I Pfalz E.I Pfalz E.II Phönix D.I LFG Roland D.II LFG Roland D.VI Siemens-Schuckert D.I Siemens-Schuckert D.II Siemens-Schuckert D.III Siemens-Schuckert D.IV Zeppelin-Lindau D.I
Bombers and ground attack	AEG DJ.I AEG G.I AEG G.II AEG G.III AEG G.IV AEG G.V AEG J.I AEG J.II AEG R.I Friedrichshafen G.II Friedrichshafen G.III Gotha G.I Gotha G.II Gotha G.III Gotha G.IV Gotha G.V Gotha GL.VII Gotha G.IX Hannover CL.II Junkers CL.I Junkers J.I Rumpler G.I Rumpler G.II Rumpler G.III Siemens-Schuckert L.I Zeppelin-Lindau Rs.II Zeppelin-Lindau Rs.III Zeppelin-Lindau Rs.IV Zeppelin-Staaken R.VI
Reconnaissance	AEG B.I AEG B.II AEG B.III AEG C.I AEG C.II AEG C.III AEG C.IV AEG C.V AEG C.VI AEG C.VII AEG C.VIII AGO C.I AGO C.II AGO C.III AGO C.IV AGO C.VII AGO C.VIII Albatros B.I Albatros B.II Albatros C.I Albatros C.III Albatros C.V Albatros C.VII Albatros C.IX Albatros C.X Albatros C.XII Aviatik B.I Aviatik B.II Aviatik C.I Aviatik C.VI DFW C.V LFG Roland C.II LVG B.I LVG C.II Rumpler C.I Rumpler C.IV Rumpler Taube
Trainers	Euler D.I
Prototypes	Albatros C.II Fokker V.1 Fokker V.2 Junkers J 1 Junkers J 2 Zeppelin-Lindau Rs.I